Metaphors for reflecting on research practice: Researching with people

Journal of Environmental Planning and Management

Volumn 46, Issue 5, 2003, Pages 715-731

  McClintock, David ^a   Ison, Ray ^b   Armson, Rosalind ^b  

^a Hassall and Associates Pty Ltd   (Australia)

^b OPEN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING; PARTICIPATORY APPROACH; STAKEHOLDER;

EID: 0344553471     PISSN: 09640568     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/0964056032000138454     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Bell, S. & Wood-Harper, T. (1992) Rapid Information Systems Development: A Non-Specialist's Guide to Analysis and Design in an Imperfect World (Maidenhead, McGraw-Hill).
2. Blair, Tony (2002) Science matters, Nature (accessed at on 12 June 2002.
3. Boyd, R. (1979) Metaphor and theory change: what is 'metaphor' a metaphor for? in: A. Ortony (Ed.) Metaphor and Thought (Cambridge, Cambridge University, Press).
4. Brookfield, S. (1986) Understanding and Facilitating Adult Learning (Milton Keynes, Open University Press).
5. Central Statistics Office (1996) Annual Abstract of Statistics (London, HMSO).
6. Checkland, P. (1991) From framework through experience to learning: the essential nature of action research, in: H. Nissen, H. Klein & R. Hirscheim (Eds) Information Systems Research: Contemporary Approaches and Emergent Traditions (Amsterdam, Elsevier).
7. Dore, J., Keating, C., Woodhill, J. & Ellis, K. (2001) Sustainable Regional Development, SRD Kit (Canberra, Greening Australia).
8. ENDS (2001) Public participation directive would force legal changes in UK, ENDS Report 313, February, p. 50.
9. Engel, P. (1995) Facilitating innovation: an action-oriented approach and participatory methodology to improve social practice in agriculture, published PhD thesis (the Netherlands, Landbouwuniversiteit te Wageningen).
10. Fals-Borda, O. (1988) Knowledge and People's Power: Lessons with Peasants in Nicaragua, Mexico and Colombia (New Delhi, Indian Social Institute).
11. Fish, S. (1989) Doing What Comes Naturally: Change, Rhetoric and the Practice of Theory in Literary and Legal Studies (Durham, NC, Duke University Press).
12. Friere, P. (1972) Pedagogy of the Oppressed (London, Penguin).
13. Friere, P. (1979) Education for Critical Consciousness (London, Sheed and Ward).
14. Gadamer, H.G. (1975) Truth and Method (London, Sheed and Ward).
15. Gibson, T. (1994) Showing what you mean (not just talking about it), RRA Notes Special Issue No. 27 on the Application of Participatory Inquiry in Urban Areas (London, IIED Sustainable Agriculture Programme).
16. Gregory, W. & Romm, N. (1994) Developing multi-agency dialogue: the role(s) of facilitation, Working Paper 6 (Hull, The Centre for Systems Studies, University of Hull).
17. Guba, E.G. & Lincoln, Y.S. (1989) Fourth Generation Evaluation (Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage).
18. Heron, J. (1981) Philosophical basis for a new paradigm, in: P. Reason & J. Rowan (Eds) Human Inquiry: A Sourcebook of New Paradigm Research (Chichester, Wiley).
19. Heron, J. (1989) The Facilitator's Handbook (London, Kogan Page).
20. Heron, J. (1996) Co-operative Inquiry: Research into the Human Condition (London, Sage).
21. Higgs, J. (1999) Doing, knowing, being & becoming in professional practice, presentation to the MTeach Post Internship Conference 27-29 September, Sydney University.
22. Ison, R.L. (1990) Teaching threatens sustainable agriculture, Gatekeeper Series No. 21 (London, Sustainable Agriculture Programme, International Institute for Environment and Development).
23. Ison, R.L. (2002) Some reflections on a knowledge transfer strategy: a systemic inquiry, in: Farming and Rural Systems Research and Extension, Proceedings Fifth IFSA European Symposium, Florence, April.
24. Ison, R.L. & Russell, D.B. (Eds) (2000a) Agricultural Extension and Rural Development: Breaking Out of Traditions (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).
25. Ison, R.L. & Russell, D.B. (2000b) Exploring some distinctions for the design of learning systems, Cybernetics and Human Knowing, 7(4), pp. 43-56.
26. Kersten, S. (1995) In search of dialogue: vegetation management in western NSW, Australia, unpublished PhD thesis (Sydney, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Sydney).
27. Kersten, S. & Ison, R.L. (1998) Listening, interpretative cycles and dialogue: process design for collaborative research and development, The Journal of Agricultural Education & Extension 5, pp. 163-178.
28. Krippendorff, K. (1999) Beyond coherence, Management Communication Quarterly, 13, pp. 135-145.
29. Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. (1980) Metaphors We Live By (Chicago, University of Chicago Press).
30. Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. (1999) Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and Its Challenge to Western Thought (New York, Basic Books).
