Impacts of golf course construction and operation on headwater streams: Bioassessment using benthic algae

Canadian Journal of Botany

Volumn 81, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 848-858

  Winter, Jennifer G ^a,b   Dillon, Peter J ^a   Paterson, Carolyn ^a   Reid, Ron A ^b   Somers, Keith M ^a  

^a TRENT UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b ONTARIO MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT   (Canada)

Author keywords

Biomonitoring; Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA); Diatoms; Golf courses; Periphyton; Precambrian shield

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA; LAND USE; NUTRITION; PH EFFECTS;

HEADWATER STREAMS; TAXON;

ALGAE;

ALGA; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CONSTRUCTION; ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; GOLF COURSE; STREAM; WATER CHEMISTRY;

CANADA; NORTH AMERICA;

ALGAE; BACILLARIOPHYTA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CHLOROPHYTA; CYANOBACTERIA; EUKARYOTA;

EID: 0242456771     PISSN: 00084026     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/b03-081     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Anagnostidis, K. 1988. Modern approach to the classification system of cyanophytes 3: Oscillatoriales. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 80: 327-472.
2. Anderson, M.J. 2001. A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecol. 26: 32-46.
3. Bahls, L.L. 1993. Periphyton bioassessment methods for Montana streams. Montana Water Quality Bureau, Department of Health and Environmental Science, Helena, Mont.
4. Beaver, J. 1981. Apparent ecological characteristics of some common freshwater diatoms. Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, Ont.
5. Biggs, B.J.F. 1990. Periphyton communities and their environments in New Zealand rivers. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 24: 367-386.
6. Dillard, G.E. 1989. Freshwater algae of the southeastern United States. Part 2. Chlorophyceae: Ulotrichales, Microsporales, Cylindrocapsales, Sphaeropleales, Chaetophorales, Cladophorales, Schizogoniales, Siphonales and Oedogoniales. Bibl. Phycol. Band 83. J. Cramer, Stuttgart.
7. Dillard, G.E. 1999. Common freshwater algae of the United States: an illustrated key to the genera (excluding the diatoms). J. Cramer, Stuttgart.
8. Dillon, P.J., Molot, L.A., and Scheider, W.A. 1991. Phosphorus and nitrogen export from forested stream catchments in central Ontario. J. Environ. Qual. 20: 857-864.
9. Gausch, H., Ivorra, N., Lehmann, V., Paulsson, M., Real, M., and Sabater, S. 1998. Community composition and sensitivity of periphyton to atrazine in flowing waters: the role of environmental factors. J. Appl. Phycol. 10: 203-213.
10. Gordon, N.D., McMahon, T.A., and Finlayson, B.L. 1992. Stream hydrology: an introduction for ecologists. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
11. Hill, B.H., Herlihy, A.T., Kaufmann, P.R., Stevenson, R.J., McCormick, F.H., Johnson, C.B., Vadeboncoeur, Y., and Lodge, D.M. 2000. Use of periphyton assemblage data as an index of biotic integrity. J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 19: 50-67.
12. Jeffries, D.S., and Snyder, W.R. 1983. Geology and geochemistry of the Muskoka-Haliburton study area. Data Rep. DR 83/2. Ministry of the Environment, Dorset, Ont.
13. Kilgour, B.W., Somers, K.M., and Matthews, D.E. 1998. Using the normal range as a criterion for ecological significance in environmental monitoring and assessment. Ecoscience, 5: 542-550.
14. Kosinski, R.J. 1984. The effect of terrestrial herbicides on the community structure of stream periphyton. Environ. Pollut. 36: 165-189.
15. Krammer, K., and Lange-Bertalot, H. 1986-1991. Bacillariophyceae. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2(1-4). Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
16. Kunimatsu, T., Sudo, M., and Kawachi, T. 1999. Loading rates of nutrients discharging from a golf course and a neighbouring forested basin. Water Sci. Technol. 39: 99-107.
17. Legendre, P., and Legendre, L. 1998. Numerical ecology. 2nd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
18. Likens, G.E., and Bormann, F.H. 1975. An experimental approach in a New England landscape. In Coupling of land and water systems. Edited by A.D. Hasler. Springer Verlag, New York. pp. 7-29.
19. Lowe, R.L., and LaLiberte, G.D. 1996. Benthic stream algae: distribution and structure. In Methods in stream ecology. Edited by F.R. Hauer and G.A. Lamberti. Academic Press, California, pp. 269-293.
