메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 255-277

Nature of indexing: How humans and machines analyze messages and texts for retrieval. Part II: Machine indexing, and the allocation of human versus machine effort

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DATA REDUCTION; DATA STRUCTURES; HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION; INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; USER INTERFACES;

EID: 0343832451     PISSN: 03064573     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0306-4573(00)00046-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (35)

References (56)
  • 2
    • 0032207559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indexing and access for digital libraries and the internet: Human, database, and domain factors
    • Bates M.J. Indexing and access for digital libraries and the internet: Human, database, and domain factors. Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(13):1998;1185-1205.
    • (1998) Journal of the American Society for Information Science , vol.49 , Issue.13 , pp. 1185-1205
    • Bates, M.J.1
  • 3
    • 84976680153 scopus 로고
    • Information filtering and information retrieval: Two sides of the same coin?
    • Belkin N.J., Croft W.B. Information filtering and information retrieval: Two sides of the same coin? Communications of the ACM. 35(12):1992;29-38.
    • (1992) Communications of the ACM , vol.35 , Issue.12 , pp. 29-38
    • Belkin, N.J.1    Croft, W.B.2
  • 5
    • 0032097022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orthography as a fundamental impediment to online information retrieval
    • Brooks T.A. Orthography as a fundamental impediment to online information retrieval. Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(8):1998;731-741.
    • (1998) Journal of the American Society for Information Science , vol.49 , Issue.8 , pp. 731-741
    • Brooks, T.A.1
  • 6
    • 0029304653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TREC and TIPSTER experiments with inquiry
    • 343
    • Callan, J. P., Croft, W. B., & Broglio, J. (1995). TREC and TIPSTER experiments with inquiry. Information Processing and Management, 31(3), 327-332, 343. Reprinted in: K. Sparck Jones, P. Willet (Eds.), Readings in information retrieval (pp. 436-439). San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman, c1997.
    • (1995) Information Processing and Management , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 327-332
    • Callan, J.P.1    Croft, W.B.2    Broglio, J.3
  • 7
    • 0029304653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reprinted in: (Eds.), San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman
    • Callan, J. P., Croft, W. B., & Broglio, J. (1995). TREC and TIPSTER experiments with inquiry. Information Processing and Management, 31(3), 327-332, 343. Reprinted in: K. Sparck Jones, P. Willet (Eds.), Readings in information retrieval (pp. 436-439). San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman, c1997.
    • (1997) Readings in Information Retrieval , pp. 436-439
    • Sparck Jones, K.1    Willet, P.2
  • 8
    • 0142093775 scopus 로고
    • Using an n-gram-based document representation with a vector processing retrieval model
    • In D. Harman (Ed.), 2-3 November 1994; Gaithersburg, MD. Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O., (NIST Special Publication; 500-226). ff
    • Cavnar, W. B. (1994). Using an n-gram-based document representation with a vector processing retrieval model. In D. Harman (Ed.), TREC-3: Proceedings of the third Text REtrieval Conference (pp. 269 ff); 2-3 November 1994; Gaithersburg, MD. Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O., (NIST Special Publication; 500-226). http://www.trec.nist.gov/.
    • (1994) TREC-3: Proceedings of the Third Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 269
    • Cavnar, W.B.1
  • 9
    • 0343178463 scopus 로고
    • Indexing: The state of our knowledge and the state of our ignorance
    • Automatic indexing. In (Ed.), 13 May New York. Medford: Learned Information
    • Croft, B. (1989). Automatic indexing. In B. H. Weinberg (Ed.), Indexing: The state of our knowledge and the state of our ignorance: Proceedings of the 20th annual meeting of the American Society of Indexers (pp. 86-100); 13 May 1988, New York. Medford: Learned Information.
    • (1988) Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Indexers , pp. 86-100
    • Croft, B.1    Weinberg, B.H.2
  • 12
    • 0002590259 scopus 로고
    • Rules of indexing: A critique of mentalism in information retrieval theory
    • Frohmann B. Rules of indexing: A critique of mentalism in information retrieval theory. Journal of Documentation. 46(2):1990;81-101.
    • (1990) Journal of Documentation , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 81-101
    • Frohmann, B.1
  • 16
    • 0342308998 scopus 로고
    • Automatic indexing
    • In R. Fidel, T. B. Hahn, E. M. Rasmussen, P. J. Smith (Eds.), Medford, NJ: Learned Information for the American Society for Information Science
    • Harman, D. (1994). Automatic indexing. In R. Fidel, T. B. Hahn, E. M. Rasmussen, P. J. Smith (Eds.), Challenges in indexing electronic text and images (pp. 247-264). Medford, NJ: Learned Information for the American Society for Information Science.
