The use of ferro-silicate slag from ISF zinc production as a sand replacement in concrete

Cement and Concrete Research

Volumn 33, Issue 12, 2003, Pages 2085-2089

  Morrison, Caroline ^a   Hooper, Rebecca ^b   Lardner, Kevin ^a  

^a BUILDING RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT   (United Kingdom)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Aggregate; Fly ash; Granulated blast furnace slag; Heavy metals; Zinc

Indexed keywords

CEMENTS; HYDRATION; LEACHING; PULVERIZED FUEL; SAND; SLAGS; ZINC;

IMPERIAL SMELTING FURNACE (ISF);

CONCRETES;

EID: 0142029470     PISSN: 00088846     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00234-5     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. P. Dawson, Zinc Statistics, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, www.ilzsg.org, 2002.
2. International Zinc Association, Zinc production and consumption, www.iza.com, 2001.
3. European IPPC Bureau Draft Reference Document on Best Available Techniques in Non Ferrous Metals Industries. 2000;World Trade Centre, Seville.
4. A. Nash, Britannia Zinc, Personal Communication with R. Hooper, BRE, Watford, UK, 1999.
5. Atzeni C., Massida A., Sanna U. Use of granulated slag from lead and zinc processing in concrete technology. Cem. Concr. Res. 26(9):1996;1381-1388.
6. British Standards Institution, BS 882:1992 Specification for Aggregates from Natural Sources for Concrete. 1992;BSI, London.
7. Ito H., Nakamura T., Kawahara M., Morinaga K. Phase transformations and leaching characteristics of lead and zinc slag after heat treatment. Azakami T. Zinc and Lead '95, Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Extraction and Applications of Zinc and Lead. 1995;502-511 Tohuku University, Sendai.
8. Kawahara M., Morinaga K., Ito H., Nakamura T. The potential of zinc slag as part of brick material source. Azakami T. Zinc and Lead '95, Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Extraction and Applications of Zinc and Lead. 1995;516-519 Tohuku University, Sendai.
9. Sugita S., Shoya M., Sugawara T. Studies on the properties of concrete with zinc slag as fine aggregate. CAJ Rev. 1988;92-95.
10. Lea F.M. The Chemistry of Cement and Concrete. 3rd ed. 1970;Edward Arnold, London.
11. Thomas N.L., Jameson D.A., Double D.D. The effect of lead nitrate on the early hydration of Portland cement. Cem. Concr. Res. 11:1981;143-153.
12. Stepanova I.N., Lukina L.G., Svatovskaya L.B., Sychev M.M. Hardening of cement pastes in presence of chlorides of 3d elements. J. Appl. Chem. c/c Zh. Prokl. Khim. 54:1981;885-888.
13. Tashiro C., Takahasi H., Kanaya M., Hirakida I., Yoshida R. Hardening property of cement mortar adding heavy metal compound and solubility of heavy metal from hardened mortar. Cem. Concr. Res. 7:1977;283-290.
14. 3S. Proc. 7th Int. Cong. Chem. Cement, Paris. vol. II:1980;37-42.
15. Sharma R.K., Kumar S., De A.K., Ray P.K. Use of fly ash as an ion exchanger in water filtration studies for the removal of heavy metals. J. Environ. Sci. Health. A25(6):1990;637-651.
16. Leu M.-H., Chang J.-E., Chen I.-P. Evaluation of the detoxification process for treating biosolids from an integrated industrial wastewater treatment plant. Proc. 13th Int. Conf. Solid Waste Technol. Manage. 4A/6:1997;1-7.
17. Rouse J.V. Removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents. J. Environ. Eng. Div. 1976;929-936.
18. Schünard G. Comparison of the effect of lime and a cation exchanger on the fixation of heavy metals in soil. Landwertech. Forschung. 32(4):1979;395-404.
19. García-Miragaya J., Dávalos M. Sorption and desorption of Zn on Ca-kaolinite. Water Air Soil Pollut. 27:1986;217-224.
20. Albino V., Cioffi R., Pansini M., Colella C. Disposal of lead-containing zeolite sludges in cement matrix. Environ. Technol. 16:1995;147-156.
21. Poon C.S., Peters C.J., Perry R. Mechanisms of metal stabilization by cement based fixation processes. Sci. Total Environ. 41:1985;55-71.
22. Poon C.S., Clark A.I., Peters C.J., Perry R. Mechanisms of metal fixation and leaching by cement based fixation processes. Waste Manage. Res. 3:1985;127-142.
23. Salas R.K. Disposal of liquid waste by chemical fixation/solidification - the Chemfix® process. Pojasek R. Toxic and Hazardous Waste Disposal. Processes For Stabilization/Solidification. vol. 1:1979;321-348 Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Michigan.
24. J.R. Conner, Method of making wastes non-polluting and disposable, United States Patent #3837872, September 24, 1974.
25. J.R. Conner, R.J. Polosky, Method of improving the quality of leachate from sanitary landfills, United States Patent #3841102, October 15, 1974.
26. British Standards Institution, BS 3892-1:1997, Pulverized-fuel ash, Specification for Pulverized-Fuel Ash for Use with Portland Cement, BSI, London, 1997.
27. British Standards Institution BS 6699:1992, Specification for Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag for Use With Portland Cement. 1992;BSI, London.
28. BRE Digest 330, Alkali-Silica Reaction in Concrete, Construction Research Communications, London, 1999.
29. BS 8500-2:2002, Concrete, Complementary British Standard to BS EN 206-1, Specification for Constituent Materials and Concrete. 1997;British Standards Institution, London.
30. The Concrete Society Alkali-Silica Reaction: Minimising the Risk of Damage to Concrete, TR No. 30. 1999;The Concrete Society, Crowthorne.
31. Working party into alternative methods to minimise ASR, "Specification of durable concrete: alternative methods for minimising the risk of damaging ASR in concrete" BRE Report Number 205-404, Restricted circulation, 2002.
32. Hughes M.L., Haliburton T.A. The use of zinc smelter waste as highway construction material. Highw. Res. Rec. 430:1973;16-25.