Productivity and fitness in a fjord cod population: An ecological and evolutionary approach

Fisheries Research

Volumn 37, Issue 1-3, 1998, Pages 143-161

  Gro Vea Salvanes, Anne ^a   Baliño, Beatriz M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

Author keywords

Advection; Cannibalism; Cod; Density dependent processes; Ecosystem model; Fishing; Fitness; Growth; Predation

Indexed keywords

ECOSYSTEM MODELING; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; EXPLOITATION; FITNESS; GADOID FISHERY; PRODUCTIVITY;

GADUS MORHUA;

EID: 0344765506     PISSN: 01657836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-7836(98)00133-7     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (76)

1. Aebisher N.J., Coulson J.C., Colebrook J.M. Parallel long-term trends across four marine trophic levels and weather. Nature (London). 347:1990;753-755.
2. Aksnes D.L., Aure J., Kaartvedt S., Magnesen T., Richards J. Significance of advection for the carrying capacities of fjord populations. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 50:1989;263-274.
3. Aksnes D.L., Giske J. A theoretical model of aquatic visual feeding. Ecol. Mod. 67:1993;233-250.
4. Aksnes D.L., Blindheim J. Circulation patterns in the North Atlantic and possible impact on population dynamics of Calanus finmarchicus. Ophelia. 44:1996;7-28.
5. Beacham T.D. Variability in median size at age at sexual maturity of the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., on the Scotial shelf in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. Fish. Bull. 82:1983;303-321.
6. Beverton, R.J.H., Holt, D.J., 1957. On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. Fish. Invest. Ministr. Agricult. Fish. and Food, London, p. 531.
7. Beverton, R.J.H., Cooke, J.G., Csirke, J.B., Doyle, R.W., Hempel, G., Holt, S.J., MacCall, A.D., Policansky, D.J., Rouhgarden, J., Sherperd, J.G., Sissenwine, M.P., Wiebe, P.H., 1984. Dynamics of single species. Group report. In: May, R.M. (Ed.). Exploitation of Marine communities. Dahlem Konferenzen, Springer, Berlin, Life Sciences Research Report, vol. 32, pp. 13-58.
8. Blythe, S.P., Stokes, T.K., 1993. Size-selective harvesting and age-at-maturity. I: Some theoretical implications for management of evolving resources. In: Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R. (Eds.), The exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, vol. 91, pp. 222-231.
9. Daan N., Heessen H.J.K., Pope J.G. Changes in the North Sea cod stock during the twentieth century. ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. 198:1994;229-243.
10. DeAngelis D.L., Cushman R.M. Potential application of models in forecasting the effects of climate changes on fisheries. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 119:1990;224-239.
11. De Veen J.F. On changes in some biological parameters of North Sea Sole (Solea solea L.). J. Conc. Int. Explor. Mer. 37:1976;60-90.
12. Doyle R.W. An approach to the quantitative analysis of domestication selection in aquaculture. Aquaculture. 33:1983;167-185.
13. Fosså J.H. The ecology of the two-spot goby (Globiusculus flavescens Fabricius): The potential for cod enhancement. ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. 192:1991;147-155.
14. Fosså, J.H., Nordeide, J.T., Salvanes, A.G.V., Smedstad, O., 1994. Impacts of released cod on wild fish populations in Masfjorden, western Norway. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25, supplement 1, 35-48.
15. Gall G.E. Genetics in fish. A summary of discussions. Aquaculture. 33:1983;383-394.
16. Giske J., Aksnes D.L., Lie U., Wakili S.M. Computer simulation of pelagic production in Masfjorden, western Norway, and its consequences for production of released 0-group cod. ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. 192:1991;161-175.
17. Gjedrem T. Genetic variation in quantitative traits and selective breeding in fish and shellfish. Aquaculture. 33:1983;51-72.
18. Gjerde B. Response to individual selection for age at sexual maturity in Atlantic salmon. Aquaculture. 38:1984;229-240.
19. Graham, M., 1923. The annual cycle in the life of mature cod in the North Sea. Fish. Invest. Ser. II, VI(6).
20. Gross M.R. Salmon breeding behaviour and life history evolution in changing environments. Ecology. 72:1991;1180-1186.
21. Hansson S., Rudstam L.G., Kitchell J.F., Hilden M., Johnson B.L., Peppard P.E. Predation rates by North Sea cod (Gadus morhua)- predictions form models on gastric evacuation and bioenergetics. ICES J. mar. Sci. 53:1996;107-114.
22. Hewett, S.W., Johnson, B.L., 1992. Fish bioenergetics model 2. University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, Sea Grant Technical Report, No. WIS-SG-92-250.
23. Holling C.S. The functional response of predators to prey density and its role in mimicry and population regulation. Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can. 45:1965;1-60.
