Charge transport in mesomorphic phthalocyanines studied by pulse-radiolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity

Applied Organometallic Chemistry

Volumn 10, Issue 8, 1996, Pages 637-647

  Warman, John M ^a   Schouten, Pieter G ^a  

^a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Charge transport; Discotic liquid crystals; Electron tunneling; Microwave conductivity; Molecular electronics; Molecular semiconductors; Molecular wires; Optoelectric materials; Phthalocyanines; Pulse radiolysis

Indexed keywords

EID: 0343257275     PISSN: 02682605     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0739(199610)10:8<637::AID-AOC524>3.0.CO;2-U     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. S. Chandrasekhar, B. K. Sadashiva and K. A. Suresh, Pramana. 9, 471 (1977).
2. S. Chandresekhar, Rep. Prog. Phys. 53, 57 (1990).
3. S. Chandresekhar, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 14, 3 (1993).
4. C. Piechocki, J. Simon, A. Skoulios, D. Guillon and P. Weber. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104, 5245 (1982).
5. J. Simon and P. Bassoul. Phthalocyanine based liquid crystals: towards submicronic devices. In: Phthalocyanines, Properties and Aplications, Vol. II, Leznoff C. C. and Lever. A. B. P. (eds), VCH, New York, 1993, Chap. 6.
6. M. Hanack and M. Lang, Adv. Mater. 6, 819 (1994).
7. G. Wegner, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Crysl. 235, 1 (1993).
8. J. Simon and J.-J. André, Molecular Semiconductors, Springer, Berlin, 1985, Chapter III.
9. R. O. Loufty and Y. C. Cheng, J. Chem. Phys., 73, 2902 (1980).
10. N. N. Usov and V. A. Benderskii, Phys. Status Solidi 20, 481 (1967).
11. N. Boden, R. J. Bushby and J. Clements, J. Chem. Phys. 98, 5920 (1993).
12. G. Kruk, A. Kocot, R. Wrzalik, J. K. Vij, O. Karthaus and H. Ringsdorf, Liq. Cryst. 14, 807 (1993).
13. D. Goldfarb, Z. Luz and H. Zimmermann, J. Phys. 42, 1303 (1981).
14. A. M. Levelut, F. Hardouin, H. Gasparoux, C. Destrade and N. H. Tinh, J. Phys. 42, 147 (1981).
15. W. Kranig, C. Boeffel and H. W. Spiess, Macromolecules 23, 4061 (1990).
16. O. Karthaus, H. Ringsdorf, V. V. Tsukruk and J. H. Wendorf, Langmuir 8, 2279 (1992).
17. E. Fontes, P. A. Heiney, M. Ohba, J. N. Haseltine and A. B. Smith III, Phys. Rev. A 37, 1329 (1988).
18. D. Pressner, H. W. Glötner, H. W. Spiess and K. Müllen, Ber. Busenges. Phys. Chem. 97, 1362 (1993).
19. P. G. Schouten, J. F. van der Pol, J. W. Zwikker, W. Drenth and S. J. Picken, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 195, 291 (1991) idem, ibid. 208, 109 (1991).
20. P. G. Schouten, J. F. van der Pol, J. W. Zwikker, W. Drenth and S. J. Picken, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 195, 291 (1991) idem, ibid. 208, 109 (1991).
21. E. Orthmann and G. Wegner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 25, 1105 (1986).
22. C. Sirlin, L. Bosio and J. Simon, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 379 (1987) idem, ibid. 236 (1988).
23. C. Sirlin, L. Bosio and J. Simon, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 379 (1987) idem, ibid. 236 (1988).
24. T. Sauer and G. Wegner, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 162B, 97 (1988).
25. J. F. van der Pol, J. W. Zwikker, J. M. Warman and M. P. de Haas, Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 109, 208 (1990).
26. A. P. M. Kentgens, B. A. Markies, J. F. van der Pol and R. J. M. Nolte, J. Am. Chem. Soc 112, 8800 (1990).
27. T. Sauer, Macromolecules 26, 2057 (1993).
28. C. F. van Nostrum, A. W. Bosman, G. H. Gelinck, S. J. Picken, P. G. Schouten, J. M. Warman, A. J. Schouten and R. J. M. Nolte, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1120 (1993).