    • (1994) Challenges in Indexing Electronic Text and Images , pp. 247-264
    • Harman, D.1
  • 17
    • 0037879415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of categories and clusters for organizing retrieval results
    • In T. Strzalkowski (Ed.), Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
    • Hearst, M. (1999). The use of categories and clusters for organizing retrieval results. In T. Strzalkowski (Ed.), Natural language information retrieval (pp. 333-374). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
    • (1999) Natural Language Information Retrieval , pp. 333-374
    • Hearst, M.1
  • 18
    • 0009985056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Philadelphia, PA: National Federation of Abstracting and Information Services
    • Hodge, G. M., & Milstead, J. L. (1998). Computer support to indexing. Philadelphia, PA: National Federation of Abstracting and Information Services.
    • (1998) Computer Support to Indexing
    • Hodge, G.M.1    Milstead, J.L.2
  • 19
    • 0346346046 scopus 로고
    • Acquaintance: Language-independent document categorization by n-grams
    • In D. Harman (Ed.), 1-3 November 1995; Gaitherburg, MD. Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O. (NIST Special Publication; 500-236) ff
    • Huffman, S. (1995). Acquaintance: Language-independent document categorization by n-grams. In D. Harman (Ed.), TREC-4: Proceedings of the fourth Text REtrieval Conference (pp. 269 ff); 1-3 November 1995; Gaitherburg, MD. Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O. (NIST Special Publication; 500-236) http://www.trec.nist.gov/.
    • (1995) TREC-4: Proceedings of the Fourth Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 269
    • Huffman, S.1
  • 21
    • 0009985247 scopus 로고
    • Knowledge-based systems for indexing
    • In R. Fidel, T. B. Hahn, E. M. Rasmussen, P. J. Smith (Eds.), Medford, NJ: Learned Information for the American Society for Information Science
    • Humphrey, S. M. (1994). Knowledge-based systems for indexing. In R. Fidel, T. B. Hahn, E. M. Rasmussen, P. J. Smith (Eds.), Challenges in indexing electronic text and images (pp. 161-175). Medford, NJ: Learned Information for the American Society for Information Science.
    • (1994) Challenges in Indexing Electronic Text and Images , pp. 161-175
    • Humphrey, S.M.1
  • 22
    • 0004353660 scopus 로고
    • Institute for Scientific Information Philadelphia: ISI
    • Institute for Scientific Information (1961-1999). Science citation index. Philadelphia: ISI.
    • (1961) Science Citation Index
  • 23
    • 0011461110 scopus 로고
    • Institute for Scientific Information Philadelphia: ISI
    • Institute for Scientific Information (1969-1999). Social sciences citation index. Philadelphia: ISI.
    • (1969) Social Sciences Citation Index
  • 24
    • 0343613915 scopus 로고
    • Institute for Scientific Information Philadelphia: ISI
    • Institute for Scientific Information (1976-1999). Arts and humanities citation index. Philadelphia: ISI.
    • (1976) Arts and Humanities Citation Index
  • 25
    • 0000406753 scopus 로고
    • Bibliographic coupling between scientific papers
    • Kessler M.M. Bibliographic coupling between scientific papers. American Documentation. 14(1):1963;10-25.
    • (1963) American Documentation , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-25
    • Kessler, M.M.1
  • 28
    • 0027766985 scopus 로고
    • Viewing morphology as an inference process
    • In R. Korfhage, E. Rasmussen, P. Willett (Eds.), 27 June-1 July 1993; Pittsburgh, PA. New York, Association for Computing Machinery. (Also available as UMass technical report TR-93-35)
    • Krovetz, R. (1993). Viewing morphology as an inference process. In R. Korfhage, E. Rasmussen, P. Willett (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th annual international ACM-SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval (pp. 191-202); 27 June-1 July 1993; Pittsburgh, PA. New York, Association for Computing Machinery. (Also available as UMass technical report TR-93-35).
    • (1993) Proceedings of the 16th Annual International ACM-SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval , pp. 191-202
    • Krovetz, R.1
  • 29
    • 84995594970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personal correspondence to J. Pérez-Carballo
    • Krovetz, R. (1999). Personal correspondence to J. Pérez-Carballo.