24. Hollowed A.B., Bailey K.M., Wooster W.S. Patterns in recruitment of marine fishes in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Biol. Oceanogr. 5:1987;99-131.
25. Hutchings J.A., Myers R. What can be learned from the collapse of a renewable resource? Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, of Newfoundland and Labrador. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:1994;2126-2146.
26. Jobling M. A review of physiological and nutritional energetics of cod (Gadus morhua) with particular reference to growth under farmed conditions. Aquaculture. 70:1988;1-20.
27. Jørgensen T. Long-term changes in age at sexual maturity of the Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua L.). J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 46:1990;235-248.
28. Kaartvedt S. Plankton as potential prey in fjords. ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. 192:1991;156-160.
29. Kirkpatrick, M., 1993. The evolution of size and growth in harvested natural populations. In: Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R. (Eds.), The exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 91, 145-153.
30. Kirpichnikov, V.S., 1981. Genetic basis of fish selection. Translated by G.G. Gause. Springer, Berlin.
31. Klinck, J.M, O'Brien, J.J., Svendsen, H., 1981a. Coastal wind effects on fjord circulation. In: Sætre, R., Mork, M. (Eds.), The Norwegian Coastal Current. pp. 178-214.
32. Klinck, J.M., O'Brien, J.J., Svendsen, H., 1981b. A simple model of fjord and coastal circulation interaction. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 11, 1612-1626.
33. Kjesbu O.S., Solemdal P., Bratland P., Fonn M. Variation in annual egg production in individual captive Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:1996;610-620.
34. Kohler A.C. Variation in the growth of Atlantic cod. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 21:1964;57-100.
35. Law, R., Rowell, C.A., 1993. Cohort-structured populations, selection responses, and exploitation of the North Sea cod. In: Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R. (Eds.), The Exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, vol. 91, pp. 155-173.
36. Lewis C.V.W., Davis C.S., Gawarkiewicz G. Wind forced biological-physiological interactions on an isolated offshore bank Deep-Sea Res., part II. Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 41:1994;51-73.
37. Lotka, A.J., 1914. An objective standard of value derived from the principle of evolution. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 4, 409-418, 447-457, 499-500.
38. McKenzie W.D.D., Crews K., Kallmann K., Policansky D., Sohn J. Age, weight and genetics of sexual maturity in the platyfish (Xiphonophorous maculatus). Copeia. 3:1983;770-774.
39. Mork, J., Giskeødegård, R., Sundnes, G., 1983a. Population genetic studies in cod (Gadus morhua L.) by means of the haemoglobin polymorphism: Observations in a Norwegian coastal population. Fisk Dir. Skr. Havunders. 17, 449-471.
40. Mork, J., Giskeødegård, R., Sundnes, G., 1983b. Haemoglobin polymorphism in Gadus morhua: Genotypic differences in maturing age and within-season gonad maturation. Helgolander Meersunters. 36, 313-322.
41. Myers, R., Cadigan, N.G., 1995. Was an increase in natural mortality responsible for the collapse of northern cod? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52, 1274-1285.
42. Myers R.A., Mertz G., Fowlow P. The maximum population growth rates and recovery times of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Fish. Bull. 95:1997;762-772.
43. Nordeide J.T., Salvanes A.G.V. Observations on newly released and wild cod (Gadus morhua L.) and their potential predators. ICES mar. Sci. Symp. 192:1991;139-146.
44. Nordeide, J.T., Fosså, J.H., Salvanes, A.G.V., Smedstad, O., 1994. Testing if year class strength of coastal cod (Gadus morhua L.) can be determined at the juvenile stage. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25, supplement 1, 101-116.
45. Nævdal G., Holm M., Leroy R., Møller D. Individual growth rate and age at sexual maturity in rainbow trout. Fiskdir. Skr. Ser. Havunders. 17:1979;11-17.
46. Oosthuizen E., Daan N. Egg fecundity and maturity of North Sea cod. Gadus morhua. Neth. J. Sea Res. 8:1974;378-397.
47. Perry R.I., Harding G.C., Loder J.W., Tremblay M.J., Sinclair M.M., Drinkwater K.F. Zooplankton distributions at the Georges bank frontal system - Retention or dispersion. Continental Shelf Res. 13:1993;357-383.
48. Peterman R.M. Review of the components of recruitment of pacific salmon. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 1:1987;417-429.
49. Peterman R.M., Bradford M.J. Wind speed and mortality rate of a marine fish, the northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax). Science. 235:1987;354-356.
50. Policansky, D., 1993. Fishing as a cause of evolution in fishes. In: Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R. (Eds.), The exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 91, 2-18.
