The roots of Islamist popularity

Third World Quarterly

Volumn 23, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 1133-1143

  Woltering, Robbert A F L ^a  

^a NONE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CULTURAL INFLUENCE; ISLAMISM; RELIGION;

EID: 0242605232     PISSN: 01436597     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/0143659022000036612     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Among others N Ayubi, Political Islam-Religion and Politics in the Arab World, London: Routledge, 1991;
2. D F Eickelman & J Piscatori, Muslim Politics, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996;
3. J L Esposito, The Islam Threat-Myth or Reality? Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999;
4. and G Kepel, Jihad, Expansion et déclin de l'Islamisme, Paris: Gallimard, folio actuel 90, 2000.
5. D Pipes, 'There are no moderates: dealing with fundamentalist Islam', National Interest, Fall 1995.
6. Eg the Muslim Brothers' call for the legislature to forcibly divorce people critical of settled Islamic values from their wives, or husband, over charges of apostasy.
7. Eg the National Islamic Front, Sudan. See A S Sidahmed, Politics and Islam in Contemporary Sudan, Richmond: Curzon Press, 1997;
8. N Ayubi, Political Islam, pp 108-109;
9. and 'The policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran', Lecture by P Aarts, University of Amsterdam, 1 March 2002.
10. As quoted (from Keyhan, 8 January 1988) in D Pipes, 'The Western mind of radical Islam', in: M Kramer, The Islamic Debate, Tel Aviv: Moshe Dayan Centre, 1997, pp 51-67, 63.
11. Kepel, Jihad, p 17.
12. F Halliday, Islam and the Myth of Confrontation, Religion and Politics in the Middle East, London: IB Taurus, 1995.
13. Ayubi, Political Islam;
14. Eickelman & Piscatori, Muslim Politics;
15. P Fargues, 'Demography and politics in the Arab world', Population: an English Selection, 5, 1993, pp 1-20;
16. Sidahmed, Politics and Islam in Contemporary Sudan. For (sub-)Saharan Africa,
17. see N Levtzion & R L Pouwels, History of Islam in Africa, Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2000.
18. To the point where the British 'shoe-bomb terrotist' Reed tried to avoid detection as an Islamist by leaving empty liquor bottles in his hotel room.
19. Ayubi, Political Islam, ch 6; lecture by J J G Jansen. Amsterdam, 19 November 2001.
20. This example (which compares only partly to Islamism) is particularly interesting when one realises that, within orthodox Jewry, there was initially hardly any support for the Zionist cause: on the contrary, orthodox Jewry rejected Zionism as 'un-religious '. Only after Israel had become a fact did orthodox Jews become involved.
21. One could dwell on the forces which successfully took over the role of religion in the West as 'forces of destruction', which had been and still are creating unimaginable carnage via nationalism, ethnicity and racism. In his article, Lewis fails to mention this. See B Lewis, 'The roots of Muslim rage', Atlantic Monthly, 266, 1990, pp 47-54, 56, 59-60.
22. The Anya Nya rebellion (Sudan) and the Maji Maji rebellion (Kenya) both occurred in the 1950s; the Lord's Resistance Army (Uganda, still active) draws on a hybrid of Christian/Animist spirituality.
23. It should also be noted that clerical authority in the sense of a hierarchical church structure as such is-except for Shi'ism-absent isn Islamic religion.
24. P Chabal & J-P Daloz, Africa Works-Disorder as Political Instrument, London: International African Institute, 1999, ch 5.
25. As quoted in J Iliffe, Africans - The History of a Continent, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995, p 241.
26. Most recently in Zimbabwe. J Jeter, 'Misery drives a desire for change in Zimbabwe', Washington Post, 5 March 2002;
27. and Jeter, 'Young voters pose threat to Mugabe', International Herald Tribune, 1 March 2002.
28. See also P Kennedy, Preparing for the Twenty-first Century, London: Fontana Press, 1993.
29. N Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State - Politics and Society in the Middle East, London: I B Tauris, 1995.
30. Fargues, 'Demography and politics in the Arab world'.
31. P Fargues, 'From demographic explosion to social rupture', Middle East Report, 190, pp 6-10, 1994, p 10.
32. A Palestinian case such as Hamas of course has additional (more important) elements concerning their 'tougher stand' on Israeli occupation.
33. For EnNahda, the case has been different ever since the Tunisian government cracked down on Islamist groups with such force that it can no longer provide public facilities.
34. Eg Tariq al-Bishri, Sayyid Qutb.
35. Lewis,'The roots of Muslim rage'.
36. E Said. Orientalism, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1978.
37. Lewis, 'The roots of Muslim rage'.
38. For a more elaborate discussion of the anachronistic nature of Lewis's latest work, What Went Wrong, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
39. See E Said, 'Impossible histories', Harper's Magazine, July 2002.
40. Lecture by S Zemni, 8 March 2002, University of Amsterdam/International School of Social Sciences and Humanities.
41. From an anonymous conversation in Khartoum, June 2001.