Reproductive ecology of Tibetan Eared Pheasant Crossoptilon harmani in scrub environment, with special reference to the effect of food

Ibis

Volumn 145, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 657-666

  Lu, X ^a   Zheng, Guang Mei ^b  

^a WUHAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b BEIJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLUTCH SIZE; INCUBATION; LAYING DATE; NESTING SUCCESS; NUTRITION; REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY;

CHINA;

AVES; CROSSOPTILON HARMANI; PHASIANIDAE; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0142248184     PISSN: 00191019     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1474-919X.2003.00204.x     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Arnold, T.W. 1994. Effects of supplemental food on egg production in American Coots. Auk 111: 337-350.
2. Brittas, R. 1988. Nutrition and reproduction of the Willow Grouse Lagopus lagopus in central Sweden. Ornis. Scand. 19: 49-57.
3. Cheng, T.H. 1994. A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds. Beijing: Science Press.
4. Clifford, L.D. & Anderson, D.J. 2001. Food limitation explains most clutch size variation in the Nazca Booby. J. Anim. Ecol. 70: 539-545.
5. Davies, N.B. & Lundberg, A. 1985. The influence of food on time budgets and timing of breeding of the Dunnock Prunellaaaa mondularis. Ibis 127: 100-110.
6. Delacour, J. 1977. The Pheasant of the World, 2nd edn. Hindhead: World Pheasant Association and Spur Publications.
7. Ewald, P.W. & Rohwer, S. 1982. Effects of supplemental feeding on timing of breeding, clutch-size and polygyny in Red-winged Blackbirds Agelaius phoeniceus. J. Anim. Ecol. 51: 429-450.
8. Gao, Y.X. 1984. The Climate of Tibet. Beijing: Science Press.
9. Hanson, W.R. 1970. Pheasant nesting and concealment in hayfields. Auk 87: 714-719.
10. Hoodless, A.N., Draycott, R.A.H., Ludiman, M.N. & Robertson, P.A. 1999. Effects of supplementary feeding on territoriality, breeding success and survival of pheasants. J. Appl. Ecol. 36: 147-156.
11. Hooge, P.N., Stanback, M.T. & Koenig, W.D. 1999. Nest-site selection in the acorn woodpecker. Auk 116: 45-54.
12. Howlett, J.S. & Stutchbury, B.J. 1996. Nest concealment and predation in Hooded Warblers: experimental removal of nest cover. Auk 113: 1-9.
13. Jager, T.D., Hulscher, J.B. & Kersten, M. 2000. Egg size, egg composition and reproductive success in the Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus. Ibis 142: 603-613.
14. James, F.C. 1971. Ordinations of habitat relationship among breeding birds. Wilson Bull. 83: 215-235.
15. Jiangchu, G.M., Dong, D.F. & Long, W.X. 1995. A preliminary study on breeding ecology of White Eared Pheasant Crossoptilon crossoptilon. Chinese J. Wildl. 6: 8-12.
16. Jimenez, J.E. & Conover, M.R. 2001. Ecological approaches to reduce predation on ground-nesting gamebirds and their nests. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 29: 62-69.
17. Johnsgard, P.A. 1999. The Pheasants of the World, 2nd edn. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
18. Lack, D. 1968. Ecological Adaptation for Breeding in Birds. London: Methuen.
19. Li, B.S. 1988. An outline on development of the vegetation in geological periods. In Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Changchun Institute of Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ed.) Vegetation of Tibet: 23-40. Beijing: Science Press.
20. Liao, Y.F. 1984. Field observation on Blue Eared Pheasants Crossoptilon auritum. Chinese J. Wildl 2: 10-13.
