Above-threshold analysis of second-order circular-grating DFB lasers

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 259-267

  Shams Zadeh Amiri, Ali M ^a   Xun, Li ^b   Huang, Wei Ping ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

^b MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARRIER CONCENTRATION; DIFFRACTION GRATINGS; GREEN'S FUNCTION; MAXWELL EQUATIONS; PHOTONS; REFRACTIVE INDEX; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS;

ABOVE THRESHOLD ANALYSIS; CIRCULAR GRATINGS; COUPLED MODE THEORY; PHOTON DENSITY; STANDING WAVE METHOD; SURFACE EMITTING LASERS;

DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACK LASERS;

EID: 0342758489     PISSN: 00189197     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/3.825871     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. C. Wu, M. Svilans, M. Fallahi, T. Makino, J. Glinski, C. Maritan, and C. Blaauw, "Optically pumped surface-emitting DFB GaInAs/InP lasers with circular grating," Electron, Lett., vol. 27, pp. 1819-1820, 1991.
2. T. Erdogan, O. King, G. W. Wicks, and D. G. Hall, "Circularly symmetric operation of a concentric-circle grating, surface emitting, AlGaAs/GaAs quantum-well semiconductor laser," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 60, pp. 1921-1923, 1992.
3. C. Wu, M. Svilans, M. Fallahi, I. Templeton, T. Makino, J. Glinski, R. Maciejko, S. I. Najafi, and C. Maritan, "Room temperature operation of electrically pumped surface-emitting circular grating DBR laser," Electron. Lett., vol. 28, pp. 1037-1039, 1992.
4. M. Fallahi, F. Chatenoud, M. Dion, I. Templeton, R. Barber, and J. Thompson, "Circular-grating surface-emitting distributed Bragg reflector lasers on an InGaAs-GaAs structure for 0.98-mm applications," IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron., vol. 1, pp. 382-386, 1995.
5. R. H. Jordan, D. G. Hall, O. King, G. Wicks, and S. Rishton, "Lasing behavior of circular grating surface-emitting semiconductor lasers," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 14, pp. 449-453, 1997.
6. C. Olson, P. L. Greene, G. W. Wicks, and D. G. Hall, "Higher-order azimuthal spatial modes of concentric-circle-grating surface-emitting semiconductor lasers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 72, no. 11, pp. 1284-1286, Mar. 1998.
7. S. Kristjánsson, N. Eriksson, S. J. Sheard, and A. Larsson, "Circular grating-coupled surface-emitters with high-quality focused output beam," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 11, pp. 497-499, 1999.
8. T. Erdogan and D. G. Hall, "Circularly symmetric distributed feedback semiconductor laser: An analysis," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 68, pp. 1435-1444, Aug. 1990.
9. _, "Circularly symmetric distributed feedback lasers: Coupled mode treatment of TE vector fields," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 28, pp. 612-623, Mar. 1992.
10. T. Makino and C. Wu, "Circular grating DFB and DBR semiconductor lasers: Threshold current analysis," Opt. Commun., vol. 90, pp. 297-300, 1992.
11. C. Wu, T. Makino, S. I. Najafi, R. Maciejko, M. Svilans, J. Glinski, and M. Fallahi, "Threshold gain and threshold current analysis of circular grating DFB and DBR lasers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 29, pp. 2596-2606, Oct. 1993.
12. X. M. Gong, A. K. Chan, and H. F. Taylor, "Lateral mode discrimination in surface emitting DBR lasers with cylindrical symmetry," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 30, pp. 1212-1218, May 1994.
13. K. J. Kasunic and M. Fallahi, "Gain saturation in circular-grating distributed-feedback semiconductor lasers," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 14, pp. 2147-2152, 1997.
14. R. H. Jordan and D. G. Hall, "Radiation from an annular grating on a planar optical waveguide," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 65, no. 25, pp. 3423-3425, Dec. 20, 1993.
15. _, "Radiation from concentric-circle grating, surface-emitting planar waveguides: The volume current method," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 64, no. 23, June 6, 1994.
16. _, "Highly directional surface emission from concentric-circle gratings of planar optical waveguides: The Held expansion method," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 84-94, 1995.
17. C. Olson and D. G. Hall, "Radiation patterns of higher azimuthal order spatial modes from a concentric-circle-graling waveguide cavity using the volume-current method," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 2248-2307, 1998.
18. A. M. Shams-Zadeh-Amiri and W. P. Huang, "Radiation effects in the investigation of threshold gain and threshold current of circular-grating surface-emitting lasers," in SPIE Conf. Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices, San Jose, CA, Feb. 1997, presented, pp. 215-228.
19. X. Li and W. P. Huang, "Analysis of frequency chirp in DFB lasers integrated with external modulators," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 2756-2766, 1994.
20. W. P. Huang, X. Li, and T. Makino, "Analytical formulas for modulation responses of semiconductor DFB lasers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 842-851, 1995.
21. X. Li and W. P. Huang, "Simulation of DFB semiconductor lasers incorporating thermal effects," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 31, pp. 1848-1855, Oct. 1995.
22. R. F. Harrington, Time Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1961, p. 463.
23. Y. Champagne and N. McCarthy, "Global excess spontaneous emission factor of semiconductor lasers with axially varying characteristics," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 28, pp. 128-135, Jan. 1992.
24. C. H. Henry, "Theory of spontaneous emission noise in open resonators and its applications to lasers and optical amplifiers," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. LT-4, no. 3, pp. 288-297, 1986.
25. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Electrodynamics of Continuous Media. Oxford. U.K.: Pergamon Press, 1984, pp. 272-276.
26. K. Petermann, Laser Diode Modulation and Noise. Norwell, MA: Kluwer, 1991, pp. 306-307.
27. W. Elsäßer and E. O. Göbel, "Einstein relations for gain-guided semiconductor lasers," Electron. Lett., vol. 19, pp. 335-336, Apr. 1983.
28. K. Petermann, "Calculated spontaneous emission factor for double-heterostructure injection lasers with gain-induced waveguiding," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-15, pp. 566-570, July 1979.
29. I. M. Zhang and J. E. Carrol, "Large-signal dynamic model of DFB lasers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 28, pp. 604-611, Mar. 1992.
30. R. E. Collin, Antenna Theory and Radio Wave Propagation, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1989, pp. 164-169.
31. B. Davies, Integral Transforms and Their Applications. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1985, pp. 239-240.
32. C. H. Henry, R. F. Kazarinov, R. A. Logan, and R. Yen, "Observation of destructive interference in the radiation loss of second-order distributed feedback lasers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-21, pp. 151-154, Feb. 1985.