Rotorcraft interactional aerodynamics with fast vortex/fast panel methods

Journal of the American Helicopter Society

Volumn 48, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 223-235

  Wachspress, Daniel A ^a   Quackenbush, Todd R ^a   Boschitsch, Alexander H ^a  

^a Continuum Dynamics Inc ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORRELATION METHODS; GEOMETRY; ROTATION; ROTORS; WAKES;

FAST PANEL METHODS; ROTORCRAFT INTERACTIONAL AERODYNAMICS;

AERODYNAMICS;

EID: 0242610795     PISSN: 00028711     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4050/jahs.48.223     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Quackenbush, T. R., Lam, C.-M.G., and Bliss, D. B., "Vortex Methods for the Computational Analysis of Rotor/Body Interaction," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 39, (4), October 1994.
2. Sheridan, P. F., and Smith, R. P., "Interactional Aerodynamics - A New Challenge to Helicopter Technology," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 25, (1), January 1980.
3. Landgrebe, A. J., Moffitt, R. C., and Clark, D. R., "Aerodynamic Technology for Advanced Rotorcraft," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 22, (2, 3) April and July 1977.
4. Freeman, C. E., and Wilson, J. C., "Rotor Body Interference (ROBIN) Analysis and Test," American Helicopter Society 36th Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., May 1980.
5. Betzina, M. D., Smith, C. A., and Shinoda, P., "Rotor/Body Aerodynamic Interactions," Vertica, Vol. 9, (1), 1985.
6. Norman, T. R., and Yamauchi, G. K., "Full-Scale Investigation of Aerodynamic Interactions Between a Rotor and Fuselage," American Helicopter Society 47th Annual Forum Proceedings, Phoenix, Arizona, May 1991.
7. Brand, A. G., McMahon, H. M., and Komerath, N. M., "Correlations of Rotor/Wake Airframe Interaction Measurements with Flow Visualization Data," American Helicopter Society 46th Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., May 1990.
8. Leishman, J. G., and Bi, N., "Aerodynamic Interactions Between a Rotor and a Fuselage in Forward Flight," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 35, (3), July 1990.
9. Berry, J., and Bettschart, N., "Rotor-Fuselage Interaction: Analysis and Validation with Experiment," American Helicopter Society 53rd Annual Forum Proceedings, Virginia Beach, Virginia, April 29-May 1 1997.
10. Mavris, D. M., Komerath, N. M., and McMahon, H. M., "Prediction of Aerodynamic Rotor-Airframe Interactions in Forward Flight," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 34, (4), October 1989.
11. Rand, O., "Influence of Interactional Aerodynamics on Helicopter Rotor/Fuselage Coupled Response in Hover and Forward Flight," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 34, (4), October 1989.
12. Berry, J. D., and Althoff, S. L., "Inflow Velocity Perturbations Due to Fuselage Effects in the Presence of a Fully Interactive Wake," American Helicopter Society 46th Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., May 1990.
13. Crouse, G. L. Jr., Leishman, J. G., and Bi, N. B., "Theoretical and Experimental Study of Unsteady Rotor/Body Aerodynamic Interactions," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 37, (1), January 1992.
14. Lorber, P. F., and Egolf, T. A., "An Unsteady Helicopter Rotor-Fuselage Aerodynamic Interaction Analysis," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 35 (3) July 1990.
15. Bi, N., and Leishman, J. G., "Analysis of Unsteady Pressures Induced on a Body in the Vicinity of a Rotor," International Technical Specialists' Meeting on Rotorcraft Basic Research, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1991, Paper No. 38.
16. Clark, D. R., and Maskew, B., "A Re-Examination of the Aerodynamics of Hovering Rotors Including the Presence of the Fuselage," International Technical Specialists' Meeting on Rotorcraft Basic Research, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1991, Paper No. 40.
17. Crouse, G. L., and Leishman, J. G., "Interactional Aerodynamics Effects on Rotor Performance in Hover and Forward Flight," American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., June 1992.
18. Bettschart, N., and Gasser, D., "Analysis of Helicopter Rotor-Fuselage Interaction," 20th European Rotorcraft Forum, 1994, Paper No. 14.
19. Charles, B. D., and Hassan, A. A., "Airframe Interference Effects on Rotorcraft BVI," American Helicopter Society 55th Annual Forum Proceedings, Montreal, Canada, May 1999.
20. Narramore, J. C., and Brand, A. G., "Navier-Stokes Correlations to Fuselage Wind Tunnel Test Data," American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., June 1992.
21. Berry, J., Chaffin, M., and Duque, E., "Helicopter Fuselage Aerodynamic Predictions: Navier-Stokes and Panel Method Solutions and Comparison with Experiment," American Helicopter Society Aeromechanics Specialists Conference Proceedings, San Francisco, California, January 1994.
22. Hassan, A., Thompson, T., Duque, E., and Melton, J., "Resolution of Tail Buffet Phenomenon for AH-64DTM Longbow ApacheTM; A Case Study on the Application of a Modern CFD Analysis Tool for Improved Helicopter Aerodynamic Design," American Helicopter Society 53rd Annual Forum Proceedings, Virginia Beach, VA, April 29-May 1 1997.
