Prolactin Dysregulation in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Effect of Levothyroxine Replacement Therapy

Thyroid

Volumn 13, Issue 10, 2003, Pages 979-985

  Meier, Christian ^a   Christ Crain, Mirjam ^a   Guglielmetti, Merih ^a   Huber, Peter ^a   Staub, Jean Jacques ^a   Müller, Beat ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BASEL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LEVOTHYROXINE; PLACEBO; PROLACTIN; THYROID HORMONE; THYROTROPIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; FEMALE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROLACTIN BLOOD LEVEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; THYROID DISEASE; THYROID FUNCTION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0242331177     PISSN: 10507256     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/105072503322511391     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Honbo KS, van Herle AJ, Kellett KA 1978 Serum prolactin levels in untreated primary hypothyroidism. Am J Med 64:782-787.
2. Onishi T, Miyai K, Aono T, Shioji T, Yamamoto T 1977 Primary hypothyroidism and galactorrhea. Am J Med 63:373-378.
3. Fish LH, Mariash CN 1988 Hyperprolactinemia, infertility, and hypothyroidism. A case report and literature review. Arch Intern Med 148:709-711.
4. Grubb MR, Chakeres D, Malarkey WB 1987 Patients with primary hypothyroidism presenting as prolactinomas. Am J Med 83:765-769.
5. Semple CG, Beastall GH, Teasdale G, Thomson JA 1983 Hypothyroidism presenting with hyperprolactinaemia. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 286:1200-1201.
6. Staub JJ, Althaus BU, Engler H, Ryff AS, Trabucco P, Marquardt K, Burckhardt D, Girard J, Weintraub BD 1992 Spectrum of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism: effect on thyrotropin, prolactin, and thyroid reserve, and metabolic impact on peripheral target tissues. Am J Med 92:631-642.
7. del Pozo E, Wyss H, Tollis G, Alcaniz J, Campana A, Naftolin F 1979 Prolactin and deficient luteal function. Obstet Gynecol 53:282-286.
8. Louvet JP, Gouarre M, Salandini AM, Boulard C 1979 Hypothyroidism and anovulation. Lancet 1:1032.
9. Edwards CR, Forsyth IA, Besser GM 1971 Amenorrhoea, galactorrhoea, and primary hypothyroidism with high circulating levels of prolactin. BMJ 3:462-464.
10. Thomas R, Reid RL 1987 Thyroid disease and reproductive dysfunction: A review. Obstet Gynecol 70:789-798.
11. Krassas GE, Pontikides N, Kaltsas T, Papadopoulou P, Paunkovic J, Paunkovic N, Duntas LH 1999 Disturbances of menstruation in hypothyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 50:655-659.
12. Lincoln SR, Ke RW, Kutteh WH 1999 Screening for hypothyroidism in infertile women. J Reprod Med 44:455-457.
13. Raber W, Gessl A, Nowotny P, Vierhapper H 2003 Hyperprolactinaemia in hypothyroidism: Clinical significance and impact of TSH normalization. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 58:185-191.
14. Cooper DS 2001 Clinical practice. Subclinical hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med 345:260-265.
15. Bigos ST, Ridgway EC, Kourides IA, Maloof F 1978 Spectrum of pituitary alterations with mild and severe thyroid impairment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 46:317-325.
16. Olive KE, Hennessey JV 1988 Marked hyperprolactinemia in subclinical hypothyroidism. Arch Intern Med 148:2278-2279.
17. Bals-Pratsch M, De Geyter C, Muller T, Frieling U, Lerchl A, Pirke KM, Hanker JP, Becker-Carus C, Nieschlag E 1997 Episodic variations of prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, melatonin and cortisol in infertile women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Hum Reprod 12:896-904.
18. Snyder PJ, Jacobs LS, Utiger RD, Daughaday WH 1973 Thyroid hormone inhibition of the prolactin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone. J Clin Invest 52:2324-2329.
19. Refetoff S, Fang VS, Rapoport B, Friesen HG 1974 Interrelationships in the regulation of TSH and prolactin secretion in man: Effects of L-dopa, TRH and thyroid hormone in various combinations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 38:450-457.
20. Meier C, Staub JJ, Roth CB, Guglielmetti M, Kunz M, Miserez AR, Drewe J, Huber P, Herzog R, Muller B 2001 TSH-controlled L-thyroxine therapy reduces cholesterol levels and clinical symptoms in subclinical hypothyroidism: A double blind, placebo-controlled trial (Basel Thyroid Study). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:4860-4866.
21. Schurr W, Knoll B, Ziegler R, Anders R, Merkle HP 1985 Comparative study of intravenous, nasal, oral and buccal TRH administration among healthy subjects. J Endocrinol Invest 8:41-44.
22. Ryff-de-Leche AS, Staub JJ, Paul S, Polc B, Girard J 1985 [Intranasal TRH for the stimulation of hypophyseal and thyroid reserves. Preliminary report]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 115:342-343.
23. Jacobs LS, Snyder PJ, Wilber JF, Utiger RD, Daughaday WH 1971 Increased serum prolactin after administration of synthetic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 33:996-998.
24. Takai T, Yamamoto K, Saito K, Ando K, Saito T, Kuzuya T 1987 Galactorrhea in subclinical hypothyroidism. Endocrinol Jpn 34:539-544.
25. Groff TR, Shulkin BL, Utiger RD, Talbert LM 1984 Amenorrhea-galactorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and suprasellar pituitary enlargement as presenting features of primary hypothyroidism. Obstet Gynecol 63:86S-89S.
26. Boroditsky RS, Faiman C 1973 Galactorrhea-amenorrhea due to primary hypothyroidism. Am J Obstet Gynecol 116: 661-665.
27. Cooper DS, Halpern R, Wood LC, Levin AA, Ridgway EC 1984 L-Thyroxine therapy in subclinical hypothyroidism. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 101:18-24.
28. Iranmanesh A, Lizarralde G, Veldhuis JD 1992 Robustness of the male lactotropic axis to the hyperprolactinemic stimulus of primary thyroidal failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 74:559-564.
29. Carlson HE, Jacobs LS, Daughaday WH 1973 Growth hormone, thyrotropin, and prolactin responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone following diethylstilbestrol pretreatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 37:488-490.
30. Katznelson L, Riskind PN, Saxe VC, Klibanski A 1998 Prolactin pulsatile characteristics in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:761-764.
31. Bowers CY, Friesen HG, Hwang P, Guyda HJ, Folkers K 1971 Prolactin and thyrotropin release in man by synthetic pyroglutamyl-histidyl-prolinamide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 45:1033-1041.
32. Noel GL, Suh HK, Frantz AG 1974 Prolactin release during nursing and breast stimulation in postpartum and nonpostpartum subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 38:413-423.
33. Jacobs LS, Snyder PJ, Utiger RD, Daughaday WH 1973 Prolactin response to thyrotropin releasing hormone in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 36:1069-1073.
34. Krassas GE 2000 Thyroid disease and female reproduction. Fertil Steril 74:1063-1070.