Retinal topography of the harp seal Pagophilus groenlandicus

Brain, Behavior and Evolution

Volumn 62, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 212-222

  Mass, Alla M ^a   Supin, A Y ^a  

^a SEVERTSOV INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

Alpha cells; Area centralis; Ganglion cell distribution; Harp seal; Mammals; Retina; Visual resolution

Indexed keywords

WATER;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CELL DENSITY; CELL POPULATION; CELL SIZE; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; MAMMAL; NERVE CELL; NONHUMAN; OPTIC DISK; OPTICAL RESOLUTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINA; SEAL; TOPOGRAPHY;

ANIMALS; CELL COUNT; CONES (RETINA); EYE; FOVEA CENTRALIS; RETINA; RETINAL GANGLION CELLS; SEALS, EARLESS; VISUAL ACUITY;

MAMMALIA; PAGOPHILUS GROENLANDICUS; PHOCA GROENLANDICA; PHOCIDAE;

EID: 0142218845     PISSN: 00068977     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000073273     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Busch H, Dücker G (1987) Das visuelle Leistungs-vermögen der Seebären (Arctocephalus pusillus und Arctocephalus australis). Zool Anz 219: 197-224.
2. Dawson WW, Schroeder JP, Sharpe SN (1987) Corneal surface properties of two marine mammal species. Marine Mammal Sci 3:186-197.
3. Dehnhardt G (1990) Preliminary results from psychophysical studies of the tactile sensitivity in marine mammals. In: Sensory Abilities of Cetaceans. Laboratory and Field Evidence (Tho-mas JA, Kastelein RA, eds), pp 435-446. New York: Plenum.
4. Dehnhardt G (1994) Tactile size discrimination by a California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) using its mystacial vibrissae. J Comp Physiol 175:791-800.
5. Dehnhardt G, Mauck B, Bleckmann H (1998) Seal whiskers detect water movements. Nature 394: 235-236.
6. Dral ADG (1977) On the retinal anatomy of Ceta-cea (mainly Tursiops truncatus). In: Functional Anatomy of Marine Mammals, Vol. III (Harrison RJ, ed), pp 81-134. London: Academic Press.
7. Dral ADG (1983) The retinal ganglion cells of Del-phinus delphisand their distribution. Aquatic Mammals 10:57-68.
8. Dunlop SA, Longley WA, Beazley LD (1987) Development of the area centralis and visual streak in the Grey Kangaroo Macropus fuliginosus. Vision Res 27:151-164.
9. Fisher QS, Kirby MA (1991) Number and distribution of retinal ganglion cells in Anubis Baboons Papio anubis.Brain Behav Evol 37:189-203.
10. Fukuda Y, Stone J (1974) Retinal distribution and central projection of W, X and Y cells of the cat's retina. J Neurophysiol 37:749-772.
11. Gao A, Zhou K (1987) On the retinal ganglion cells of Neophocoena and Lipotes. Acta Zool Sin 33: 316-332.
12. Hanggi EB, Schusterman R (1995) Conditional discrimination learning in a male harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). In: Sensory Systems of Aquatic Mammals (Kastelein RA,Thomas JA, Nachtigall PE, eds), pp 543-559. Woerden, the Netherlands: De Spil.
13. Harman AM, Nelson JE, Crewther SG, Crewther DP (1986) Visual acuity of the northern native cat (Dasyurus hallucatus) - behavioral and anatomical estimates. Behav Brain Res 22:211-216.
14. Herman LM, Peacock MF, Yunker MP, Madsen CJ (1975) Bottlenosed dolphin: Double-slit pupils yields equivalent aerial and underwater diurnal acuity. Science 189:650-652.
15. Hogan D, Williams RW (1995) Analysis of the retina and optic nerves of achiasmatic Belgian sheepdogs. J Comp Neurol 352:367-380.
16. Hughes A (1977) The topography of vision in mammals of contrasting life style: Comparative optics and retinal organization. In: Handbook of Sensory Physiology: The Visual System in Vertebrates (Crescitelli F, ed), Vol. VII/5, pp 613-756. Berlin: Springer.
17. Hughes A (1981) Population magnitudes and distribution of the major modal classes of cat retinal ganglion cell as estimated from HRP filling and systematic survey of the soma diameter spectra for classical neurons. J Comp Neurol 197:303-339.
18. Jamieson GS, Fisher HD (1971) The retina of the harbor seal Phoca vitulina. Can J Zool 49:19-23.
19. Jamieson GS, Fisher HD (1970) Visual discriminations in the harbor sealPhoca vitulina, above and below water. Vision Res 10:1175-1180.
20. Kastelein RA, van Gaalen MA (1988) The sensitivity of the vibrissae of a Pacific walrus (Odobe-nus rosmarus divergens) Part 1. Aquatic Mammals 14:123-133
21. Kastelein RA, Stevens S, Mosterd P (1990) The tactile sensitivity of the mystacial vibrissae of Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) Part 2: masking. Aquatic Mammals 16:78-87.
22. Landau D, Dawson WW (1970) The histology of retinas from the pinnipedia. Vision Res 10: 691-702.
23. Ledje C, Arnason U (1996) Phylogenetic relationships within caniform carnivores based on analyses of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. J Mol Evol 43:641-649.
