Exogenous reinfection as a cause of recurrent tuberculosis after curative treatment

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 341, Issue 16, 1999, Pages 1174-1179

  Van Annelies, Rie ^a,c   Warren, Robin ^b   Richardson, Madeleine ^b   Victor, Thomas C ^b   Robert P, Gie ^a   Enarson, Donald A ^d   Beyers, Nulda ^a   Van Helden, Paul D ^a,b  

^a STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^b SOUTH AFRICAN MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^d INTERNATIONAL UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DNA FINGERPRINTING; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECURRENT INFECTION; REINFECTION; RELAPSE; RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; SOUTH AFRICA; TUBERCULOSIS;

EID: 0344289512     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199910143411602     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. Canetti G, Sutherland I, Svandova E. Endogenous reactivation and exogenous reinfection: their relative importance with regard to the development of non-primary tuberculosis. Bull Int Union Tuberc 1972;47:116-34.
2. Vynnycky E, Fine PEM. The natural history of tuberculosis: the implications of age-dependent risks of disease and the role of reinfection. Epidemiol Infect 1997;119:183-201.
3. McKinney JD, Jacobs WR, Bloom BR. Persisting problems in tuberculosis. In: Krause RM, ed. Emerging infections. San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press, 1997:69.
4. Katz HL. Reactivations of tuberculous disease in 250 consecutive surgical resections in 248 cases followed from one to six years. In: Veterans Administration-Armed Forces, National Tuberculosis Association. Transactions of the 17th Conference on the Chemotherapy of Tuberculosis. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1958:214-7.
5. Hong Kong Chest Service/British Medical Research Council. Controlled trial of 4 three-times-weekly regimens and a daily regimen all given for 6 months for pulmonary tuberculosis: second report: the results up to 24 months. Tubercle 1982;63:89-98.
6. British Thoracic Association. A controlled trial of six months chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis: second report: results during the 24 months after the end of chemotherapy. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982;126:460-2.
7. Hong Kong Chest Service/British Medical Research Council. Controlled trial of 6-month and 9-month regimens of daily and intermittent streptomycin plus isoniazid plus pyrazinamide for pulmonary tuberculosis in Hong Kong: the results up to 30 months. Am Rev Respir Dis 1977;115: 727-35.
8. Beyers N, Gie RP, Zietsman L, et al. The use of a geographical information system (GIS) to evaluate the distribution of tuberculosis in a high-incidence community. S Afr Med J 1996;86:40-4.
9. van Embden JDA, Cave MD, Crawford JT, et al. Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standardized methodology. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31:406-9.
10. Warren R, Richardson M, Sampson S, et al. Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with additional markers enhances accuracy in epidemiological studies. J Clin Microbiol 1996;34:2219-24.
11. Styblo K. Epidemiology of tuberculosis: selected papers. Proc Tuberc Res Counc 1991;24:62-6.
12. Sahadevan R, Narayanan S, Paramasivan CN, Prabhakar R, Narayanan PR. Restriction fragment length polymorphism typing of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Madras, India, by use of direct-repeat probe. J Clin Microbiol 1995;33: 3037-9.
13. Das S, Chan SL, Allen BW, Mitchison DA, Lowrie DB. Application of DNA fingerprinting with IS986 to sequential mycobacterial isolates obtained from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Hong Kong before, during and after short-course chemotherapy. Tuber Lung Dis 1993;74: 48-51.
14. Mitchison DA, Keyes AB, Edwards EA, Ayuma P, Byfield SP, Nunn AJ. Quality control in tuberculosis bacteriology. 2. The origin of isolated positive cultures from the sputum of patients in four studies of short course chemotherapy in Africa. Tubercle 1980;61:135-44.
15. Small PM, Shafer RW, Hopewell PC, et al. Exogenous reinfection with multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with advanced HIV infection. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1137-44.