Intramedullary pressure and bone marrow fat intravasation in unreamed femoral nailing

Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care

Volumn 42, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 946-954

  Kröpfl, Albert ^a   Berger, Udo ^a   Neureiter, Hans ^a   Hertz, Harald ^a   Schlag, Günther ^b  

^a Unfallkrankenhaus Salzburg   (Austria)

^b Ludwig Boltzman Inst Exp Clin T   (Austria)

Author keywords

Bone marrow fat embolization; Intramedullary pressure; Unreamed femoral nailing

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FAT EMBOLISM; FEMUR FRACTURE; FRACTURE EXTERNAL FIXATION; HUMAN; INTRAMEDULLARY NAILING; LUNG COMPLIANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; RISK FACTOR; STRESS; WEIGHT BEARING;

EID: 0342378147     PISSN: 00225282     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00005373-199705000-00028     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Küntscher G. Practice of Intramedullary Nailing. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C Thomas; 1967.
2. Kempf I, Grosse A, Beck G. Closed locked intramedullary nailing: its application to comminuted fractures of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1985;67:709.
3. Kyle RF, Schaffhausen JM, Bechtold JE. Biomechanical characteristics of interlocking femoral nails in the treatment of complex femoral fractures. Clin Orthop. 1991;267:169.
4. O'Brien PJ, Meek RN, Powell JN, et al. Primary intramedullary nailing of open femoral shaft fractures. J Trauma. 1991;31:113.
5. Behrman SW, Fabian TC, Kudsk KA, et al. Improved outcome with femur fractures: Early versus delayed fixation. J Trauma. 1990;30:792.
6. Bone LB, Johnson KD, Weigelt J, et al. Early versus delayed stabilization of fractures: a prospective randomized study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1989;71:336.
7. Goris RJA, Gimbrère JSF, van Niekerk JLM, et al. Early osteosynthesis and prophylactic mechanical ventilation in the multitrauma patient. J Trauma. 1982;22:895.
8. Wolinsky PR, Johnson KD. Early ostheosynthesis in the polytrauma patient: pulmonary advantages. Osteo Int. 1995; 3:209.
9. Talucci RC, Manning J, Lampard S, et al. Early intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures: a cause of fat embolism syndrome. Am J Surg. 1983;146:107.
10. Manning JB, Bach AB, Herman CM, et al. Fat release after femur nailing in the dog. J Trauma. 1983;23:322.
11. Nast Kolb D, Waydhas C, Jochum M, et al. Günstigster Operationszeitpunkt für die Versorgung von Femurschaftfrakturen beim Polytrauma'? Chirurg. 1990; 61:259.
12. Pell ACH, Christie J, Keating JF, et al. The detection of fat embolism by transoesophageal echocardiography during reamed intramedullary nailing. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1993; 75:921.
13. Stürmer KM, Schuchardt W. New aspects of closed intramedullary nailing and marrow cavity reaming in animal experiments. II: intramedullary pressure in marrow cavity reaming. Unfallheilkunde. 1980;83:346.
14. Hofmann S, Huemer G, Kratochwill Ch, et al. Pathophysiology of fat embolism in orthopaedic and traumatic surgery. Orthopäde. 1995;24:84.
15. Wenda K, Ritter G, Ahlers J, et al. Detection and effects of bone marrow intravasation during operations in the region of the femoral cavity. Unfallchirurg. 1990;93:56.
16. Wenda K, Runkel M, Degreif J, et al. Pathogenesis and clinical relevance of bone marrow embolism in medullary nailing demonstrated by intraoperative echocardiography. Injury. 1993;24(Suppl 3):73.
17. Wenda K, Runkel M, Rudig L, et al. Influence of bone marrow embolization on the choice of procedure in the stabilization of femur fractures. Orthopäde. 1995;24:151.
18. Pape H-C, Aufm Kolk M, Paffrath T, et al. Primary intramedullary femur fixation in multiple trauma patients with associated lung contusion: a cause of posttraumatic ARDS? J Trauma. 1993;34:540.
19. Pape H-C, Regel G, Dwenger A, et al. Influences of different methods of intramedullary femoral nailing on lung function in patients with multiple trauma. J Trauma. 1993; 35:709.
20. Pape H-C, Dwenger A, Regel G, et al. Pulmonary damage due to intramedullary femoral nailing in severe trauma in sheep: is there an effect from different nailing methods? J Trauma. 1992;33:574.
21. Barie PS, Malik AB. Role of intravascular coagulation and granulocytes in lung vascular injury after bone marrow embolism. Circ Res. 1982;50:830.
22. Biffl WL, Moore EE, Moore FA, et al. Interleukin-8 increases endothelial permeability independent of neutrophils. J Trauma. 1995;39:98.
