Snowpack properties for snow profile analysis

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 233-241

  Schweizer, Jürg ^a   Jamieson, J Bruce ^b  

^a WSL INSTITUTE FOR SNOW AND AVALANCHE RESEARCH SLF   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Avalanche forecasting; Avalanche formation; Skier triggering; Snow cover profile; Snow cover stability; Snow stability evaluation

Indexed keywords

DATA REDUCTION; GRAIN SIZE AND SHAPE; HARDNESS;

SKIER-TRIGGERED SLOPES;

SNOW;

AVALANCHE; SNOWPACK; TRIGGER MECHANISM;

EID: 0142156044     PISSN: 0165232X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-232X(03)00067-3     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Atkins D. Williams K. 50 years of avalanche deaths in the United States Proceedings ISSW 2000, International Snow Science Workshop, Big Sky, Montana, USA, 1-6 October 2000 2001 16-20 American Avalanche Association P.O. Box 1032, Bozeman, MT 59771, USA
2. Breiman L. Friedman J.H. Olshen R.A. Stone C.J. Classification and Regression Trees 1984 CRC Press Boca Raton, USA
3. CAA Observation Guidelines and Recording Standards for Weather, Snowpack and Avalanches 2002 Canadian Avalanche Association Revelstoke, BC, Canada
4. Colbeck S.C. Akitaya E. Armstrong R. Gubler H. Lafeuille J. Lied K. McClung D. Morris E. The International Classification of Seasonal Snow on the Ground 1990 International Commission on Snow and Ice (ICSI), International Association of Scientific Hydrology Wallingford, Oxon, UK
5. Ferguson, S.A., 1984. The role of snowpack structure in avalanching. PhD Thesis. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. 150 pp.
6. Flury B. Riedwyl H. Multivariate Statistics: A Practical Approach 1988 Chapman - Hall London, UK
7. Föhn P.M.B. The Rutschblock as a practical tool for slope stability evaluation IAHS Publ. 162 1987 223-228
8. Jamieson J.B. The compression test-after 25 years Avalanche Rev. 18 1 1999 10-12
9. Jamieson J.B. Geldsetzer T. Avalanche Accidents in Canada, 1984-1996 vol. 4 1996 Canadian Avalanche Association Revelstoke, BC, Canada
10. Jamieson J.B. Johnston C.D. Monitoring a shear frame stability index and skier-triggered slab avalanches involving persistent snowpack weaknesses Proceedings ISSW 1994, International Snow Science Workshop, Snowbird, Utah, USA, 30 October-3 November 1994 1995 14-21 ISSW '94 P.O. Box 49, Snowbird, UT 84092, USA.
11. Jamieson J.B. Johnston C.D. Evaluation of the shear frame test for weak snowpack layers Ann. Glaciol. 32 2001 59-68
12. McCammon I. Schweizer J. A field method for identifying structural weaknesses in the snowpack Stevens J.R. Proceedings ISSW 2002. International Snow Science Workshop, Penticton BC, Canada, 29 September-4 October 2002 2002 477-481
13. McClung D.M. Schaerer P. The Avalanche Handbook 1993 The Mountaineers Seattle, WA, USA
14. Sanders D.H. Statistics: A First Course 1995 McGraw-Hill New York
15. Schweizer, J., 2002. The Rutschblock test-procedure and application in Switzerland. The Avalanche Review 20 (5), 1,14-15.
16. Schweizer J. Jamieson J.B. Snow cover properties for skier triggering of avalanches Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 33 2-3 2001 207-221
17. Schweizer J. Lütschg M. Characteristics of human-triggered avalanches Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 33 2-3 2001 147-162
18. Schweizer J. Wiesinger T. Snow profile interpretation for stability evaluation Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 33 2-3 2001 188-189
19. Spiegel M.R. Stephens L.J. Schaum's outline of theory and problems of statistics Schaum's Outline Series 1999 McGraw-Hill New York
20. Tschirky F. Brabec B. Kern M. Avalanche rescue systems in Switzerland: Experience and limitations Proceedings ISSW 2000, International Snow Science Workshop, Big Sky, Montana, USA, 1-6 October 2000 2001 369-376 American Avalanche Association P.O. Box 1032, Bozeman, MT 59771, USA