Environmental risk assessment scheme for plant protection products - Chapter 11: Terrestrial vertebrates

EPPO Bulletin

Volumn 33, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 211-238

[No Author Info available]

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0344118096     PISSN: 02508052     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2338.2003.00633.x     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Aldenberg T & Jaworska J (2000) Uncertainty of the hazardous concentration and fraction affected for normal species sensitivity distributions. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 46, 1-18.
2. Aldenberg T & Slob W (1993) Confidence limits for hazardous concentrations based on logistically distributed NOEC toxicity data. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 25, 48-63.
3. Baril A & Mineau P (1996) A distribution-based approach to improving avian risk assessment. Abstracts 17th SETAC Conference. Washington (US).
4. Baril A, Mineau P & Collins BT (1994) A consideration of interspecies variability in the use of the median lethal dose (LDSO) in avian risk assessment. Technical Report Series no. 216. Canadian Wildlife Service, Hull(CA).
5. Best LB & Gionfriddo JP (1994) House sparrow preferential consumption of earners used for pesticide granules. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 13, 919-925.
6. Beyer WN, Connor EE & Gerould S (1994) Estimates of soil ingestion by wildlife. Journal of Wildlife Management 50, 375-382.
7. Brewer LW, Sullivan JP, Akins JM, Kamiri LK & Mihaich EM (1997) Measured pesticide residues on insects in relation to standard EPA estimates. 18th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. San Francisco (US).
8. Crocker D, Hart A, Gurney J & McCoy C (2002) Methods for Estimating Daily Food Intake of Wild Birds and Mammals. Final report on DEFRA project PN0908. Central Science Laboratory, York (GB). Available from www.defra.gov.uk/research.
9. de Leeuw J et al. (1995) Risks of Granules and Treated Seeds to Birds on Arable Fields. CML Report 118. Centre of Environmental Science, Leiden University, Leiden (NL).
10. Driver CJ, Ligotke MW, van Vans P, McVeety BD, Greenspan BJ & Brown DB (1991) Routes of uptake and their relative contribution to the texicological response of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) to an organophosphate pesticide. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 10, 21-33.
11. ECOFRAM (1999) ECOFRAM Terrestrial Draft Report, 10 May 1999. [WWW document]. URL http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk/.
12. EU (2001) Guidance Document on Risk Assessment for Birds and Mammals Under Council Directive 91/414/EEC. EU, Brussels (BE).
13. Fischer DL & Best LB (1995) Avian consumption of blank pesticide granules applied at planting to Iowa cornfields. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 14, 1543-1549.
14. Fischer DL & Bowers LM (1997) Summary of field measurements of pesticide concentrations in invertebrate prey of birds. 18th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. San Francisco (US).
15. Fletcher JS, Nellessen JE & Pfleeger TG (1994) Literature review and evaluation of the EPA food-chain (Kenaga) nomogram, an instrument for estimating pesticide residues on plants. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 13, 1383-1391.
16. Fryday SL, Chandler-Morris SA & Hart ADM (1998) Presentation method and the avoidance of fonofos-treated seed by captive birds. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 61, 448-454.
17. Hart A (2001) Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Pesticides in Europe: Implementation and Research Needs. Report of the European Workshop on Probabilistic Risk Assessment for the Environmental Impacts of Plant Protection Products (EUPRA). Central Science Laboratory, York (GB). Available from www.eupra.com.
18. Hart A, Balluff D, Barfknecht R, Chapman PF, Hawkes T, Joermann G, Leopold A & Luttik R (eds) (2001) Avian Effects Assessment: a Framework for Contaminants Studies. SETAC Press, Pensacola (US).
19. Hart A, Fryday S, McKay H, Pascual J & Prasser P (1999) Understanding risks to birds from pesticide-treated seeds. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithology Congress (Ed. by Adams, NJ & Slotow, RH), pp. 1070-1087. Birdlife South Africa, Johannesburg (ZA).
