The effect of speed on leg stiffness and joint kinetics in human running

Journal of Biomechanics

Volumn 32, Issue 12, 1999, Pages 1349-1353

  Arampatzis, Adamantios ^a   Brüggemann, Gert Peter ^a   Metzler, Verena ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE   (Germany)

Author keywords

Joint moments; Mechanical power; Running; Spring mass model

Indexed keywords

JOINTS (ANATOMY); KINEMATICS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; STIFFNESS; VIDEO CAMERAS;

JOINT KINETICS; RUNNING VELOCITY;

BIOMECHANICS;

ANKLE; ARTICLE; ATHLETE; BIOMECHANICS; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; HYPOTHESIS; JOINT MOBILITY; KNEE; LEG; MASS; MODEL; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RIGIDITY; RUNNING; THEORY; VELOCITY;

ANKLE JOINT; BIOMECHANICS; ELASTICITY; HUMANS; KNEE JOINT; LEG; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; RUNNING;

EID: 0344931872     PISSN: 00219290     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9290(99)00133-5     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Arampatzis A., Brüggemann G.-P. A mathematical high bar-human body model for analysing and interpreting mechanical-energetic processes on the high bar. Journal of Biomechanics. 31:1998;1083-1092.
2. Blickhan R. The spring-mass model for running and hopping. Journal of Biomechanics. 22:1989;1217-1227.
3. Buczek F.L., Cavanagh P.R. Stance phase knee and ankle kinematics and kinetics during level and downhill running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 22:1990;669-677.
4. Clauser, C.E., McConville, J.T., Young J.W., 1969. Weight, volume and center of mass of segments of the human body. AMRL-TR-69-70, Aerospace Medical Researsch Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH.
5. Dalleau G., Belli A., Bourdin M., Lacour J.-R. The spring-mass model and the energy cost of treadmill running. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 77:1998;257-263.
6. Derrick T.R., Hamill J., Caldwell G.E. Energy absorption of impacts during running at various stride lengths. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 30:1998;128-135.
7. Devita P., Skelly W.A. Intrasubject variability of lower extremity joint moments of force during the stance phase of running. Human Movement Science. 9:1990;99-115.
8. Farley C.T., Glasheen J., McMahon T.A. Running springs. speed and animal size Journal of Experimental Biology. 185:1993;71-86.
9. Farley C.T., González O. Leg stiffness and stride frequency in human running. Journal of Biomechanics. 29:1996;181-186.
10. Greene P.R., McMahon T.A. Reflex stiffness of man's anti-gravity muscles during kneebends while carrying extra weights. Journal of Biomechanics. 12:1979;881-891.
11. Hanavan, E.P., 1964. A mathematical model of the human body. WADC Technical Report AMRL-TR-64-102, Aerospace Medical Researsch Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH.
12. He J., Kram R., McMahon T.A. Mechanics of running under simulated gravity. Journal of Applied Physiology. 71:1991;863-870.
13. Heise G.D., Martin P.E. "Leg spring" charakteristics and the aerobic demand of running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 30:1998;750-754.
14. Hof A.L. An explicit expression for the moment in multibody systems. Journal of Biomechanics. 25:1992;1209-1211.
15. Luhtanen P., Komi P.V. Force-, power-, and elasticity-velocity relationships in walking, running, and jumping. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 44:1980;279-289.
16. McMahon, T.A., Cheng, G.C., 1990. The mechanics of running: how does stiffness couple with speed? Journal of Biomechanics 23, 65-78.
17. Mero A., Komi P.V. Force-, EMG-, and elasticity-velocity relationships at submaximal, maximal and supramaximal running speeds in sprinters. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 55:1986;553-561.
18. Munro C.F., Miller D.I., Fuglevand A.J. Ground reaction forces in running. a reexamination Journal of Biomechanics. 20:1987;147-155.
19. Simpson K.J., Bates B. The effects of running speed on lower extremity joint moments generatet during the support phase. International Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 6:1990;309-324.
20. Stefanyshyn D.J., Nigg B.M. Mechanical energy contribution of the metatarsophalangeal joint to running and sprinting. Journal of Biomechanics. 30:1997;1081-1085.
21. Stefanyshyn D.J., Nigg B.M. Contribution of the lower extremity joints to mechanical energy in running vertical jumps and running long jumps. Journal of Sports Science. 16:1998;177-186.