Posttraumatic stress disorder after childbirth: A cross sectional study

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Volumn 11, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 587-597

  Wijma, Klaas ^a   Söderquist, Johan ^b   Wijma, Barbro ^b  

^a LINKÖPING UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILDBIRTH; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COUNSELING; DELIVERY; FEMALE; HUMAN; NULLIPARA; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; QUESTIONNAIRE; STAFF; SWEDEN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; COGNITION; COUNSELING; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; LABOR, OBSTETRIC; LIFE CHANGE EVENTS; MIDDLE AGED; PARITY; PREGNANCY; PREVALENCE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PUERPERAL DISORDERS; QUESTIONNAIRES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; SWEDEN;

EID: 0344333430     PISSN: 08876185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0887-6185(97)00041-8     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. American Psychiatrie Association. (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd. ed., rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Ballard, C. G., Stanley, A. K., & Brockington, I. F. (1995). Post-traumatic stress disorder after childbirth. British Journal of Psychiatry, 166, 525-528.
4. Barlow, D. (1988). Anxiety and its disorders. New York: The Guilford Press.
5. Beck, A. T., & Clark, D. A. (1988). Anxiety and depression: An information processing perspective. Anxiety Research, 1, 23-36.
6. Beck, A. T., & Emery, G. (1985). Anxiety disorders and phobias - A cognitive perspective. New York: Basic Books Inc.
7. Blanchard, E. B., HickJing, E. J., Taylor, A. E., Warren, R. L., Forneris, C. A., & Jaccard, J. (1996). Who develops PTSD from motor vehicle accidents? Behavior, Research, and Therapy, 34, 1-10.
8. Breslau, N., & Davis, G. C. (1987). Posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175, 255-263.
9. Breslau, N., Davis, C. G., Andreski, P., & Petcrson, E. (1991). Traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 216-222.
10. Carmines, E. G., & Zeller, R. A. (1988). Reliability and validity assessment. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
11. Davidson, J. R. T., & Foa, E. B. (1991). Diagnostic issues in posttraumatic stress disorder: Considerations for the DSM-IV. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100. 346-355.
12. Eysenck, M. W. (1992). Anxiety: The cognitive perspective. Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
13. Fish, R. U., & Tadmor, O. (1989). Ialrogenic post traumatic stress disorder. Australian Journal of Clinical Hypnotherapy & Hypnosis, 14. 1-5.
14. Foa, E. B., Feske. U., Murdock, T. B., Kozak, M. J., & McCarthy, P. R. (1991). Processing of threat-related information in rape victims. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 156-162.
15. Fones, C. (1996). Posttraumatic stress disorder occurrig after painful childbirth. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 184, 195-196.
16. Green, J. M. (1990). Who is unhappy after childbirth? Antenatal and intrapartum correlates from a prospective study. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 8, 175-183.
17. Heizer, J. E., Robins, L. N., & McEvoy, M. A. (1987). Post-traumatic stress disorder in the general population. Findings of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. The New England Journal of Medicine, 317, 1630-1634.
18. Horowitz, M., Wilner, N., & Alvarez, W. (1979). Impact of event scale: A measure of subjective stress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 41, 209-218.
19. Kessler, R. C., Sonnega, A., Bromet, E., Hughes, M., & Nelson, C. B. (1995) Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry; 52, 1048-1060.
20. Líndal, E., & Stefánsson, J. G. (1993). The life time prevalence of anxiety disorders in Iceland as estimated by the US National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Schedule. Acta Psyciatrica Scandinavica, 88, 29-34.
21. Malt, U. F., & Olafsen, O. M. (1992). Psychological appraisal and emotional response to physical injury: A clinical, phenomenological study of 109 adults. Psvchiatric Medicine, 10, 117-133.
22. McFarlane, A. C. (1988). Longitudinal course of posttraumatic morbidity: The range of outcomes and their predictors. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 176, 30-39.
23. McNally, R. J., Kaspi, S. P., Riemann. B. C., & Zeitlin, S. B. (1990). Selective processing of threat cues in posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 398-402.
24. Menage, J. (1993). Posttraumatic stress disorder in women who have undergone obstetric and or gynecological procedures: A consecutive series of 30 cases of PTSD. Journal of Reproductive & Infant Psychology, 11, 221-228.
25. Mikulincer, M., & Solomon, U. (1988). Attributional style and combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 308-313.
26. Ryding, E. L., Wijma, K., & Wijma, B. (in press). Predisposing psychological factors for posttraumatic stress reactions after emergency Cesarean section. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica.
27. Shalev, A. Y. Schreiber, S., Galai, T., & Melmed, R. N. (1993). Posttraumatic stress disorder following medical events. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33, 247-253.
28. Thune-Larsen, K. B., & Møller-Pedersen, K. (1988). Childbirth experience and postpartum emotional disturbance. Journal of Reproductive and Infant sychology, 6, 229-240.
29. Wijma, K., Wijma, B., & Söderquist, J. (1997). Presentation of the Traumatic Event Scale (TES). Manuscript submitted for publication. ?2?
30. Wijma, K., Wijma, B., & Zar, M. (1997). Psychometric aspects of the W-DEQ: A new questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, in press.
31. Zar, M., Wijma, K., & Wijma, B. (1997). Fear-of-delivery-profiles in nulliparous and parous women, with and without fear of childbirth. Manuscript submitted for publication.