20. Hoerger FD & Kenaga EE (1972) Pesticide residues on plants, correlation of representative data as a basis for estimation of their magnitude in the environment. In: Environmental Quality and Safety, Vol. I, pp. 9-28. Academic Press, New York (US).
21. Jager T (1998) Mechanistic approach for estimating bioconcentration of organic chemicals in earthworms (Oligochaeta). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 17, 2080-2090.
22. Joermann G (1998) A review of secondary poisoning studies with rodenticides. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 28, 157-176.
23. Joermann G, Brewer L, Chapman PF, Fritsch HJ, Niemann L & Rivière J-L (2001) Case study 6: Rodenticide. In: Avian Effects Assessment: a Framework for Contaminants Studies (Ed. by Hart, A et al.), pp. 137-153. SETAC Press, Pensacola (US).
24. Kenaga EE (1973) Factors to be considered in the evaluation of toxicity of pesticides to birds in their environment In: Environmental Quality and Safety, Vol. II, pp. 166-181. Academic Press, New York US.
25. Kooijman SALM (1987) A safety factor for LC50 values allowing for differences in sensitivity among species. Water Research 21, 269-276.
26. Luttik R (1998) Assessing repellency in a modified avian LC50 procedure removes the need for additional tests. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 40, 201-205.
27. Luttik R (2001) Residues of plant protection products on food ingested by birds and mammals. In: Fact Sheets for the (Eco) Toxicological Risk Assessment Strategy of the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) (Ed. Luttik, R & van Raaij, M), RIVM report 601516 007, pp. 83-94. RIVM, Bilthoven (NL).
28. Luttik R & Aldenberg T (1997) Extrapolation factors for small samples of pesticide toxicity data: special focus on LD50 values for birds and mammals. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 16, 1785-1788.
29. Luttik R, Clook MA, Taylor MR & Hart ADM (1999) Regulatory aspects of the ecotoxicological risk assessment of rodenticides. In: Advances in Vertebrate Pest Management (Ed. by y Cowan, PD & Feare, CJ), pp. 369-385. Filander, Fürth (DE).
30. MacKay D (1982) Correlation of bioconcentration factors. Environmental Science and Technology 16, 274-278.
31. Mineau P, Jobin B & Baril A (1994) A Critique of the Avian 5-Day Dietary Test (LC50) as the Basis of Avian Risk Assessment. Technical Report Series 215. Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa (CA).
32. Mineau P, Baril A, Collins BT, Duffe J, Joerman G & Luttik R (2001) Pesticide acute toxicity reference values for birds. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 170, 13-74.
33. OECD (1996) Report of the SETAC/OECD Workshop on Avian Toxicity Testing. OECD Environmental Health and Safety Publications, Series on Testing and Assessment no. 5. OECD/GD(96)166. OECD, Paris (FR).
34. OEPP/EPPO (1994) Decision-making scheme for the environmental risk assessment of plant protection products. Chapter 11 Terrestrial Vertebrates. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 24, 1-87.
35. OEPP/EPPO (1995) Guideline for the evaluation of side-effects of plant protection products - Non-target effects of rodenticides. Bulletin OEPPI EPPO Bulletin 25, 553-574.
36. Pascual JA, Fryday SL & Hart ADM (1999) Effects of food restriction on food avoidance and risk of acute poisoning of captive feral pigeons from fonofos-treated seeds. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 37, 115-124.
37. Pfleeger TG, Fong A, Hayes R, Ratsch H & Wickliff C (1996) Field evaluation of the EPA (Kenaga) nomogram, a method for estimating wildlife exposure to pesticide residues on plants. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 15, 535-543.
38. SCP (2002) Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Plants on the Draft Guidance Document on Risk Assessment for Birds and Mammals Under Directive 91/414/EEC. European Commission SCP/GUIDE-B & M/002-final, 25 April 2002. EU, Brussels (BE).
39. Somerville L & Walker CH (eds) (1990) Pesticide Effects on Terrestrial Wildlife. Taylor & Francis, London (GB).
40. Urban DJ & Cook NJ (1986) Hazard Evaluation Division, Standard Evaluation Procedure, Ecological Risk Assessment. EPA 540/9-85-001. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington (US).
41. van Straalen NM & Denneman CAJ (1989) Ecotoxicological evaluation of soil quality criteria. Ecoxicology and Environmental Safety 18, 241-251.
42. Wagner C & Løkke H (1991) Estimation of ecotoxicological protection levels from NOEC toxicity data. Water Research 25, 1237-1242.