23. Meade P, Shoemaker WC, Donnelly TJ, et al. Temporal patterns of hemodynamics, oxygen transport, cytokine activity, and complement activity in the development of adult respiratory distress syndrome after severe injury. J Trauma. 1994;36:651.
24. Nuytinck J, Goris R, Weerts J, et al. Acute generalized microvascular injury by activated complement and hypoxia: the basis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure? Br J Exp Pathol. 1986;67:537.
25. Weiland JE, Davies B, Holter JF. Lung neutrophils in the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986;133:218.
26. Cinat M, Waxman K, Vaziri ND, et al. Soluble cytokine receptors and receptor antagonists are sequentially released after trauma. J Trauma. 1995;39:112.
27. 2 and granulocyte elastase after severe trauma: relationship to complications and survival rates. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1989;101:805.
28. Pullicino EA, Carli F, Poole S, et al. The relationship between the circulating concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the acute phase response to elective surgery and accidental injury. Lymphokine Res. 1990;9:231.
29. Roumen RMH, Redl H, Schlag G, et al. Inflammatory mediators in relation to the development of multiple organ failure in patients after severe blunt trauma. Crit Care Med. 1995;23:474.
30. Tan LR, Waxman K, Scannell G, et al. Trauma causes early release of soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor. J Trauma. 1993;34:634.
31. 1-proteinase inhibitor levels in surgery, trauma, and sepsis. J Trauma. 1995;39:381.
32. Kröpfl A, Naglik H, Primavesi C, et al. Unreamed intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures. J Trauma. 1995; 38:717.
33. Cubberly WH, Unterweiser PM, Benjamin D, et al. Metals Handbook. 9th ed. Vol 3. Metals Park, Ohio: American Society for Metals: 1988;372-406.
34. Latta L. Biomechanics of femoral nails. Abstract Symposium Current Concepts in Trauma Care. Park City, Utah: Park Nicollet Medical Foundation; 1992:55-63.
35. Baker SP, O'Neill B, Haddon W, et al. The Injury Severity Score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care. J Trauma. 1974; 14:187.
36. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. The Abbreviated Injury Scale. 1990 Revision. Des Plaines, Ill: Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine: 1990:33-38.
37. Gurd AR. Fat embolism: an aid to diagnosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1970;52:732.
38. Schlag G, v. Sommoggy S. Modifikation des "Gurd-Tests" zur Diagnostik der Fettembolie im Blut. Akt Chir. 1972; 7:347.
39. Wozasek GE, Simon P, Redl H, et al. Intramedullary pressure changes and fat intravasation during intramedullary nailing: an experimental study in sheep. J Trauma. 1994; 36:202.
40. Hopf T, Gleitz M, Hess T. Intramedullary pressure during reaming and nailing of the femur with modern compression interlocking nails: a potential cause of fat embolism? Unfallchirurg. 1994;97:458.
41. Runkel M, Wenda K, Ritter G, et al. Bone healing following unreamed medullary nailing. Unfallchirurg. 1994;97:1.
42. Heim D, Regazzoni P, Tsakiris DA, et al. Intramedullary nailing and pulmonary embolism: does unreamed nailing prevent embolization? An in vivo study in rabbits. J Trauma. 1995;38:899.
43. Pape HC, Dwenger A, Grotz M, et al. Does the reamer type influence the degree of lung dysfunction after femoral nailing following severe trauma? An animal study. J Orthop Trauma. 1994;8:300.
44. Müller C, Frigg R, Pfister U. Effect of flexible drive diameter and reamer design on the increase of pressure in the medullary cavity during reaming. Injury. 1994;24(Suppl 3):40.
45. Peter RE, Selz T, Koestli A. Influence of the reamer shape on intraosseus pressure during closed intramedullary nailing of the unbroken femur. Injury. 1994;24(Suppl 3):48.
46. Braten M, Terjesen T, Rossvoll I. Femoral shaft fractures treated by intramedullary nailing: a follow-up study focussing on problems related to the method. Injury. 1995; 26:379.
47. Brumback RJ, Uwagie-Ero S, Lakatos RP, et al. Intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988;70:1453.
48. Winquist RA, Hansen ST, Clawson DK. Closed intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1984;66:529.
49. Hirschnitz C, Ochsner PE. Clinical importance of fat embolism. Unfallchirurgie. 1996;22:57.
50. Fabian TC, Hoots AV, Stanford DS, et al. Fat embolism syndrome: prospective evaluation in 92 fracture patients. Crit Care Med. 1990;18:42.
51. Ganong RB. Fat emboli syndrome in isolated fractures of the tibia and femur. Clin Orthop. 1993;291:208.