    • (1999)
    • Krovetz, R.1
  • 30
    • 84965521934 scopus 로고
    • Champaign, IL: University of Illinois, Graduate School of Library and Information Science; 1991. A 2nd ed. was published in 1998
    • Lancaster, F. W. (1991, 1998). Indexing and abstracting in theory and practice. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois, Graduate School of Library and Information Science; 1991. A 2nd ed. was published in 1998.
    • (1991) Indexing and Abstracting in Theory and Practice
    • Lancaster, F.W.1
  • 31
    • 0342743920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indexing using both n-grams and words
    • In E. M. Voorhees, D. Harman (Eds.) 9-11 November 1998; Gaithersburg, MD. Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O. (NIST Special Publication; 500-242)
    • Mayfield, J., & McNamee, P. (1998). Indexing using both n-grams and words. In E. M. Voorhees, D. Harman (Eds.) TREC-7: Proceedings of the seventh Text REtrieval Conference; (pp. 419-424); 9-11 November 1998; Gaithersburg, MD. Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O. (NIST Special Publication; 500-242). http://www.trec.nist.gov/.
    • (1998) TREC-7: Proceedings of the Seventh Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 419-424
    • Mayfield, J.1    McNamee, P.2
  • 32
    • 0343178433 scopus 로고
    • Methodologies for subject analysis in bibliographic databases
    • Milstead J.L. Methodologies for subject analysis in bibliographic databases. Information Processing and Management. 28(3):1992;407-431.
    • (1992) Information Processing and Management , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 407-431
    • Milstead, J.L.1
  • 33
    • 0030216658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Method for evaluation of stemming algorithms based on error counting
    • Paice C.D. Method for evaluation of stemming algorithms based on error counting. Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 47(8):1996;632-649.
    • (1996) Journal of the American Society for Information Science , vol.47 , Issue.8 , pp. 632-649
    • Paice, C.D.1
  • 35
    • 0012046291 scopus 로고
    • Philadelphia: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
    • Salton, G. (1975). A theory of indexing. Philadelphia: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
    • (1975) A Theory of Indexing
    • Salton, G.1
  • 37
    • 0342308975 scopus 로고
    • The SMART and SIRE experimental retrival systems
    • Reprinted in: K. Sparck Jones, P. Willett (Eds.), San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman;
    • Salton, G., & McGill, M. J. (1983b) The SMART and SIRE experimental retrival systems. Reprinted in: K. Sparck Jones, P. Willett (Eds.), Readings in information retrieval (pp. 118-155). San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman; c1987.
    • (1983) Readings in Information Retrieval , pp. 118-155
    • Salton, G.1    McGill, M.J.2
  • 38
    • 45549117987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Term weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval
    • Salton, G., & Buckley, C. (1988). Term weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval. Information Processing and Management, 24(5), 513-523. Reprinted in: K. Sparck Jones, P. Willett (Eds.), Readings in information retrieval (pp. 323-328). San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman.
    • (1988) Information Processing and Management , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 513-523
    • Salton, G.1    Buckley, C.2
  • 39
    • 45549117987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reprinted in: (Eds.), San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman
    • Salton, G., & Buckley, C. (1988). Term weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval. Information Processing and Management, 24(5), 513-523. Reprinted in: K. Sparck Jones, P. Willett (Eds.), Readings in information retrieval (pp. 323-328). San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman.
    • Readings in Information Retrieval , pp. 323-328
    • Sparck Jones, K.1    Willett, P.2
  • 42
    • 0015640298 scopus 로고
    • Co-citation in the scientific literature: A new measure of the relationship between two documents
    • Small H.G. Co-citation in the scientific literature: A new measure of the relationship between two documents. Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 24(4):1973;265-269.
    • (1973) Journal of the American Society for Information Science , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 265-269
    • Small, H.G.1
  • 44
    • 0003155870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is the role of NLP in text retrieval?
    • In T. Strzalkowski (Ed.), Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
    • Sparck Jones, K. (1999). What is the role of NLP in text retrieval? (pp. 1-24) In T. Strzalkowski (Ed.), Natural language information retrieval. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
    • (1999) Natural Language Information Retrieval , pp. 1-24
    • Sparck Jones, K.1
  • 45
    • 0012435995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A probabilistic model of information retrieval: Development and comparative experiments
    • Sparck Jones, K., Walker, S., & Robertson, S.E. (2000). A probabilistic model of information retrieval: Development and comparative experiments. Information Processing and Management, 36(6), 779-840.