21. Liu, H.J., Su, H.L. & Ren, J.Q. 1991. The Chinese Phasianids; Brown Eared Pheasant. Beijing: Forestry Publishing House.
22. Lloyd, P., Plaganyi, E., Lepage, D., Little, R.M. & Crowe, T.M. 2000. Nest-site selection, egg pigmentation and clutch predation in the ground-nesting Namaqua Sandgrouse Pterocles namaqua. Ibis 142: 123-131.
23. Lu, T.C. 1986. On breeding ecology of the Tibetan Eared Pheasant Crossoptilon crossoptilon. Acta Zool. Sin. 29: 278-290.
24. Lu, X. 1997. Study on habitat selection and behavior of Tibetan Eared Pheasant, Crossoptilon harmani. PhD thesis, Beijing Normal University.
25. Lu, X. & Zheng, G.M. 2002. Habitat use of the Tibetan Eared Pheasant Crossoptilon harmani flocks in shrub vegetation during the non-breeding seasons. Ibis 144: 17-22.
26. McNamara, J.M., Houston, A.I. & Lima, S.L. 1994. Foraging routines of small birds in winter: a theoretical investigation. J. Avian Biol. 25: 287-302.
27. Nager, R.G., Rueegger, C. & Van Noordwijk, A.J. 1997. Nutrient or energy limitation on egg formation; a feeding experiment in great tits. J. Anim. Ecol. 66: 495-507.
28. Nilsson, J.A. 1991. Clutch size determination in the Marsh Tit (Parus palustris). Ecology 72: 1757-1762.
29. Perrins, C.M. 1970. The timing of bird's breeding seasons. Ibis 112: 242-255.
30. Ricklefs, R.E. 1969. An analysis of nesting mortality in birds. Smithson. Contr. Zool. 9: 1-48.
31. Robb, L., Martin, K. & Hannon, S.J. 1992. Spring body condition, fecundity and survival in female willow ptarmigan. J. Anim. Ecol. 61: 215-223.
32. Rowe, S. & Jones, I.L. 2000. The enigma of Razorbill Alca torda breeding site selection: adaptation to a variable environment? Ibis 142: 324-327.
33. Schoech, S.J. 1996. The effect of supplemental food on body condition and the timing of reproduction in a cooperation breeder, the Florida Shrub Jay. Condor 98: 234-244.
34. Sibley, C.G. & Monroe, B.L. Jr. 1990. Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. New Haven: Yale University Press.
35. Soler, M. & Soler, J.J. 1996. Effects of experimental food provisioning on reproduction in the Jackdaw Corvus monedula, a semi-colonial species. Ibis 138: 377-383.
36. Sotherland, P.R. & Rahn, H. 1987. On the composition of bird eggs. Condor 89: 48-65.
37. Svensson, E. & Nilsson, J.A. 1995. Food supply, territory quality, and reproductive timing in the Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus). Ecology 76: 1804-1812.
38. Tapper, S.G., Potts, G.R. & Brockless, M.H. 1996. The effect of an experimental reduction in predation pressure on the breeding success and population density of Grey Partridges Perdix perdix. J. Appl. Ecol. 33: 965-978.
39. Wagner, K. & Seymour, R.S. 2001. Nesting climate and behaviour of Cape Barren Geese (Cereopsis novaehollandiae Latham). Aust. J. Zool. 49: 155-170.
40. Wiebe, K.L. & Bortolotti, G.R. 1995. Egg size and clutch size in the reproductive investment of American kestrels. J. Zool. Lond. 237: 285-301.
41. Wiebe, K.L. & Martin, K. 1998. Costs and benefits of nest cover for ptarmigan: changes within and between years. Anim. Behav. 56: 1137-1144.
42. Wu, Y. & Peng, J.T. 1996. Breeding ecology of the White Eared Pheasant (Crossoptilon crossoptilon) in western Sichuan, China. J. Yamashina Inst. Ornithol. 28: 98-102.
43. Zheng, G.M. 1995. Ornithology. Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press.
44. Zheng, S.W. & Liao, Y.F. 1983. Studies on habitats, activities, food and reproduction of the Blue Eared Pheasant. Acta Zool. Sin. 29: 71-85.