Hormone replacement therapy: Prothrombotic vs. protective effects

Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis

Volumn 32, Issue 5-6, 2002, Pages 329-332

  Lowe, Gordon D O ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^b GLASGOW ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATED PROTEIN C; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 7; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 9; PROTEIN C;

ACTIVATED PROTEIN C RESISTANCE; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; HEART INFARCTION; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; PLASMA FACTOR; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROBABILITY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RANDOMIZATION; REDUCTION; RISK FACTOR; THROMBOEMBOLISM; THROMBOSIS; TREATMENT CONTRAINDICATION; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; ESTROGEN THERAPY; FEMALE; REVIEW;

CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CORONARY DISEASE; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; FEMALE; HUMANS; RISK FACTORS; THROMBOSIS;

EID: 0142135562     PISSN: 14248832     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000073592     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (43)

1. Tunstall-Pedoe H, Cardiovascular risk in women: the cardidogist's perspective. QJM 2000; 93:388.
2. Psaty BM, Heckbert SR, Atkins D, Siscovick DS, Koepsell TD, Wahl PW, Longstreth WT Jr, Weiss NS, Wagner EH, Prentice R. A review of the association of estrogens and progestins with cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med 1993; 153: 1421-1427
3. Grady D, Rubin SM, Petitti DB, Fox CS, Black D, Ettinger B, Ernster VL, Cummings SR. Hormone therapy to prevent disease and prolong life in postmenopausal women. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117: 1016-1037
4. Posthuma WF, Westendorp RG, Vandenbroucke JP. Cardioprotective effect of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women: is the evidence biased? BMJ 1994; 308: 1268-1269
5. Rosendaal FR, Helmerhorst FM, Vandenbroucke JP. Female hormones and thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002; 22: 201-210
6. Beral V, Banks E, Reeves G. Evidence from randomised trials on the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy. Lancet 2002; 360: 942-944
7. Lowe GDO. Coagulation, fibrinolysis and hormone replacement therapy. In Shaw, R.W. (ed). Oestrogen Deficiency. Causes and Consequences. Carnforth, UK: Parthenon, 1996; 29-44
8. Meade TW. Hormone replacement therapy and haemostatic function. Thromb Haemost 1997; 78: 765-769
9. Woodward, M., Lowe, G.D.O., Rumley, A., Tunstall-Pedoe, H., Philippou, H., Lane, D.A., Morrison, C.E. Epidemiology of coagulation factors, inhibitors and activation markers: The Third Glasgow MONICA Survey. II. Relationships to cardiovascular risk factors and prevalent cardiovascular disease. British Journal of Haematology, 1997, 97, 785-797.
10. Medical Research Council, General Practice Research Framework. Randomised comparison of oestrogen versus oestrogen plus progestogen hormone replacement therapy in women with hysterectomy. BMJ 1996; 312: 473-478
11. de Valk-de Roo GW, Stehouwer CDA, Emeis JJ, Nicolaas-Merkus A, Netelenbos C. Unopposed oestrogen increases total plasma factor VII, but not active factor VII. Thromb Haemost 2000; 84: 968-72
12. Vehkavaava S, Silveira A, Hakala-Ala-Pietila T, Virkamaki A, Hovalta O, Hamsten A, Taskinen M-R, Yki-Jarvinen H. Effects of oral and transdermal oestrogen replacement therapy on markers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, inflammation and serum lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women. Thromb Haemost 2001; 85: 619-625
13. Lowe GDO. Factor IX and thrombosis. British Journal of Haematology, 2001, 115: 507-513
14. Lowe, G.D.O., Rumley, A., Woodward, M., Morrison, C.E., Philippou, H., Lane, D.A., Tunstall-Pedoe, H. Epidemiology of coagulation factors, inhibitors and activation markers: The Third Glasgow MONICA Survey. I. Illustrative reference ranges by age, sex and hormone use. British Journal of Haematology, 1997, 97, 775-784.
15. Peverill RE, Teede HJ, Smolich JJ, Malan E, Kotsopoulos D, Tipping PG, McGrath BP. Effects of combined oral hormone replacement therapy on tissue factor pathway inhibitor and factor VII. Clin Sci Mol Med2001; 101: 93-99
16. Lowe, G.D.O., Rumley, A., Woodward, M., Reid, E. Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism. Lancet, 1997, 349, 1623 (letter).
17. Lowe, G.D.O., Rumley, A., Woodward, M., Reid, E., Rumley, J. Activated protein C resistance and the FV: R506Q mutation in a random population sample: associations with cardiovascular risk factors and coagulation variables. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 1999; 81: 918-924
18. Lowe G.D.O., Upton M.N., Rumley A., McConnachie A., O'Reilly D.S.J., Watt G.C.M. Different effect of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapies on Factor IX, APC resistance, t-PA, PAI and C-reactive protein: a cross-sectional population survey. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2001; 86: 550-556
19. Hoibraaten E, Mowinckel M-C, de Ronde H, Bertina RM, Sandset PM. Hormone replacement therapy and acquired resistance to activated protein C: results of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Haematol 2001; 115: 415-420