    • (2000) Information Processing and Management , vol.36 , Issue.6 , pp. 779-840
    • Sparck Jones, K.1    Walker, S.2    Robertson, S.E.3
  • 46
    • 0029275211 scopus 로고
    • Term relevance feedback and mediated database searching: Implications for information retrieval practice and systems design
    • Spink A. Term relevance feedback and mediated database searching: Implications for information retrieval practice and systems design. Information Processing and Management. 31(2):1995;161-171.
    • (1995) Information Processing and Management , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 161-171
    • Spink, A.1
  • 48
    • 33745613692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural language information retrieval: TREC-6 report
    • In E. M. Voorhees, D. Harman (Eds.), 19-21 November 1997; Gaithersburg, MD Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O. (NIST special publication; no. 500-240)
    • Strzalkowski, T., Lin, F., & Pérez-Carballo, J. (1997). Natural language information retrieval: Trec-6 report. In E. M. Voorhees, D. Harman (Eds.), Information technology: The sixth Text REtrieval Conference (TREC-6) (pp. 209-228); 19-21 November 1997; Gaithersburg, MD Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O. (NIST special publication; no. 500-240). http://www.trec.nist.gov/.
    • (1997) Information Technology: The Sixth Text REtrieval Conference , vol.6 , pp. 209-228
    • Strzalkowski, T.1    Lin, F.2    Pérez-Carballo, J.3
  • 49
    • 0000365299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating natural language processing techniques in information retreival
    • In T. Strzalkowski (Ed.), Dordrecht: Kluwer Acadmeic Publishers
    • Strzalkowski, T., Lin, F., Wang, J., & Pérez-Carballo, J. (1999). Evaluating natural language processing techniques in information retreival. In T. Strzalkowski (Ed.), Natural language information retrieval (pp. 113-145). Dordrecht: Kluwer Acadmeic Publishers.
    • (1999) Natural Language Information Retrieval , pp. 113-145
    • Strzalkowski, T.1    Lin, F.2    Wang, J.3    Pérez-Carballo, J.4
  • 50
    • 0029706582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural language information retrieval in digital libraries
    • In E. A. Fox, G. Marchionini (Eds.), 20-23 March 1996; Bethesda, MD. New York: Association for Computing Machinery
    • Strzalkowski, T., Pérez-Carballo, J., & Marinescu, M. (1996). Natural language information retrieval in digital libraries. In E. A. Fox, G. Marchionini (Eds.), Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on digital libraries (pp. 117-125); 20-23 March 1996; Bethesda, MD. New York: Association for Computing Machinery.
    • (1996) Proceedings of the First ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries , pp. 117-125
    • Strzalkowski, T.1    Pérez-Carballo, J.2    Marinescu, M.3
  • 51
    • 24544454472 scopus 로고
    • Text Retrieval Conferences
    • TREC In E. M. Voorhees, D. Harman (Eds.), 1992-1999 Gaithersburg, MD. Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Gaithersburg MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O
    • TREC (1992-1999). Text Retrieval Conferences. In E. M. Voorhees, D. Harman (Eds.), Proceedings of the Text Retrieval Conferences 1-8; 1992-1999; Gaithersburg, MD. Co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Gaithersburg MD: US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Washington, DC: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., US G.P.O. http://www.trec.nist.gov/.
    • (1992) Proceedings of the Text Retrieval Conferences , vol.1 , Issue.8
  • 52
    • 0343178425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indexing after the millennium 3: The indexer as helmsman
    • Wellisch H.H. Indexing after the millennium 3: The indexer as helmsman. The Indexer. 21(2):1998;89.
    • (1998) The Indexer , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 89
    • Wellisch, H.H.1
  • 54
    • 3543147086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent trends in heirarchic document clustering: A critical review
    • Willett P. Recent trends in heirarchic document clustering: A critical review. Information Processing and Management. 24(5):1998;577-597.
    • (1998) Information Processing and Management , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 577-597
    • Willett, P.1
  • 55
    • 0013042219 scopus 로고
    • Some fundamental concepts of information retrieval
    • Wilson, P. (1978). Some fundamental concepts of information retrieval. Drexel Library Quarterly, 14(2), 10-24.
    • (1978) Drexel Library Quarterly , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 10-24
    • Wilson, P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.