51. Reznick, D.N., 1993. Norms of reaction in fishes. In: Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R. (Eds.), The exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 91, 72-90.
52. Reznick D.N., Bryga H., Endler J.A. Experimentally induced life-history evolution in a natural population. Nature. 346:1990;357-359.
53. Ricker W.E. Changes in the average size at age of Pacific salmon. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38:1981;1636-1656.
54. Rijnsdorp, A.D., 1993. Selection differentials in male and female North Sea place and changes in maturation and fecundity. In: Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R. (Eds.), The exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 91, 19-36.
55. Roff, D.A., 1992. The evolution of life histories. Theory and analysis. London: Chapman and Hall, 535 pp.
56. Rowell, C.A., 1993. The effects of fishing on the timing of maturity in North Sea cod (Gadus morhua L.). In: Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R. (Eds.), The exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 91, 44-61.
57. Rudstam L.G., Peppard P.E., Fratt T.W., Bruesewitz R.E., Coble D.W., Copes F.A., Kitchell J.F. Prey consumption by the burbot (Lota lota) population in Green Bay, Lake Michigan, based on a bioenergetics model. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52(5):1994;1074-1082.
58. Salvanes A.G.V. Pollack (Pollachius pollachius) stock size development and potential influence on cod (Gadus morhua) mariculture in a west Norwegian fjord. Fish. Res. 24:1995;223-242.
59. Salvanes A.G.V., Nordeide J.T. Dominating sublittoral fish species in a west Norwegian fjord and their trophic links to cod (Gadus morhua). Sarsia. 78:1993;221-234.
60. Salvanes A.G.V., Ulltang Ø. Population parameters, migration and exploitation of the cod (Gadus morhua L.) in Masfjorden, western Norway. Fish. Res. 15:1992;253-289.
61. Salvanes A.G.V., Aksnes D.L., Giske J. Ecosystem model for evaluating potential cod production in a west Norwegian fjord. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 90:1992;9-22.
62. Salvanes, A.G.V., Giske, J., Nordeide, J.T., 1994. Life history approach to habitat shifts for coastal cod, Gadus morhua L. Aquaculture and Fisheries Managament, 25, Supplement 1, 215-228.
63. Salvanes A.G.V., Aksnes D.L., Fosså J.H., Giske J. Simulated carrying capacities of fish in Norwegian fjords. Fish. Oceanogr. 4(1):1995;17-32.
64. Sharp, G.D., 1988. Fish populations and fisheries. Their perturbation, natural and man-induced. In: Postma, H., Ziljstra, J.J. (Eds.), Continental Shelves. Ecosystems of the World. vol. 27. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 155-202.
65. Skjoldal, H.R., Rey, F., 1989. Pelagic production and variability of the Barents Sea ecosystem. In: Sherman, K., Alexander, L.M. (Eds.), Biomass yields and geography of large marine ecosystems. AAAS Selected Symposium 111. Westview Press, pp. 241-286.
66. Skjoldal, H.R., Noji, T.T., Giske, J., Fosså, J.H., Blindheim, J., Sundby, S., 1993. Mare Cognitum Science Plan. Marine ecology of the Nordic Seas 1993-2000, Bergen, Norway.
67. Smedstad, O., Salvanes, A.G.V., Fosså, J.H., Nordeide, J.T., 1994. Enhancement of cod in Masfjorden: An overview. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25, Supplement 1, 117-128.
68. Southward A.J., Butler E.I., Pennyquick L. Recent cyclic changes in climate and in abundance of marine life. Nature (London). 253:1975;714-717.
69. Stearns, S.C., 1992. The evolution of life histories. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, p. 249.
70. Stokes, T.K., Blythe, S.P., 1993. Size-selective harvesting and age-at-maturity II: real populations and management options. In: Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R. (Eds.), The exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 91, 232-247.
71. Stokes, T.K., McGlade, J.M., Law, R., 1993. The exploitation of Evolving Resources. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics 99, Springer, Berlin.
72. Sundby S., Bjørke H., Soldal A.V., Olsen S. Mortality rates during the early life stages and year class strength of northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua L.). Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 191:1989;351-358.
73. Thorpe J.E., Morgan R.I.G., Talbot C., Miles M.S. The inheritance of developmental rates in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. Aquaculture. 33:1983;119-128.
74. Tyler A.V. Rates of gastric emptying in young cod. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. 27:1970;1177-1189.
75. Ulltang Ø. Explanations and predictions in fisheries science - problems and challenges in a historical and epistemological perspective. Fish. Res. 37:1998;297-310.
76. Wohlfarth G.W. Genetics of fish: Applications to warm water fishes. Aquaculture. 33:1983;373-381.