20. Demirol A, Baykal C, Kirazli S, Ayhan A. Effects of hormone replacement on haemostasis in spontaneous menopause. Menopause 2001; 8: 135-140
21. Post MS, Rosing J, van der Mooren MJ, Zweegman S, van Baal WM, Kenemans P, Stehouwer CDA. Increased resistance to activated protein C after short-term oral hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopauseal women. Br J Haematol 2002; 119: 1017-1023
22. Douketis JD, Gordon M, Johnston M, Julian JA, Adachi JR, Ginsberg JS. The effects of hormone replacement therapy on thrombin generation, fibrinolysis inhibition, and resistance to activated protein C. Thromb Res 2000; 99: 25-34
23. Scarabin P-Y, Alhenc-Gelos M, Plu-Bureau G, Taisre P, Agher R, Aiach M. Effects of oral and transdermal oestrogen/progesterone regimens on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in postmenopausal women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17: 3071-3078
24. Teede HJ, McGrath BP, Smolick JJ, Malan E, Kotsopoulos D, Liang Y-L, Peverill RE. Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy increases coagulation activity and fibrinolysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20: 1404-1409
25. Hoibraaten E, Qvigstad E, Anderson TO, Mowinckel M-C, Sandset P-M. The effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on haemostatic variables in women with previous venous thromboembolism-results from a randomised, double-blind, clinical trial. Thromb Haemost 2001; 85: 775-781
26. Clark P et al. Lancet 2001
27. Van Wijk MJ, Boer K, Berckmans RJ, Meijers JCM, van der Post JAM, Sturk A, Van Barel E, Nieuwland R. Enhanced coagulation activation in preeclampsia: the role of APC resistance, microparticles and other plasma constituents. Thromb Haemost 2002; 88: 415-420
28. van Baal WM, Kenemans P, van der Mooren MJ, et al, Increased C-reactive protein levels during short term hormone replacement therapy in healthy post- menopausal women. Thromb Haemost 1999; 81: 925-928
29. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Rifai N, Buring JE, Manson JE. Hormone replacement therapy and increased plasma concentration of C-reactive protein. Circulation 1999; 100: 713-716
30. Cushman M, Legault C, Barrett-Connor E, et al. Effect of postmenopausal hormones on inflammation-sensitive proteins: the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Study. Circulation 1999; 100:717-722
31. Brooks-Asplund EM, Tupper CE, Daun JM, Kenney WL, Cannon JG. Hormonal modulation of interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor and associated receptor secretion in postmenopausal women. Cytokine 2002; 19: 193-200
32. Pradhan AD, Manson JE, Rossouw JE, Siscovick DS, Mouton CP, Rifai N, Wallace RB, Jackson RD, Pettinger MB, Ridker PM. Inflammatory biomarkers, hormone replacement therapy, and incident coronary heart disease. JAMA 2002; 288: 980-987
33. Rosenson RS, Tangney CC, Mosca LJ. Hormone replacement therapy improves cardiovascular risk by lowering plasma viscosity in postmenopausal women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1998; 18: 1920-1905
34. Frohlich et al Br J Haematol 2000
35. Shahar E, Folsom AR, Salomaa VV, Stinson VL, McGovern PG, Shimakawa T, Chambless LE, Wu KK. Relation of hormone replacement therapy to measures of plasma fibrinolytic activity. Circulation 1996; 93: 1970-1975
36. Cushman M, Meilahn EN, Psaty BM, Kuller LH, Dobs AS, Tracy RP. Hormone replacement therapy, inflammation, and haemostasis in elderly women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19: 893-899
37. Koh KK, Horne MK III, Cannon RO III. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on coagulation, fibrinolysis, and thrombosis risk in postmenopausal women. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82: 626-633
38. Lowe, G.D.O., Woodward, M., Vessey, M.P., Rumley, A., Gough, P., Daly, E. Thrombotic variables and risk of idiopathic venous thromboembolism in women aged 45-64 years: relationships to hormone replacement therapy. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2000; 83: 530-535
39. Rosendaal FR, Vessey M, Rumley A, Daly E, Woodward M, Helmerhorst FM, Lowe GDO. Hormonal replacement therapy, prothrombotic mutations and the risk of venous thrombosis. British Journal of Haematology, 2002; 116: 851-854
40. Herrington DM, Vittinghoff E, Howard TD, Major DA, Owen J, Reboussin DM, Bowden D, Bittner V, Simon JA, Grady D, Hulley SB. Factor V Leiden, hormone replacement therapy, and risk of venous thromboembolic events in women with coronary disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002; 22: 1012-1017
41. Vandenbroucke JP, Koster T, Briet E, Reitsma PH, Bertina RM, Rosendaal FR. Increased risk of venous thrombosis in oral-contraceptive users who are carriers of factor V Leiden mutation. Lancet 1994; 344: 1453-1457
42. Lowe G.D.O., Rumley A., Woodward M., Vessey M. C-reactive protein, idiopathic venous thrombo-embolism and hormone replacement therapy. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2000; 84: 730-741
43. Scarabin, Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. A national clinical guideline. (SIGN guideline 62) Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), Edinburgh, 2002