23. Zori, L. A. J., Mathur, S. R., and Rajagopalan, R. G., "Three-Dimensional Calculations of Rotor-Airframe Interaction in Forward Flight," American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., June 1992
24. Duque, E., and Dimanling, A., "Navier-Stokes Simulation of the RAH-66 Comanche Helicopter," American Helicopter Society Aeromechanics Specialists Conference Proceedings, San Francisco, California, January 1994.
25. Wang, C. M., Bridgeman, J. O., Steinhoff, J. S., and Yonghu, W., "The Application of Computational Vorticity Confinement to Helicopter Rotor and Body Flows," American Helicopter Society 49th Annual Forum Proceedings, St. Louis, Missouri, May 1993.
26. Torok, M. S., and Ream, D. T., "Investigation of Empennage Airloads Induced by a Helicopter Main Rotor Wake," American Helicopter Society 49th Annual Forum Proceedings, St. Louis, Missouri, May 1993.
27. Narramore, J. C., Vadyak, J., and Shrewsbury, G., "Navier-Stokes Computations of the Full V-22 Configuration Using Massively Parallel Computers," American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., June 1996.
28. Bettschart, N., "Rotor Fuselage Interaction: Euler and Navier-Stokes Computations with an Actuator Disk," American Helicopter Society 55th Annual Forum Proceedings, Montreal, Canada, May 1999.
29. Quackenbush, T. R., Keller, J. D., Wachspress, D. A., and Boschitsch, A. H., "Reduced Order Free Wake Modeling for Near Real Time Simulation of Rotorcraft Flight Mechanics," American Helicopter Society 55th Annual Forum Proceedings, Montreal, Canada, May 1999.
30. Quackenbush, T. R., et al., "Computation of Rotor Aerodynamic Loads in Forward Flight Using a Full-Span Free Wake Analysis," AIAA Paper 91-3229 and NASA CR 177611, September 1991 and October 1993.
31. Quackenbush, T. R., Wachspress, D. A., Bliss, D. B., and Ong, C. C., "Helicopter Free Wake Analyses Using Influence Coefficients," NASA CR 177612, Oct. 1993.
32. Quackenbush, T. R., Lam, C.-M. G., Wachspress, D. A., and Bliss, D. B., "Analysis of High Resolution Unsteady Airloads for Helicopter Rotor Blades," American Helicopter Society 50th Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., May 1994.
33. Wachspress, D. A., and Quackenbush, T. R., "Wake Model Requirements for Prediction of BVI Airloads," American Helicopter Society Technical Specialists' Meeting for Rotorcraft Acoustics and Aerodynamics, Williamsburg, VA, October 1997, Paper No. 2 of Session G.
34. Quackenbush, T. R., et al., "A Comprehensive Hierarchical Aeromechanics Rotorcraft Model (CHARM) for General Rotor/Surface Interaction," CDI Report NO. 99-03, January, 1999.
35. Bliss, D. B., Teske, M. E., and Quackenbush, T. R., "A New Methodology for Free Wake Analysis Using Curved Vortex Elements," NASA-CR-3958 Dec. 1987.
36. Scully, M. P., "Computation of Helicopter Rotor Wake Geometry and Its Influence on Rotor Harmonic Airloads," MIT Report No. ASRL TR 178-1, March 1975.
37. Rule, J. A., and Bliss, D. B., "Prediction of Turbulent Trailing Vortex Structure for Rotorcraft Blade-Vortex Interaction," American Helicopter Society 51st Annual Forum Proceedings, Fort Worth, TX, May 1995.
38. Hess, J. L., Review of the Historical Development of Surface Source Methods, Computational Mechanics Publications, Springer-Verlag, 1985, pp. 21-37.
39. Ashby, D. L., Dudley, M. R., and Iguchi, S. K., "Development and Validation of an Advanced Low-Order Panel Method," NASA TM-101024, October 1988.
40. Maskew, B., "Program VSAERO Theory Document," NASA CR 4023, 1987.
41. Morino, L., and Kuo, C.-C., "Subsonic Potential Aerodynamics for Complex Configurations: A General Theory," AIAA Journal, Vol. 12, (2) Feb. 1974.
42. Boschitsch, A. H., Usab, W. J., Jr., and Epstein, R. J., "Fast Lifting Panel Method," AIAA 14th Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, Norfolk, Virginia, June 28-July 1 1999, AIAA Paper 99-3376.
43. Boschitsch, A. H., Curbishley, T. B., Quackenbush, T. R. and Teske, M. E., "A Fast Panel Method for Potential Flows About Complex Geometries," AIAA 34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit, Reno, Nevada, January 1996, AIAA Paper 96-0024.
44. Quackenbush, T. R., Boschitsch, A. H., and Wachspress, D. A., "Fast Analysis Methods for Surface-Bounded Flows with Applications to Rotor Wake Modeling," American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., June 1996.
45. Appel, A. W., "An Efficient Program for Many-Body Simulation," SIAM Journal on Scientific Statistical Computing, Vol. 6, (1), Jan. 1985.
46. Barnes, J., and Hut, P., "A Hierarchical O(NlogN) Force-Calculation Algorithm," Nature, Vol. 324, 1986.
47. Greengard, L., and Rokhlin, V., "A Fast Algorithm for Particle Simulations," Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 73, 1984.
48. Wachspress, D. A., Quackenbush, T. R., and Boschitsch, A. H., "First-Principles, Free-Vortex Wake Model for Helicopters and Tiltrotors," American Helicopter Society 59th Annual Forum Proceedings, Phoenix, AZ, May 2003.
49. Shinoda, P. M., Yeo, H., and Norman, T., "Rotor Performance of a UH-60 Rotor System in the NASA Ames 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel," American Helicopter Society 58th Annual Forum Proceedings, Montreal, Canada, June 11-13, 2002.