20. Lowe, R.L., and Pan, Y. 1996. Benthic algal communities as biological monitors. In Algal ecology: freshwater benthic ecosystems. Edited by R.J. Stevenson, M.L. Bothwell, and R.L. Lowe. Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. pp. 705-739.
21. Mallin, M., and Wheeler, T. 2000. Nutrient and fecal coliform discharge from coastal North Carolina golf courses. J. Environ. Qual. 29: 979-986.
22. Maude, S.H., and DiMaio, J. 1999. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities and water quality of headwater streams of the Oak Ridges Moraine, southern Ontario. Can. Field-Nat. 113: 585-597.
23. McArdle, B.H., and Anderson, M.J. 2001. Fitting multivariate models to community data: a comment on distance-based redundancy analysis. Ecology, 82: 290-297.
24. McCormick, P.V., and Cairns, J. 1997. Algal indicators of aquatic ecosystem condition and change. In Plants for environmental studies. Edited by W. Wang, J.W. Gorsuch, and J.S. Hughes. Lewis Publishers, New York. pp. 177-207.
25. McCormick, P.V., and Stevenson, R.J. 1998. Periphyton as a tool for ecological assessment and management in the Florida Everglades. J. Phycol. 4: 726-733.
26. Ministry of the Environment. 1983. Handbook of analytical methods for environmental samples. Vols. 1 and 2. Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, Ont.
27. Mur, L.R., Skulberg, O.M., and Utkilen, H. 1999. Cyanobacteria in the environment. In Toxic cyanobacteria in water. A guide to their public health consequences, monitoring and management. Edited by I. Chorus and J.E. Bartram. FN Spon, New York, pp. 15-40.
28. National Golf Foundation. 2000. Golf participation in the United States. 2000 ed. National Golf Foundation, Jupiter, Fla.
29. Pan, Y., Stevenson, R.J., Hill, B.H., Herhily, A.T., and Collins, G.B. 1996. Using diatoms as indicators of ecological conditions in lotic systems: a regional assessment. J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 15: 481-495.
30. Patrick, R., and Reimer, C. 1966. The diatoms of the United States. Vol. 1. Monogr. No. 3. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pa.
31. Patrick, R., and Reimer, C. 1975. The diatoms of the United States. Vol. 2. Part 1. Monogr. No. 13. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pa.
32. Pipp, E., and Rott, E. 1994. Classification of running-water sites in Austria based on benthic algal community structure. Verh. Int. Ver. Theor. Angew. Limnol. 25: 1610-1613.
33. Planas, D. 1996. Acidification effects. In Algal ecology: freshwater benthic ecosystems. Edited by R.J. Stevenson, M.L. Bothwell, and R.L. Lowe. Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. pp. 497-530.
34. Prescott, G.W. 1982. Algae of the western Great Lakes area. 2nd ed. W.M.C. Brown Co. Inc., Dubuque, Iowa.
35. Reynoldson, T.B., Norris, R.H., Resh, V.H., Day, K.E., and Rosenberg, D.M. 1997. The reference condition approach: a comparison of multimetric and multivariate approaches to assess water-quality impairment using benthic macroinvertebrates. J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 16: 833-852.
36. Rott, E., Duthie, H.C., and Pipp, E. 1998. Monitoring organic pollution and eutrophication in the Grand River, Ontario, by means of diatoms. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55: 1443-1453.
37. Sheath, R.G. 1984. The biology of freshwater red algae. In Progress in phycological research. Vol. 3. Edited by F.E. Round and D.J. Chapman. Biopress Ltd., Bristol, U.K. pp. 89-157.
38. Stevenson, R.J., and Bahls, L.L. 1999. Periphyton protocols. In Rapid bioassessment protocols for use in streams and wadeable rivers: periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates and fish. 2nd ed. Edited by M.T. Barbour, J. Gerritsen, B.D. Snyder, and J.B. Stribling. EPA 841-B-99-002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. pp. 6-1 to 6-22.
39. Sudo, M., and Kunimatsu, T. 1992. Characteristics of pesticide runoff from golf links. Water Sci. Technol. 25: 85-92.
40. ter Braak, C.J.F. 1986. Canonical correspondence analysis: a new eigenvector method for multivariate direct gradient analysis. Ecology, 67: 1167-1179.
41. ter Braak, C.J.F., and Prentice, I.C. 1988. A theory of gradient analysis. Adv. Ecol. Res. 18: 271-317.
42. Van Dam, H., Mertens, A., and Sinkeldam, J. 1994. A coded checklist and ecological indicator values of freshwater diatoms from the Netherlands. Neth. J. Aquat. Ecol. 28: 117-133.
43. Winter, J.G., and Duthie, H.C. 2000a. Epilithic diatoms as indicators of stream total nitrogen and total phosphorus. J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 19: 32-49.
44. Winter, J.G., and Duthie, H.C. 2000b. Stream biomonitoring at an agricultural test site using benthic algae. Can. J. Bot. 78: 1319-1325.