29. P. G. Schouten, J. M. Warman, M. P. de Haas, C. F. van Nostrum, G. H. Gelinck, R. J. M. Nolte, M. J. Copyn, J. W. Zwikker, M. K. Engel, M. Hanack, Y. H. Chang and W. T. Ford, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 6880 (1994).
30. D. D. Eley, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 171, 1 (1990).
31. T. J. Marks, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 29, 857 (1990).
32. G. A. Cox and P. C. Knight, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 7, 146 (1974).
33. N. N. Usov and V. A. Benderskii, Phys. Status Solidi B37, 535 (1970).
34. D. Adam, P. Schumacher, J. Simmerer, L. Häussling, K. Siemensmeyer, K. H. Etzbach, H. Ringsdorf and D. Haarer, Nature (London), 371, 141 (1994).
35. D. Adam, F. Closs, T. D. Frey, D. Funhoff, D. Haarer, H. Ringsdorf, P. Schuhacher and K. Siemensmeyer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 457 (1993).
36. D. Adam, D. Haarer, F. Closs, T. Frey, D. Funhoff, K. Siemensmeyer, P. Schuhmacher and H. Ringsdorf, Ber. Busenges. Phys. Chem. 97, 1366 (1993).
37. P. M. Borsenberger and D. S. Weiss in: Handbook of Imaging Materials, Diamond, A. S. (ed), Dekker, New York, 1991, Chapter 9.
38. P. G. Schouten, J. M. Warman, M. P. de Haas, M. A. Fox and H.-L. Pan, Nature (London), 353, 736 (1991).
39. P. G. Schouten, J. M. Warman, M. P. de Haas, J. F. van der Pol and J. W. Zwikker, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 9028 (1992).
40. P. G. Schouten, J. M. Warman, M. P. de Haas, H.-L. Pan and M. A. Fox, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 235, 115 (1993).
41. P. G. Schouten, PhD Thesis, University of Delft, The Netherlands, 1994.
42. J. F. van der Pol, J. W. Zwikker, R. J. M. Nolte and W. Drenth, Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 107, 615 (1988).
43. J. F. van der Pol, E. Neeleman, J. W. Zwikker, R. J. M. Nolte, W. Drenth, J. Aerts, R. Visser and S. J. Picken, Liq. Cryst. 6, 577 (1989).
44. J. F. van der Pol. PhD Thesis, University of Utrecht, 1990.
45. J. M. Warman and M. P. de Haas. In: Pulse Radiolysis of Irradiated Systems, Tabata, Y. (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1991, Chapter 6.
46. P. P. Infelta, M. P. de Haas and J. M. Warman, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 10, 353 (1977).
47. P. G. Schouten, J. M. Warman and M. P. de Haas, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 9863 (1993).
48. J. M. Warman, M. P. de Haas, J. F. van der Pol and W. Drenth, Chem. Phys. Lett. 164, 581 (1989).
49. P. G. Schouten, J. M. Warman, G. H. Gelinck and M. J. Copyn, J. Phys. Chem. 99, 11780 (1995).
50. A. O. Allen, National Bureau of Standards Report No. NSRDS-NBS 58, 1976.
51. J. Casanovas, R. Grob, D. Delacroix, J. P. Fuelfucci and D. Blanc, J. Chem. Phys. 75, 4661 (1981).
52. J. Casanovas, R. Grob, R. Sabattier, J. P. Fuelfucci and D. Blanc, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 15, 2936 (1980).
53. R. C. Alig, S. Bloom and C. W. Struck, Phys. Rev. B, 22, 5565 (1980).
54. H. M. McConnell, J. Chem. Phys. 35, 508 (1961).
55. M. J. Shephard, M. N. Paddon-Row and K. D. Jordan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 5328 (1994).
56. C. Liang and M. D. Newton, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 3199 (1993).
57. L. A. Curtiss, C. A. Naleway and J. R. Miller, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 4050 (1993).
58. S. Larsson and M. Braga, Chem. Phys. 176, 367 (1993).
59. K. Ohta, L. Jacquemin, C. Sirlin, L. Bosio and J. Simon, New J. Chem. 12, 751 (1988).