Modulation by progestogens of the effects of oestrogen on hepatic endocrine function in postmenopausal women

Clinical Endocrinology

Volumn 59, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 690-698

  Nugent, Ailish G ^a   Leung, Kin Chuen ^a   Sullivan, David ^b   Reutens, Anne T ^a   Ho, Ken K Y ^a,c  

^a ST VINCENT S HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b ROYAL PRINCE ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^c GARVAN INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL RESEARCH   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; CYPROTERONE ACETATE; DYDROGESTERONE; ESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN; GESTAGEN; GROWTH HORMONE BINDING PROTEIN; LIPOPROTEIN A; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; NORETHISTERONE; PROGESTERONE; SEX HORMONE BINDING GLOBULIN; SOMATOMEDIN C; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFECT; ENDOCRINE FUNCTION; ESTROGEN THERAPY; FEMALE; HORMONE ACTION; HUMAN; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIVER METABOLISM; NORMAL HUMAN; POSTMENOPAUSE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CARRIER PROTEINS; CYPROTERONE ACETATE; DYDROGESTERONE; ESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ESTROGENS, CONJUGATED (USP); FEMALE; HUMANS; INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I; LIPIDS; LIVER; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE 17-ACETATE; MIDDLE AGED; NORETHINDRONE; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROGESTINS; SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN;

