Playground injuries

Injury Prevention

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 194-196

  MacKay, M ^a  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF EASTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHILD; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; FALLING; FRACTURE; HUMAN; INJURY; NOTE; PUBLIC HEALTH; RECREATION; RISK FACTOR;

ACCIDENTAL FALLS; CHILD; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; PLAY AND PLAYTHINGS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 0142232069     PISSN: 13538047     EISSN: 14755785     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/ip.9.3.194     Document Type: Editorial

References (61)

1. Nixon JW, Acton CHC, Wallis B, et al. Injury and frequency of use of playground equipment in public schools and parks in Brisbane, Australia. Inj Prev 2003;9:210-13.
2. Sherker S, Ozanne-Smith J, Rechnitzer G, et al. Development of a multidisciplinary method to determine risk factors for arm fractures in falls from playground equipment. Inj Prev 2003;9:279-83.
3. Illingworth C, Brennan P, Jay A, et al. 200 injuries caused by playground equipment. BMJ 1975;iv:332-4.
4. Langley JD, Silva PA, Williams SM. Primary school accidents. N Z Med J 1981;94:336-9. (Pubitemid 12213338)
5. Sheps SB, Evans GD. Epidemiology of school injuries: a 2-year experience in a municipal health department. Pediatrics 1987;79:69-75. (Pubitemid 17060959)
6. Kazar G, Ihasz M, Kosa J, et al. [Childhood accidents] [Hungarian]. Orvosi Hetilap 1992;133:1937-43.
7. Bijur PE, Trumble A, Harel Y, et al. Sports and recreation injuries in US children and adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1995;149:1009-16.
8. Kosmala M. [The analysis of frequency, causes and consequences of accidents on children's playgrounds] [Polish]. Pediatr Pol 1996;71:143-52.
9. Anonymous. Leads from the MMWR. Playground-related injuries in preschool-aged children-United States, 1983-1987. JAMA 1988;260:2799-800.
10. Stark C, Wright J, Lee J, Watt L. Two years of school injuries in a Scottish education sub-division. Public Health 1996;110:229-35. (Pubitemid 26289823)
11. Linblad BE, Mikkelsen SS. [Playground accidents-fractures in the hip region] [Danish]. Ugeskr Laeger 1991;153:1065-6.
12. Chalmers DJ, Langley JD. Epidemiology of playground equipment injuries resulting in hospitalization. J Paediatr Child Health 1990;26:329-34.
13. MacKellar A. Head injuries in children and implications for their prevention. J Pediatr Surg 1989;24:577-9. (Pubitemid 19145746)
14. Mott A, Evans R, Rolfe K, et al. Patterns of injuries to children on public playgrounds. Arch Dis Child 1994;71:328-30. (Pubitemid 24314620)
15. Mowat DL, Wang F, Pickett W, et al. A case-control study of risk factors for playground injuries among children in Kingston and area. Inj Prev 1998;4:39-43.
16. Solheim K. [When children fall] [Norwegian]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1998;118:2481-2.
17. Bienefeld M, Pickett W, Carr PA. A descriptive study of childhood injuries in Kingston, Ontario, using data from a computerized injury surveillance system. Chronic Diseases in Canada 1996;17:21-7. (Pubitemid 126414393)
18. Coppens NM, Koziara DM. Children's perceptions concerning school injuries. Journal of School Nursing 1997;13:14-9.
19. Hopkins RS. Consumer product-related injuries in Athens, Ohio, 1980-85: assessment of emergency room-based surveillance. Am J Prev Med 1989;5:104-12. (Pubitemid 19109112)
20. Oliver TI, McFarlane JP, Haigh JC, et al. Playground equipment and accidents. Australian Paediatric Journal 1981;17:100-3. (Pubitemid 11011069)
21. Pickett W, Carr PA, Mowat DL, et al. Playground equipment hazards and associated injuries in Kingston and area. Can J Public Health 1996;87:237-9. (Pubitemid 26318876)
22. Drago DA, Winston FK, Baker SP. Clothing drawstring entrapment in playground slides and school buses. Contributing factors and potential interventions. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1997;151:72-7. (Pubitemid 27036522)
23. Feldman KW, Simms RJ. Strangulation in childhood: epidemiology and clinical course. Pediatrics 1980;65:1079-85. (Pubitemid 10068738)
24. Health Canada. For the safety of Canadian children and youth: from injury data to preventive measures. Ottawa, ON: Health Canada, 1997: chapter 12.
25. Mack MG, Hudson S, Thompson D. A descriptive analysis of children's playground injuries in the United States 1990-4. Inj Prev 1997;3:100-3.
26. Nixon J, Pearn J. Death during play: a study of playground and recreation deaths in children. BMJ 1981;283:410. (Pubitemid 11039683)
27. Petruk J, Shields E, Cummings GE, et al. Fatal asphyxiations in children involving drawstrings on clothing. Can Med Assoc J 1996;155:1417-9. (Pubitemid 26397557)
28. Kotch JB, Chalmers DJ, Langley JD, et al. Child day care and home injuries involving playground equipment. J Paediatr Child Health 1993;29:222-7. (Pubitemid 23160363)
29. Langley JD, Cecchi J, Silva PA. Injuries in the tenth and eleventh years of life. Australian Paediatric Journal 1987;23:35-9. (Pubitemid 17090695)