31. Leadbeater, C. (2002) Innovate from Within. An Open Letter to the New Cabinet Secretary (London, Demos).
32. Maturana, H. (1988) Reality: the search for objectivity or the quest for a compelling argument, Irish Journal of Psychology, 9(1), pp. 25-82.
33. Maturana, H. & Varela, F. (1987) The Tree of Knowledge: The Biological Roots of Human Understanding (Boston, Shambala).
34. McClintock, D. (1996) Metaphors that inspire 'researching with people': UK farming, countrysides and diverse stakeholder contexts, PhD thesis (Milton Keynes, The Open University).
35. McClintock, D. & Ison, R. (1994) Responsible (response-able) design metaphors, in: Accounting for Ourselves, Proceedings of World Congress 3 on Action Learning, Action Research and Process Management, Bath, University of Bath, July.
36. McClintock, D., Ison, R.L. & Armson, R. (2004) Conceptual metaphors: a review with implications for human understandings and systems practice, Cybernetics and Human Knowing (accepted).
37. McTaggart, R. (1992) Reductionism and action research: technology versus convivial forms of life, in: Proceedings of 2nd World Congress on Action Learning, University of Queensland, 14-17 July.
38. Morgan, G. (1993) Imaginization: The Art of Creative Management (Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage).
39. Open University (2000) Managing complexity. A systems approach, Course code T306 (Milton Keynes, The Open University).
40. Polkinghorne, D. (1988) Narrative Knowing and the Human Sciences (New York, State University of New York Press).
41. Pretty, J. (1994) Alternative systems of inquiry for a sustainable agriculture, in: Knowledge is power? The abuse of information in development, IDS Bulletin, 25(2), pp. 37-49.
42. Pretty, J., Brett, C., Gee, D., Hine, R., Mason, C., Morison, J., Rayment, M., van der Bijl, G. & Dobbs, T. (2001) Policy challenges and priorities for internalizing the externalities of modern agriculture, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 44(2), pp. 263-283.
43. Reason, P. & Heron, J. (1986) Research with people: the paradigm of cooperative experiential inquiry, Person Centred Review, 1(4), pp. 456-476.
44. Reason, P. & Hawkins, P. (1988) Storytelling as inquiry, in: P. Reason (Ed.) Human Inquiry in Action: Developments in New Paradigm Research (London, Sage).
45. Röling, N. (1990) The agricultural research-technology transfer interface: a knowledge systems perspective, in: D. Kaimowitz (Ed.) Making The Link: Agricultural Research and Technology Transfer in Developing Countries (San Francisco, Westview-ISNAR).
46. Röling, N. & Woodhill, J. (2001) From paradigms to practice: foundations, principles and elements for dialogue on water, food and environment, in: Proceedings of the Workshop on National and Basin Level Dialogue, Bonn, December.
47. Rorty, R. (1980) Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature (Oxford, Basil Blackwell).
48. Roth, S., Chasin, L., Chasin, R., Beker, C. & Herzig, M. (1992) From debate to dialogue: a facilitating role for family therapists in the public forum, Dulwich Centre Newsletter, 2, pp. 41-48.
49. Russell, D.B. & Ison, R.L. (2000) The research-development relationship in rural communities: an opportunity for contextual science, in: R.L. Ison & D.B. Russell (Eds) Agricultural Extension and Rural Development: Breaking out of Traditions (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).
50. Sartre, J-P. (1956) Being and Nothingness: An Essay on Phenomenological Ontology. Translated by H.E. Barnes (New York, Philosophical Library).
51. Soyland, A.J. (1994) Psychology as Metaphor (London, Sage).
52. Ulrich, W. (1993) Some difficulties of ecological thinking, considered from a critical systems perspective: a plea for critical holism, Systems Practice, 6(6), pp. 583-612.
53. Von Foerster, H. (1984) Observing Systems (Salinas, Intersystems Publications).
54. Wadsworth, Y. (1991) Everyday Evaluation on the Run (Melbourne, The Action Research Issues Association Inc.).
55. Waldrop, N. (1993) Complexity: The Emerging Science at the Edge of Chaos (London, Viking).
56. Watson, H. (1995) A critical study of the multiview methodology: a poststructuralist textual analysis of concepts in inquiry, unpublished PhD thesis (Salford, Information Systems Research Centre, University of Salford).
57. Webber, L. (2000) Co-researching: braiding theory and practice for research with people, in: R.L. Ison & D.B. Russell (Eds) Agricultural Extension and Rural Development: Breaking Out of Traditions (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).
58. Whyte, W.F. (Ed.) (1991) Participatory Action Research (London, Sage).
59. Winograd, T. & Flores, F. (1987) Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design (New York, Addison Wesley).