An Index of Self-Regulation of Emotion and the Study of Repression in Social Contexts That Threaten or Do Not Threaten Self-Concept

Emotion

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 215-232

  Mendolia, Marilyn ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; CONTROL; DEFENSE MECHANISM; EMOTION; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEEDBACK SYSTEM; FEMALE; HUMAN; INDIVIDUALITY; MALE; PERCEPTION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOMETRY; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL DISTANCE; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; STUDENT;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AROUSAL; EMOTIONS; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEEDBACK; FEMALE; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALITY; INTERNAL-EXTERNAL CONTROL; MALE; PSYCHOMETRICS; REPRESSION; REPRESSION-SENSITIZATION; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL DISTANCE; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL PERCEPTION; STUDENTS;

EID: 0142124915     PISSN: 15283542     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.2.3.215     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Anderson J.R. Cognitive psychology (1985), Freeman, New York
2. Asendorpf J.B., and Scherer K.R. The discrepant repressor: Differentiation between low anxiety, high anxiety, and repression of anxiety by autonomic-facial-verbal patterns of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45 (1983) 1334-1346
3. Barger S.D., Kircher J.C., and Croyle R.T. The effect of social context and defensiveness on the physiological responses of repressive copers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73 (1997) 1118-1128
4. Baumeister R.F. The self. In: Lindzey G. (Ed). The handbook of social psychology Vol. 1 (1998), McGraw-Hill, New York 680-740
5. Baumeister R.F., and Cairns K.J. Repression and self-presentation: When audiences interfere with self-deceptive strategies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 62 (1992) 851-862
6. Bendig A.W. The development of a short form of the Manifest Anxiety Scale. Journal of Consulting Psychology 20 (1956) 384
7. Bower G.H. Mood and memory. American Psychologist 36 (1981) 129-148
8. Bradley M. Emotion and motivation. In: Berntson G.G. (Ed). Handbook of psychophysiology (2000), Cambridge University Press, New York 602-642
9. Breuer, J. & Freud, S. (1955). Studies on hysteria. (J. Strachey, Trans.). New York: Basic Books. (Original work published 1895).
10. Broadbent D.E. Perception and communication (1958), Pergamon Press, New York
11. Brosschot J.F., de Ruiter C., and Kindt M. Processing bias in anxious subjects and repressors, measured by emotional Stroop interference and attentional allocation. Personality and Individual Differences 26 (1999) 777-793
12. Byrne D. Repression-sensitization as a dimension of personality. In: Maher B.A. (Ed). Progress in experimental personality research (1964), Academic Press, San Diego, CA 169-220
13. Carver C.S., and Scheier M.F. Attention and self-regulation: A control-theory approach to human behavior (1981), Springer-Verlag, New York
14. Clark M.S., and Isen A.M. Toward understanding the relationship between feeling states and social behavior. In: Isen A.M. (Ed). Cognitive social psychology (1982), Elsevier, New York 73-108
15. Cohen J., and Cohen P. Applied multiple regression/correlation analyses for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. (1983), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ
16. Cronbach L.J., and Furby L. How we should measure "change": Or should we?. Psychological Bulletin 74 (1970) 68-90
17. Crowne D.P., and Marlowe D.A. A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology 24 (1960) 349-354
18. Davis P.J. Repression and the inaccessibility of affective memories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 53 (1987) 585-593
19. Davis P.J., and Schwartz G.E. Repression and the inaccessibility of affective memories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52 (1987) 155-162
20. Dawkins K., and Furnham A. The colour naming of emotional words. British Journal of Psychology 80 (1989) 383-389
21. Derakshan N., and Eysenck M.W. Working memory capacity in high trait-anxious and repressor groups. Cognition and Emotion 12 (1998) 697-713
22. Duval S., and Wicklund R.A. A theory of objective self-awareness (1972), Academic Press, San Diego, CA
23. Egloff B., and Krohne H.W. Repressive emotional discreteness after failure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70 (1996) 1318-1326
