Governing the multicultural city-region

Canadian Public Administration

Volumn 46, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 153-177

  Frisken, Frances ^a   Wallace, Marcia ^b  

^a YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0142169479     PISSN: 00084840     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-7121.2003.tb00910.x     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Robert A. Murdie, "The Welfare State, Economic Restructuring and Immigrant Flows," in Sako Musterd and Wim Ostendorf, eds., Urban Segregation and the Welfare State: Inequality and Exclusion in Western Cities (London and New York: Routledge, 1998), pp. 64-93; [n.a.], "Facts and Figures - Immigration Overview," Citizenship and Immigration Canada [web site] (Ottawa: Communications Branch, Citizenship and Immigration Canada, 2000), at http://www.cic.gc.ca.
2. Robert A. Murdie, "The Welfare State, Economic Restructuring and Immigrant Flows," in Sako Musterd and Wim Ostendorf, eds., Urban Segregation and the Welfare State: Inequality and Exclusion in Western Cities (London and New York: Routledge, 1998), pp. 64-93; [n.a.], "Facts and Figures - Immigration Overview," Citizenship and Immigration Canada [web site] (Ottawa: Communications Branch, Citizenship and Immigration Canada, 2000), at http://www.cic.gc.ca.
3. Rebecca J. Dameron and Arthur D. Murphy, "An international city too busy to hate? Social and cultural change in Atlanta: 1970-1995," Urban Anthropology 26, no. 1 (1997), pp. 43-69; John Horton, The Politics of Diversity: Immigration, Resistance, and Change in Monterey Park, California (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995).
4. Rebecca J. Dameron and Arthur D. Murphy, "An international city too busy to hate? Social and cultural change in Atlanta: 1970-1995," Urban Anthropology 26, no. 1 (1997), pp. 43-69; John Horton, The Politics of Diversity: Immigration, Resistance, and Change in Monterey Park, California (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995).
5. David R. Goldfield and Blaine A. Brownell, Urban America. A History (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990), pp. 402-403.
6. Myer Siemiatycki and Engin Isin, "Immigration, diversity and urban citizenship in Toronto," Canadian Journal of Regional Science 20, nos. 1-2 (Spring-Summer 1997), pp. 73-102.
7. Myer Siemiatycki and Anver Saloojee, "Ethno-racial political representation in Toronto: Patterns and problems," International Migration and Integration 3, no. 2 (December 2002), forth-coming.
8. Anthony Downs, Inside Bureaucracy (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1967), pp. 231-32.
9. C. Tator and F. Henry, Multicultural Education: Translating Policy into Practice (Ottawa: Multi-culturalism and Citizenship Canada, 1991), p. 38; Will Kymlicka, Finding our Way: Rethinking Ethnocultural Relations in Canada (Don Mills, Ont.: Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 15.
10. C. Tator and F. Henry, Multicultural Education: Translating Policy into Practice (Ottawa: Multi-culturalism and Citizenship Canada, 1991), p. 38; Will Kymlicka, Finding our Way: Rethinking Ethnocultural Relations in Canada (Don Mills, Ont.: Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 15.
11. Kymlicka, Finding our Way, p. 104.
12. Michael Lipsky, "Toward a Theory of Street-Level Bureaucracy," in Willis D. Hawley et al., Theoretical Perspectives on Urban Politics (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1976), p. 196.
13. Ibid., p. 197.
14. Ted Gurr and Desmond S. King, The State and the City (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987; Paul Kantor, The Dependent City Revisited (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1995); Paul Peterson, City Limits (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981).
15. Ted Gurr and Desmond S. King, The State and the City (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987; Paul Kantor, The Dependent City Revisited (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1995); Paul Peterson, City Limits (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981).
16. Ted Gurr and Desmond S. King, The State and the City (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987; Paul Kantor, The Dependent City Revisited (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1995); Paul Peterson, City Limits (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981).
17. Mike Goldsmith, "Autonomy and City Limits," in David Judge, Gerry Stoker and Harold Wolman, eds., Theories of Urban Politics (London: Sage Publications, 1995), p. 243.
18. D.V. Smiley, Canada in Question: Federalism in the Seventies. 2nd edition (Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1976), p. 5.
19. M.S. Mwarigha, "Issues and Prospects: The Funding and Delivery of Immigrant Services in the Context of Cutbacks, Devolution, and Amalgamation," Patrick G. Hunter, ed., Who's Listening: The Impact of Immigration and Refugee Settlement on Toronto (Toronto: The Advisory Committee on Immigration and Refugee Issues of Toronto, 1998), p. 92; Maytree Foundation, "Settlement Services for Immigrants and Refugees: A New Role for Toronto?" [unpublished, 1999], p. 7.
20. M.S. Mwarigha, "Issues and Prospects: The Funding and Delivery of Immigrant Services in the Context of Cutbacks, Devolution, and Amalgamation," Patrick G. Hunter, ed., Who's Listening: The Impact of Immigration and Refugee Settlement on Toronto (Toronto: The Advisory Committee on Immigration and Refugee Issues of Toronto, 1998), p. 92; Maytree Foundation, "Settlement Services for Immigrants and Refugees: A New Role for Toronto?" [unpublished, 1999], p. 7.
21. The 1996 census shares the definition of visible minorities used by Canada's Employment Equity Act: "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race, or non-white in colour." Under this definition, the act places the following groups in the visible-minority category: Chinese, South Asians, Blacks, Arabs and West Asians, Filipinos, Southeast Asians, Latin Americans, Japanese, Koreans and Pacific Islanders.
22. Marcia Wallace and Frances Frisken, "City-Suburban Differences in Government Responses to Immigration in the Greater Toronto Area." Research paper 197 (Toronto: Centre for Urban and Community Studies, University of Toronto, 2000).
23. The second phase took place in two stages. It began with a detailed study of service providers in the same municipalities involved in the first phase - the new City of Toronto, the regional municipalities of Peel and York, and the lower-tier municipalities of Brampton, Mississauga, Markham and Vaughan. This work was published in Frances Frisken and Marcia Wallace, The Response of the Municipal Public Service Sector to the Challenge of Immigrant Settlement, a report prepared for Citizenship and Immigration Canada, 2000/2002, available at http://www.settlement.org/sys/library_detail.asp?PageID=REF&passed_lang= EN&doc_id=1002328. The research was then expanded to include the Town of Richmond Hill in York Region, the regional municipalities of Durham and Halton and five of their municipalities: Ajax, Pickering, Whitby, Burlington and Oakville.
24. Rose Lee, Toronto Access and Equity Unit, Strategic and Corporate Policy Division, Chief Administrator's Office, private communication, 8 May 2001.
25. Regional Municipality of York, Human Services Strategy. Final Report (Newmarket, Municipality, 2000), p.13.
26. Peel Health Department, "Community Outreach with Peel's Ethnospecific Communities, Phase 1. A Working Paper" [unpublished, 1998].