30. Langley JD, Chalmers D, Collins B. Unintentional injuries to students at school. J Paediatr Child Health 1990;26:323-8.
31. Leung A, Robson W, Lim S, et al. Playground safety. J R Soc Health 1993;113:320-3. (Pubitemid 24001120)
32. Ball DJ, King KL. Playground injuries: a scientific appraisal of popular concerns. J R Soc Health 1991;111:134-7.
33. Boyce WT, Sobolewski S, Sprunger LW, et al. Playground equipment injuries in a large, urban school district. Am J Public Health 1984;74:984-6. (Pubitemid 14059577)
34. Buck D. Safe on playgrounds? The nature and causes of children's playground accidents and opportunities for prevention. Public Health 1988;102:603-11.
35. Chalmers DJ, Marshall SW, Langley JD, et al. Height and surfacing as risk factors for injury in falls from playground equipment: a case-control study. Inj Prev 1996;2:98-104.
36. Laforest S, Robitaille Y, Lesage D, et al. Surface characteristics, equipment height, and the occurrence and severity of playground injuries. Inj Prev 2001;7:35-40.
37. Lenaway DD, Ambler AG, Beaudoin DE. The epidemiology of school-related injuries: new perspectives. Am J Prev Med 1992;8:193-8. (Pubitemid 23052001)
38. Macarthur C, Hu X, Wesson DE, et al. Risk factors for severe injury associated with falls from playground equipment. Accid Anal Prev 2000;32:377-82.
39. Mack MG, Thompson D, Hudson S. Playground injuries in the 90s. Parks and Recreation 1998;33:88-95.
40. Mott A, Rolfe K, James R, et al. Safety of surfaces and equipment for children in playgrounds. Lancet 1997;349:1874-6. (Pubitemid 27270121)
41. Sacks JJ, Holt KW, Holmgreen P, et al. Playground hazards in Atlanta child care centers. Am J Public Health 1990;80:986-8. (Pubitemid 20239422)
42. Susnik S. Safety investigation of public playground equipment in the city of Toronto. Environmental Health Review 1995(summer):51-6.
43. Comité Européen de Normalisation. CEN 1177: impact absorbing playground surfacing-safety requirements and test methods. Brussels: Comité Européen de Normalisation, 1997.
44. Bond MT, Peck MG. The risk of childhood injury on Boston's playground equipment and surfaces. Am J Public Health 1993;83:731-3. (Pubitemid 23143006)
45. Langley JD, Crosado B. Two safety aspects of public playground climbing equipment. N Z Med J 1984;97:404-6. (Pubitemid 14018924)
46. Lesage D, Robitaille Y, Dorval D, et al. Does playground equipment conform to the Canadian standard? Can J Public Health 1995;86:279-83.
47. Ridenour M. Elementary school playgrounds: safe play area or inherent dangers. Percept Mot Skills 1987;64:447-51.
48. Rivers RP, Boyd RD, Baderman H. Falls from equipment as a cause of playground injury. Community Health 1978;9:178-9. (Pubitemid 8298967)
49. American Society for Testing Material. ASTM F1292 standard specification for impact attenuation of surface systems under and around playground equipment. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, 1991.
50. Standards Australia/NewZealand. AS/NZS 4422 Playground surfacing-specifications, requirements and test methods. Sydney: Standards Australia/New Zealand, 1996.
51. Standards Australia. AS 1924-1: Playground equipment for parks, schools and domestic use-general requirements. Sydney: Standards Australia, 1981.
52. Canadian Standards Association International. CAN/CSA Z614-98: Childrens playspaces and equipment. Toronto: Canadian Standards Association International, 1998.
53. Fisher L, Harris G, VanBurn J, et al. Assessment of a pilot child playground injury prevention project in New York state. Am J Public Health 1980;70:1000-2. (Pubitemid 10039939)
54. Laraque D, Barlow B, Davidson L, et al. The Central Harlem playground injury preventionproject: a model for change. Am J Public Health 1994;84:1691-2.
55. Laraque D, Barlow B, Durkin M, et al. Injury prevention in an urban setting: challenges and successes. Bull N Y Acad Med 1995;72:16-30.
56. Lewis LM, Naunheim R, Standeven J, et al. Quantitation of impact attenuation of different playground surfaces under various environmental conditions using a tri-axial accelerometer. J Trauma 1993;35:932-5. (Pubitemid 24018494)
57. McEvoy M, Montana B, Panettieri M. A nursing intervention to ensure a safe playground environment. Journal of Pediatric Health Care 1996;10:209-16. (Pubitemid 126653889)
58. Robinovitch SN, Chiu J. Surface stiffness affects impact force during a fall on the outstretched hand. J Orthop Res 1998;16:309-13. (Pubitemid 28337626)
59. Roseveare CA, Brown JM, McIntosh JMB, et al. An intervention to reduce playground equipment hazards. Inj Prev 1999;5:124-8.
60. Sacks JJ, Brantley M, Holmgreen P, et al. Evaluation of an intervention to reduce playground hazards in Atlanta child-care centers. Am J Public Health 1992;82:429-31.
61. Sibert JR, Mott A, Rolfe K, et al. Preventing injuries in public playgrounds through partnership between health services and local authority: community intervention study. BMJ 1999;318:1595. (Pubitemid 29267773)