24. Ekman P., and Friesen W.V. Unmasking the face (1975), Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
25. Erdelyi M.H. A new look at the New Look: Perceptual defense and vigilance. Psychological Review 81 (1974) 1-25
26. Erdelyi M.H. Repression, reconstruction, and defense: History and integration of the psychoanalytic and experimental frameworks. In: Singer J.L. (Ed). Repression and dissociation: Implications for personality, psychopathology, and health (1990), The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1-31
27. Eysenck H.J., and Eysenck S.B.G. Manual of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (1975), Educational and Industrial Testing Service, San Diego, CA
28. Eysenck M.W. Anxiety: The cognitive perspective (1992), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ
29. Eysenck M.W. Anxiety and cognition: A unified theory (1997), Psychology Press, Hove, England
30. Forgas J.P. Mood and judgment: The affect infusion model (AIM). Psychological Bulletin 117 (1995) 39-66
31. Forgas J.P. Toward understanding the role of affect in social thinking and behavior. Psychological Inquiry 13 (2002) 90-102
32. Forgas J.P., and Bower G.H. Mood effects on person-perception judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 53 (1987) 53-60
33. Fowles D.C., Cristie M.J., Edelberg R., Grings W.W., Lykken D.T., and Venables P.H. Publication recommendations for electrodermal measurements. Psychophysiology 18 (1981) 232-239
34. Fox E. Allocation of visual attention and anxiety. Cognition and Emotion 7 (1993) 207-215
35. Freud, S. (1957). Repression. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 14, pp. 146-158). London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published 1915).
36. Fridlund A.J., and Cacioppo J.T. Guidelines for human electromyographic research. Psychophysiology 23 (1986) 567-589
37. Fridlund A.J., Schwartz G.E., and Fowler S.C. Pattern recognition of self-reported emotional state from multiple-site facial EMG activity during affective imagery. Psychophysiology 21 (1984) 622-637
38. Hansen C.H., Hansen R.D., and Shantz D.W. Repression at encoding: Discrete appraisals of emotional stimuli. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 63 (1992) 1026-1035
39. Hansen R.D., and Hansen C.H. Repression of emotional tagged memories: The architecture of less complex emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 55 (1988) 811-818
40. Higgins E.T. The "self-digest": Self-knowledge serving self-regulatory functions. Psychological Review 94 (1996) 319-340
41. Hugdahl K. Psychophysiology (1995), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
42. Jennings J.R., Berg W.K., Hutcheson J.S., Obrist P., Porges S., and Turpin G. Publication guidelines for heart rate studies in man. Psychophysiology 18 (1981) 226-231
43. Judd C.M., and McClelland G.H. Data analysis: A model-comparison approach (1989), Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, San Diego, CA
44. Lacey J.I. Somatic response patterning and stress: Some revisions of activation theory. In: Trumbull R. (Ed). Psychological stress: Issues in research (1967), Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York 4-44
45. Lacey J.I., and Lacey B.C. Some autonomic-central nervous system interrelationships. In: Black P. (Ed). Physiological correlates of emotion (1970), Academic Press, San Diego, CA W205-227
46. Lang P.J., Bradley M.M., and Cuthbert B.N. Motivated attention: Affect, activation, and action. In: Balaban M. (Ed). Attention and orienting: Sensory and motivational processes (1997), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ 97-135
47. Mathews A., and MacLeod C. Cognitive approaches to emotion and emotional disorders. Annual Review of Psychology 45 (1994) 25-50
48. Matsumoto D., and Ekman P. Japanese and Caucasian facial expressions of emotion and neutral faces (1988), San Francisco State University, Department of Psychology, San Francisco, CA
49. Maxwell S.E., and Delaney H.D. Bivariate median splits and spurious statistical significance. Psychological Bulletin 113 (1993) 181-190
50. McCrae R.R., and Costa P.T. Social desirability scales: More substance than style. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 51 (1983) 882-888
51. Mendolia M. Repressors' appraisals of emotional stimuli in threatening and nonthreatening positive emotional contexts. Journal of Research in Personality 33 (1999) 1-26
52. Mendolia M., Moore J., and Tesser A. Dispositional and situational determinants of repression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70 (1996) 856-867
53. Mogg K., and Bradley B.P. Orienting of attention to threatening facial expressions presented under conditions of restricted awareness. Cognition and Emotion 13 (1999) 713-740