24. Levenson DH, Schusterman RJ (1997) Pupillome-try in seals and sea lions: Ecological implication. Can J Zool 75:2050-2057
25. Mass AM (1992) Retinal topography in the walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergence) and fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus). In: Marine Mammal Sensory Systems (Thomas JA, Kastelein RA, Supin AYa, eds), pp 119-135. New York: Plenum.
26. Mass AM, Supin AYa (1992) Peak density, size and regional distribution of ganglion cells in the retina of the fur seal Callorhinus ursinus. Brain Behav Evol 39:69-76.
27. Mass AM, Supin AYa (1995) Ganglion cells topography of the retina in the bottlenosed dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. Brain Behav Evol 45:257-265.
28. Mass AM, Supin AYa (2000) Ganglion cell density and retinal resolution in the sea otter,Enhydra lutris. Brain Behav Evol 55:111-119.
29. Mass AM, Supin AYa (2002) Visual field organization and retinal resolution of the beluga, Del-phinapterus leucas (Pallas). Aquatic Mammals 28:241-250.
30. Mass AM, Odell DK, Ketten DK, Supin AYa (1997) Ganglion layer topography and retinal resolution of the Caribbean manatee Triche-chus manatus latirostris. Dokl Biol Sci 355: 392-394.
31. Murayama T, Somiya H (1998) Distribution of ganglion cells and object localizing ability in the retina of three cetaceans. Fisheries Science 64:27-30.
32. Murayama T, Somiya H, Aoki I, Ishii T (1992) The distribution of ganglion cells in the retina and visual acuity of minke whale. Nippon Suissan Gakkaishi 58:1057-1061.
33. Murayama T, Somiya H, Aoki I, Ishii T (1995) Retinal ganglion cell size and distribution predict visual capabilities of Dall's porpoise. Marine Mammal Sci 11:136-149.
34. Nagy AR, Ronald K (1970) The harp seal,Pagophi-lus groenlandicus (Erxleben 1777). VI. Structure of retina. Can J Zool 48:367-370.
35. Nagy AR, Ronald K (1975) A light and electron microscopic study of structure of the retina of the harp sealPagophilus groenlandicus(Erx-leben 1777). Rapp P Cons Inst Explor Mer 169: 92-96.
36. Peichl L (1991) Alpha ganglion cells in mammalian retinae: Common properties, species differences, and some comments on other ganglion cells. Vis Neurosci 7:155-169.
37. Peichl L (1992) Topography of ganglion cells in the dog and wolf retina. J Comp Neurol 324:603-620.
38. Peichl L, Moutairou K (1998) Absence of short-wavelength sensitive cones in the retinae of seals (Carnivora) and African giant rats (Ro-dentia). Eur J Neurosci 10:2586-2594.
39. Pettigrew JD, Dreher B, Hopkins CS, McCall MJ, Brown M (1988) Peak density and distribution of ganglion cells in the retina of microchirop-teran bats: implication for visual acuity. Brain Behav Evol 32:39-56.
40. Rice DW (1998) Marine mammals of the world: Systematics and distribution. Special Publication Number 4. Lawrence, KS: The Society for Marine Mammalogy.
41. Schusterman, RJ, Balliet RF (1970a) Conditioned vocalization technique for determining visual acuity thresholds in the sea lion. Science 169: 498-501.
42. Schusterman RJ, Balliet RF (1970 b) Visual acuity of the Harbour seal and the Steller sea lion under water. Nature 226:563-564.
43. Schusterman RJ, Kastak D (2000) Why pinnipeds don't echolocate. J Acoust Soc Am 107:2256-2264.
44. Stone J (1981) The Wholemount Handbook. A Guide to the Preparation and Analysis of Retinal Wholemounts. Sidney: Maitland.
45. Stone J (1983) Parallel Processing in the Visual System. New York: Plenum Press.
46. Stone J, Keens J (1980) Distribution of small and medium-sized ganglion cells in the cat's retina. J Comp Neurol 192:235-245.
47. Supin AYa, Popov VV, Mass AM (2001). The Sensory Physiology of Aquatic Mammals. Boston/ Dordrecht/London: Kluwer.
48. Tancred E (1981) The distribution and sizes of ganglion cells in the retinas of five Australian marsupials. J Comp Neurol 196:585-603.
49. Wässle H, Myung HC, Muller F (1987) Amacrine cells in the ganglion cell layer of the cat retina. J Comp Neurol 26:391-408.
50. Welsch U, Ramdohr S, Riedelsheimer B, Hebel R, Eisert R, Plotz J (2001) Microscopic anatomy of the deep-diving antarctic weddell seal Leptonychotes weddellii J Morphol 248:165-174.
51. Williams R, Cavada C, Reinoso-Suarez F (1993) Rapid evolution of the visual system: a cellular assay of the retina and dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the spanish wild cat and the domestic cat. J Neurosci 13:208-228.
52. Wong ROL, Hughes A (1987) The morphology, number and distribution of a large population of confirmed displaced amacrine cells in the adult cat retina. J Comp Neurol 255:159-177.
53. Wong ROL, Wye-Dvorak J, Henry GH (1986) Morphology and distribution of neurons in the retina ganglion cell layer of the adult Tammar wallabyMacropus eugenii. J Comp Neurol 253: 1-12.