Plan G - A 'counterblast'? British policy towards the Messina countries, 1956

Contemporary European History

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 39-60

  Schaad, Martin ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 0343521034     PISSN: 09607773     EISSN: 14692171     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0960777300004756     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. See Churchill's cabinet memorandum C (51) 32, 29 Nov. 1951, in CAB 129/48
2. See also Richard Lamb, The Failure of the Eden Government (London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1987), 87-99
3. The effect of this division on the formulation of Germany's policy on European integration is thoroughly documented. See, for example, Hans-Peter Schwarz, Adenauer: Der Staatsmann: 1952-1967 (Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, 1991), chapters 2 and 3
4. and Hanns-Jürgen Küsters, 'Der Streit urn Kompetenzen und Konzeptionen deutscher Europapolitik, 1949-1959', in L. Herbst, W. Bührer and H. Sowade, eds., Vom Marshallplan zur EWG, die Eingliederung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in die westliche Welt (München: Oldenbourg, 1990), 335-70
5. See EP (55) 11th meeting, 11 Nov. 1955,in CAB 134/1226. The relevant committee of officials had indeed advised against such an approach, claiming that 'an attempt to persuade the six countries to pursue their scheme ... within the OEEC had no chance of success'; see ES (55) 8th meeting, 1 Nov. 1955 in CAB 134/889
6. Frederick Hoyer-Millar (HM Ambassador in Bonn) to FO, quoting official English translation of German reply, 31 Dec. 1956, in FO 371/122044
7. For his claim, see Harold Macmillan, Riding the Storm, 1956-1959 (London: Macmillan, 1971), 74-7
8. Sir Alec Cairncross, Years of Recovery: British Economic Policy 1945-51 (London: Methuen, 1985), 55
9. Note by Clarke, 29 May 1956, in T 234/101, not citing any evidence for the latter claim. The working group had not asked for an FO assessment at this stage
10. For the two articles by Meade, see Manchester Guardian 14 March 1956 and 15 March 1956
11. For the suspicion of official encouragement, see Miriam Camps, Britain and the European Community, 1955-1963 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964)
12. See, for example, Sean Greenwood, Britain and European Cooperation since 1945 (Oxford: Blackwell, 1992), especially chapters 4-6
13. For Adenauer's skilful use of this provision, see Wilhelm Hennis, Richtlinienkompetenz und Regierungstechnik (Tübingen: Mohr, 1964)
14. For a discussion of their plan, see Alan S. Milward, The European Rescue of the Nation State (London: Roudedge, 1992), 358-84
15. Eden to Adenauer, 13 Nov. 1956, quoted in full in Konrad Adenauer, Erinnerungen, 1955-1959 (Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, 1967), 246 (my translation)