54. Mogg K., Bradley B.P., Dixon C., Fisher S., Twelftree H., and McWillians A. Trait anxiety, defensiveness and selective processing of threat: An investigation using two measures of attentional bias. Personality and Individual Differences 28 (2000) 1063-1077
55. Myers L.B., and McKenna F.P. The colour naming of socially threatening words. Personality and Individual Differences 20 (1996) 801-803
56. Newlin D.B. Relationships of pulse transmission times to pre-ejection period and blood pressure. Psychophysiology 18 (1981) 316-321
57. Newton T.L., and Contrada R.J. Repressive coping and verbal-autonomic response dissociation: The influence of social context. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 62 (1992) 159-167
58. Niedenthal P.M., Halberstadt J.B., Margolin J., and Innes-Ker A.H. Emotional state and the detection of change in facial expression of emotion. European Journal of Social Psychology 30 (2000) 211-222
59. Overall J.E., and Woodward J.A. Unreliability of difference scores: A paradox for measurement of change. Psychological Bulletin 82 (1975) 85-86
60. Papillo J.F., and Shapiro D. The cardiovascular system. In: Tassinary L.G. (Ed). Principles of psychophysiology (1990), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England 456-512
61. Pelham B.W., and Swann W.B. From self-conceptions to self-worth: On the sources and structure of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57 (1989) 672-680
62. Schiffenbauer A. Effect of observer's emotional state on judgments of the emotional state of others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 30 (1974) 31-35
63. Shiffrin R.M. Capacity limitations in information processing, attention, and memory. In: Estes W.K. (Ed). Handbook of learning and cognitive processes Vol. 4 (1976), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ 177-236
64. Siddle D.A., and Turpin G.E. Measurement, quantification, and analysis of cardiac activity. In: Venables P.H. (Ed). Techniques in psychophysiology (1980), Wiley, New York 139-246
65. Sokolov E.N., and Cacioppo J.T. Orienting and defense reflexes: Vector coding the cardiac response. In: Balaban M. (Ed). Attention and orienting: Sensory and motivational processes (1997), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ 1-22
66. Srull T.K. Person memory: Some tests of associative storage and retrieval models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 7 (1981) 440-463
67. Srull T.K., Lichtenstein M., and Rothbart M. Associative storage and retrieval processes in person memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 11 (1985) 316-345
68. Swann W.B. Identity negotiation: Where two roads meet. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 53 (1987) 1038-1051
69. Swann W.B., Griffin J.J., Predmore S.C., and Gaines B. The cognitive-affective crossfire: When self-consistency confronts self-enhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52 (1987) 881-889
70. Taylor J. A personality scale of manifest anxiety. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 48 (1953) 285-290
71. Treisman A.M. Monitoring and storage of irrelevant messages in selective attention. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 3 (1964) 448-459
72. Venables P.H., and Christie M.J. Electrodermal activity. In: Venables P.H. (Ed). Techniques in psychophysiology (1980), Wiley, New York 3-67
73. Watson D., Clark L.A., and Tellegen A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54 (1988) 1063-1070
74. Weinberger D.A. The construct validity of the repressive coping style. In: Singer J.L. (Ed). Repression and dissociation: Implications for personality, psychopathology, and health (1990), The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 337-386
75. Weinberger D.A., and Davidson M.N. Styles of inhibiting emotional expression: Distinguishing repressive coping style from impression management. Journal of Personality 62 (1994) 587-613
76. Weinberger D.A., and Schwartz G.E. Distress and restraint as superordinate dimensions of self-reported adjustment: A typological perspective. Journal of Personality 58 (1990) 381-417
77. Weinberger D.A., Schwartz G.E., and Davidson R.J. Low-anxious, high-anxious, and repressive coping styles: Psychometric patterns and behavioral and physiological responses to stress. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 88 (1979) 369-380
78. West S.G., Aiken L.S., and Krull F.L. Experimental personality designs: Analyzing categorical by continuous variable interactions. Journal of Personality 64 (1996) 1-48