Duration and adequacy of dialysis. Overview: The science is easy, the ethic is difficult

ASAIO Journal

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 220-224

  Kjellstrand, Carl M ^a  

^a WAKE FOREST SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DISEASES; HEALTH CARE; HEMODIALYZERS; MEDICINE; PATIENT TREATMENT;

TREATMENT TIME;

DIALYSIS;

DIALYSIS; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; KIDNEY CLEARANCE; MEDICAL ETHICS; MORTALITY; REVIEW; UREA CYCLE;

EID: 0343145616     PISSN: 10582916     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00002480-199705000-00018     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. U.S. Renal Data System: USRDS 1995 Annual Data Report, The National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, April 1995.
2. Report on management of renal failure in Europe, XXV, 1994. Nephrol Dial Transpl 11 (suppl. 1): 1996.
3. Japanese Dialysis Registry: 1985, 1986, 1988, 1994. Tokyo, Japanese Society of Nephrology, April, 1994.
4. Charra B, Calemard E, Ruffet M, Chazot C, Terrat JC, Vanel T: Survival as an index of adequacy of dialysis. Kidney Int 41: 1286-1291, 1992.
5. Kjellstrand CM, Hylander B, Collins AC: Mortality on dialysis - On the influence of early start, patient characteristics and transplantation and acceptance rates. Am J Kidney Dis 15: 483-490, 1990.
6. Collins AC, Hanson G, Umen A, Kjellstrand CM, Keshaviah P: Changing the risk-factor demographics in ESRD patients entering hemodialysis and the impact on long-term mortality. Am J Kidney Dis 15: 422-432, 1990.
7. Kjellstrand CM: International comparisons of dialysis survival are meaningless to evaluate differences in dialysis procedures. In: Friedman EA, (ed). Death on Hemodialysis. The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994, 55-68.
8. Held PJ, Levin NW, Randall R, Bovbjerg JD, Pauly MV, Diamond LH: Mortality and duration of hemodialysis treatment. JAMA 265: 871-875, 1991.
9. Charra B, Calemard E, Laurent G: Importance of treatment time and blood pressure control in achieving long-term survival on dialysis. Am J Nephrol 16: 35-44, 1996.
10. Charra B: Dialysis time, what should it be? ASAIO J 43: 000-000, 1996.
11. Port FK: Treatment time for hemodialysis: what should it be? ASAIO J 43: 000-000, 1996.
12. Kjellstrand CM: Short dialysis increases morbidity and mortality. Contrib Nephrol 44: 65-77, 1985.
13. Kjellstrand CM, Shideman JR, Bosl R, Buselmeier TJ: Theoretical aspects and complications of frequent or ultra-efficient short dialysis. Rein et Foie, Maladies de la Nutrion 16B: 375-381, 1974.
14. Lowrie EG, Lew NL: Death risk in hemodialysis patients: the predictive value of commonly measured variables and an evaluation of death rate differences between facilities. Am J Kidney Dis 15: 458-482, 1990.
15. Wing AJ, Broyer M, Bruner FP, Brynger S, Challah RA, Donckerwolcke RA, et al: Combined report on regular dialysis and transplantation in Europe, XIII, 1982. Proc Eur Dial Transpl Assoc 19: 1-69, 1983.
16. Sherman RA, Cody RP, Matera JJ, Rogers ME, Solanchick JC: Deficiencies in delivered hemodialysis due to missed and shortened treatments. Am J Kidney Dis 24: 921-923, 1994.
17. Parker TF: Trends and concepts in the prescription and delivery of dialysis in the United States. Semin Nephrol 12: 267-275, 1992.
18. Skroeder R, Jacobsson S, Kjellstrand P, Boberg U, Kjellstrand CM: K and T covariate with VI hemodialysis: as K increases and T decreases, V also decreases. ASAIO Trans 37: M129-M132, 1991.
19. Kjellstrand C, Skröder R, Cederlöf IO, Ericsson F, Kjellstrand P, Jacobson S: Patient related factors leading to slow urea transfer in the body during dialysis. ASAIO J 40: 164-169, 1994.
20. Pedrini LA, Zereik S, Rasmy S: Causes, kinetics and clinical implications of post-hemodialysis urea rebound. Kidney Int 34: 817-824, 1988.
21. Smye Sw, Dunderdale E, Brownridge G, Will E: Estimation of treatment dose in high-efficiency haemodialysis. Nephron 67: 24-29, 1994.
22. Collins AJ, Kjellstrand CM: Shortening of the hemodialysis procedure and mortality in "healthy" dialysis patients. ASAIO Trans 36: 314-316, 1990.
23. Lowrie EG, Laird NM, Parker TF, Sargent JA: Effect of the hemodialysis prescription on patient morbidity. N Engl J Med 305: 1176-1181, 1981.
24. Gotch FA, Sargent JA: A mechanistic analysis of the National Cooperative Dialysis Study (NCDS). Kidney Int 28: 526-534, 1985.
25. Keshaviah P: Urea kinetic and middle molecule approaches to assessing the adequacy of hemodialysis and CAPD. Kidney Int 43(suppl 40): S28-S38, 1993.
26. Parker TF 3rd, Husni L, Huang W, Lew N, Lowrie EG: Survival of hemodialysis patients in the United States is improved with a greater quantity of dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 23: 670-680, 1994.
27. Anderson B, Hansen JB, Jorgensen J: Survival after nephrectomy. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2: 91-94, 1968.
28. Najarian JS, Chavers BM, McHugh LE, Matas AJ: 20 years or more of follow-up of living kidney donors. Lancet 340: 807-810, 1992.
29. Narkun-Burgess DM, Nolan CR, Norman JE, Page WF, Miller PL, Meyer TW: Forty-five year follow-up after uninephrectomy. Kidney Int 43: 1110-1115, 1993.
30. Kasama R, Koch T, Canals-Navas C, Pitone JM: Vitamin B6 and hemodialysis: the impact of high-flux/high-efficiency dialysis and review of the literature. Am J Kidney Dis 27: 680-686, 1996.
31. Hakim RM, Held PJ, Stannard DC, Wolfe RA, Port FK, Daugirdas JT et al: Effect of the dialysis membrane on mortality of chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 50: 566-570, 1996.
32. Hornberger JC, Chernew M, Petersen J, Garber AM: A multivariate analysis of mortality and hospital admissions with high-flux dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 3: 1227-1237, 1992.
33. Bonomini V, Coli L, Feliciangeli G, Mosconi G, Scolari MP: Long-term results: cellulosic vs. synthetic membranes. In: Bonomini V, Berland Y, (eds). Dialysis Membranes: Structure and Predictions. Contrib Nephrol. Basel, Karger 1995;113:120-134.
34. Bonomini V, Coli L, Feliciangeli G, Nanni A, Scolari MP: Long-term comparative evaluation of synthetic and cellulosic membranes in dialysis. Int J Artif Organs 17: 392-398, 1994.
35. Parker TF 3rd, Wingard RL, Husni L, Ikizler TA, Parker RA, Hakim RM: Effect of the membrane biocompatibility on nutritional parameters in chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 49: 551-556, 1996.
36. Kjellstrand C: High technology medicine and the old: the dialysis example. J Intern Med 239: 195-210, 1996.
37. Kjellstrand C. All elderly patients should be offered dialysis. Geriatr Nephrol Urol in press.
38. Sidel VW: Towards a better world: the international arms trade and its impact on health. Br Med J 311: 1677-1680, 1995.