EID: 0344082654     PISSN: 03000664     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.2003.01907.x     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Baumann, G. (1994) Growth hormone heterogeneity: genes, isoforms variants, and binding proteins. Endocrine Review, 12, 424-449.
2. Baumann, G., Amburn, K.D. & Buchanan, T.A. (1987) The effect of circulating growth hormone-binding protein on metabolic clearance, distribution and degradation of human growth hormone. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 64, 657-660.
3. Carbone, A. & Vecchio, F.M. (1986) Presence of cytoplasmic progesterone receptors in hepatic adenomas. A report of 2 cases. Americal Journal of Clinical Pathology, 85, 325-329.
4. Carroll, P.V., Christ, E.R., Bengtsson, B.A., Carlsson, L., Christiansen, J.S., Clemmons, D., Hintz, R., Ho, K.K.Y., Laron, Z., Sizonenko, P., Sonksen, P.H., Tanaka, T. & Thorner, M.O. (1998) Growth hormone deficiency in adulthood and the effects of growth hormone replacement: a review. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 83, 382-395.
5. Croston, G.E., Milan, L.B., Marschke, K.B., Reichman, M. & Briggs, M.R. (1997) Androgen receptor-mediated antagonism of estrogen-dependent low density lipoprotein receptor transcription in cultured hepatocytes. Endocrinology, 138, 3779-3786.
6. Duffy, M.J. & Duffy, G.J. (1978) Estradiol receptors in human liver. Journal of Steroidal Biochemistry, 9, 233-235.
7. Graham, J.D. & Clarke, C.L. (1997) Physiological action of progesterone in target tissues. Endocrine Reviews, 18, 502-519.
8. Grizzle, J.E. (1965) The two-period change-over design and its use in clinical trials. Biometrics, 21, 467-480.
9. Henzl, M.R. & Edwards, J.A. (2000) Pharmacology of progestins: 17a-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives and progestins of the first and second generation. In: Progestins and Antiprogestins in Clincial Practice (eds. Sitruk-Ware, R. & Mishel Jnr., D.R.), pp. 101-132. Marcel Dekker Inc, New York.
10. Hirvonen, E., Malkonen, M. & Manninen, V. (1981) Effects of different progestogens on lipoproteins during menopausal replacement therapy. New England Journal of Medicine, 304, 560-563.
11. Hoffman, D.M., O'Sullivan, A.J., Baxter, R.C. & Ho, K.K.Y. (1994) Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in adults. Lancet, 343, 1064-1068.
12. Hoffman, D.M., O'Sullivan, A.J., Freund, J. & Ho, K.K.Y. (1995) Adults with growth hormone deficiency have abnormal body composition but normal energy metabolism. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 80, 72-77.
13. Hsueh, A.J.W., Peck, E.J. & Clark, J.H. (1976) Control of uterine estrogen receptor levels by progesterone. Endocrinology, 98, 438-444.
14. Kelly, J.J., Rajkovic, I.A., O'Sullivan, A.J., Sernia, C. & Ho, K.K.Y. (1993) Effects of different oestrogen formulations on insulin-like growth factor-1, growth hormone and growth hormone binding protein in post-menopausal women. Clinical Endocrinology, 39, 561-567.
15. King, R.J. & Whitehead, M.I. (1986) Assesment of the potency of orally administered progestins in women. Fertility and Sterility, 46, 1062-1066.
16. Kuhl, H. (1990) Pharmacokinetics of oestrogens and progestogens. Maturitas, 171-197.
17. Leung, K.C. & Ho, K.K.Y. (1997) Stimulation of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation by growth hormone in human fibrobasts. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 82, 4208-4213.
18. Lim, L., Spencer, S.A., McKay, P. & Waters, M.J. (1990) Regulation of growth hormone (GH) bioactivity by a recombinant human GH-binding protein. Endocrinology, 127, 1287-1291.
19. Lindgren, R., Berg, G., Hammar, M., Larsson-Cohn, U. & Olsson, A.G. (1992) Plasma lipid and lipoprotein effects of transdermal administration of estradiol and estradiol/norethisterone acetate. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Reproduction Biology, 47, 213-221.
20. Lobo, R.A. (1991) Effects of hormonal replacement on lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology, 73, 925-930.
21. Miller, V.T., Meusing, R.A., LaRosa, J.C., Stoy, D.E., Phillips, E.A. & Stillman, R.J. (1991) Effects of conjugated equine estrogen with and without three different progestogens on lipoproteins, high-density lipoprotein subfractions. & apolipoprotein A-I. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 77, 235-240.
22. Nagasue, N., Ito, A., Yukawa, H. & Ogawa, Y. (1985) Androgen receptors in heptocellular carcinoma and surrounding parenchyma. Gastroenterology, 89, 643-647.
23. Nagasue, N., Kohno, H., Yamanoi, A., Kimoto, T., Chang, Y.C. & Nakamura, T. (1991) Progesterone receptor in hepatocellular carcinoma. Correlation with androgen and estrogen receptors. Cancer, 67, 2501-2505.
24. O'Sullivan, A.J., Crampton, L., Freund, J. & Ho, K.K.Y. (1998) Route of estrogen replacement confers divergent effects on energy metabolism and body composition in postmenopausal women. Journal of Clinical Investigations, 102, 1035-1040.
25. Pansini, F., Albertazzi, P., Bonaccorsi, G., Zanotti, L., Camposso, C., Vigna, G., Pisati, R. & Mollica, G. (1994) Hormone replacement therapy and lipds: is transdermal norethisterone acetate better than oral medroxyprogesterone acetate? Menopause, 1, 119-123.
26. Rajkovic, I.A., Valiontis, E. & Ho, K.K.Y. (1994) Direct quantitation of growth hormone binding protein in human serum by a ligand immunofunctional assay: comparison with immunoprecipitation and chromatography methods. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 78, 772-777.
27. Rijpkema, A.H.M., van der Sanden, A.A. & Ruijs, A.H.C. (1990) Effect of post-menopausal oestrogen-progestogen replacemnt therapy on serum lipids and lipoproteins. Maturitas, 12, 259-285.
28. Siddle, N.C., Jesinger, D.K., Whitehead, M.I., Turner, P., Lewis, B. & Prescott, P. (1990) Effect of plasma lipids and lipoproteins of post-menopausal oestrogen therapy with added dydrogesterone. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 97, 1093-1100.
29. Skafar, D.F., Xu, R., Morales, J., Ram, J. & Sowers, J.R. (1997) Female sex hormone and cardiovascular disease in women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 82, 3913-3918.
30. Stanczyk, F.Z. (1994) Structure-Function Relationships, Potency and Pharmacokinetics of Progestogens. Treatment of the postmenopausal women. Raven Press, New York.
31. Sutherland, R.L., Hall, R.E., Pang, G.Y.N., Musgrove, E.A. & Clark, C.L. (1988) Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate on proliferation and cell cycle kinetics of human mammary carcinma cells. Cancer Research, 48, 5084-5091.
32. Walsh, B.W., Schiff, I., Rosner, B., Greenberg, L., Ravnikar, V. & Sacks, F.M. (1991) Effects of post-menopausal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. New England Journal of Medicine, 325, 1196-1204.
33. Weissberger, A.J., Ho, K.Y. & Lazarus, L. (1991) Contrasting effects of oral and transdermal routes of estrogen replacement therapy on 24-hour growth hormone (GH) secretion, insulin-like growth factor 1 and GH binding protein in post-menopausal women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 72, 374-381.
34. Williams, D.B. & Moley, K.H. (1994) Progestin replacement in the menopause: effects on the endometrium and serum lipids. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6, 284-292.
35. Wolthers, T., Hoffman, D.M., Nugent, A.G., Duncan, M.M. & Ho, K.K.Y. (2001) Oral estrogen therapy impairs the metabolic effects of growth hormone (GH) in GH deficient women. American Journal of Physiology, 281, E1191-E1196.
36. Writing Group for the PEPI Trial. (1995) Effects of estrogen or estrogen/ progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. Journal of the American Medical Association, 273, 199-208.