The performance of culture-based methods and microscopy for quantification of noninfectious airborne microorganisms in epidemiological studies of highly contaminated work environments

American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal

Volumn 64, Issue 5, 2003, Pages 684-689

  Eduard, Wijnand ^a,b  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH   (Norway)

^b ICOH X2001 Conference on Exposure Assessment   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Epidemiology measurement methods; Microorganisms

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; AIRBORNE INFECTION; AIRBORNE PARTICLE; ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM CULTURE; MEASUREMENT; MICROORGANISM; MICROSCOPY; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; WORK ENVIRONMENT;

AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; BACTERIA; BACTERIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; FUNGI; HUMANS; MICROSCOPY; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 0141926557     PISSN: 15428117     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15428110308984864     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Pepys, J., and P.A. Jenkins: Precipitin (F.L.H.) test in farmer’s lung. Thorax 20:21–35 (1965).
2. Parkes, W.R.: Occupational Lung Disorders, 2nd ed.London: Butterworths, 1982.
3. Eduard, W., and D. Heederik: Methods for quantitative assessment of airborne levels of noninfectious micro-organisms in highly contaminated work environments. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 59:113–127 (1998).
4. Palmgren, U., G. Ström, G. Blomquist, and P. Malmberg: Collection of airborne microorganisms on Nuclepore filters: Estimation and analysis—CAMNEA method. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 41:401–406 (1986).
5. Eduard, W., P. Sandven, B.V. Johansen, and R. Bruun: Identification and quantification of mold spores by scanning electron microscopy (SEM): Analysis of filter samples collected in Norwegian saw mills. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 32(suppl 1):447–455 (1988).
6. Lange, J.L., P.S. Thorne, and N. Lynch: Application of flow cytometry and fluorescent in situ hybridization for assessment of exposures to airborne bacteria Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:1557–1563 (1997).
7. Committee on Organic Dusts of the International Commission on Occupational Health: Endotoxins in the environment: a criteria document. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 3(suppl):S1–S48 (1997).
8. Topping, M.D., D.A. Scarisbrick, C.M. Luczynska, E.C. Clarke, and A. Seaton: Clinical and immunological reactions to Aspergillus niger among workers at a biotechnology plant. Brit. J. Ind. Med. 48: 312–318 (1985).
9. Douwes, J., B. van der Sluis, G. Doekes, et al.: Fungal extracellular polysaccharides in house dust as a marker for exposure to fungi: Relations with culturable fungi, reported home dampness and respiratory symptoms. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 103:494–500 (1999).
10. Larsson, L.: Determination of microbial chemical markers by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry—potential for diagnosis and studies on metabolism in situ. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. Scand. 102:161–169 (1994).
11. Rylander, R., K. Persson, H. Goto, K. Yuasa, and S. Tanaka: Airborne beta-1,3-glucan may be related to symptoms in sick buildings. Indoor Environ. 1:263–267 (1992).
12. Douwes, J., G. Doekes, R. Monteijn, D. Heederik, and B. Brunekreef: Measurement of b(1®3) glucans in the occupational and home environment with an inhibition enzyme immunoassay. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:3176–3182 (1996).
13. Shahan, T.A., W.G. Sorenson, and D.M. Lewis: Superoxide anion production in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and fungal spores implicated in organic dust toxic syndrome. Environ. Res. 67: 98–107 (1994).
14. Dutkiewicz, J.: Studies of endotoxins of Erwinia herbicola and their biological activity. Zbl. Bakt. Hyg. 1 Abt. Orig. A 236:487–508 (1976).
15. Thurston, J.R., S.J. Cysewski, and J.L. Richard: Exposure of rabbits to spores of Aspergillus fumigatus or Penicillium sp.: Survival of fungi and microscopic changes in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Am. J. Vet. Res. 40:1443–1449 (1979).
16. Baseler, M.W., B. Fogelmark, and R. Burrell: Differential toxicity of inhaled gram-negative bacteria. Infect. Immunol. 40:133–138 (1983).
17. Fogelmark, B., J. Lacey, and R. Rylander: Experimental allergic alveolitis after exposure to different microorganisms. Int. J. Exp. Path. 72:387–395 (1991).
18. Heederik, D., R. Brouwer, K. Biersteker, and J.S.M. Boleij: Relationship of airborne endotoxin and bacteria levels in pig farms with the lung function and respiratory symptoms of farmers. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 62:595–601 (1991).
19. Sprince, N.L., P. Thorne, W. Popendorf, C. Zwerling, E.R. Miller, and J.A. DeKoster: Respiratory symptoms and lung function abnormalities among machine operators in automobile production. Am. J. Ind. Med. 31:403–413 (1997).
20. Kriebel, D., S.R. Sama, S. Woskie, et al.: A field investigation of the acute respiratory effects of metal working fluids. 1. Effects of aerosol exposures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 31:756–766 (1997).
21. Mandryk, J., K.U. Alwis, and A.D. Hockling: Work-related symptoms and dose-response relationships for personal exposures and pulmonary function among woodworkers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 35:481–490 (1999).
22. Alwis, K.U., J. Mandryk, and A.D. Hockling: Exposure to biohazards in wood dust: Bacteria, fungi, endotoxins, and (1®3)-b -Dglucans. Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 14:598–608 (1999).
23. Hedenstierna, G., R. Alexandersson, L. Belin, K. Wimander, and G. Rosén: Lung function and Rhizopus antibodies in wood trimmers. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 58:167–177 (1986).
24. Hansen, J., U. Ivens, N. Breum, et al.: Respiratory symptoms among Danish waste collectors. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 4:69–74 (1997).
25. Ivens, U., N. Breum, N. Ebbehøj, B.H. Nielsen, O.M. Poulsen, and H. Würtz: Exposure-response relationship between gastrointestinal problems among waste collectors and bioaerosol exposure. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 25:238–245 (1999).
26. Malmberg, P., A. Rask-Andersen, U. Palmgren, S. Ho¨glund, and B. Kolmodin-Hedman: Respiratory problems among Swedish farmers, correlation between symptoms and environment. Eur. J. Respir. Dis. 71(suppl 154):22–27 (1987).
27. Melbostad, E., W. Eduard, A. Skogstad, et al.: Exposure to bacterial aerosols and work-related symptoms in sewage workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 25:59–63 (1994).
28. Dawson, M.W., J.G. Scott, and L.M. Cox: The medical and epidemiologic effects on workers of the levels of airborne Thermoactinomyces spp. spores present in Australian raw sugar mills. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 57:1002–1012 (1996).
29. Robins, T., N. Seixas, A. Franzblau, et al.: Acute respiratory effects on workers exposed to metalworking fluid aerosols in an automotive transmission plant. Am. J. Ind. Med. 31:510–524 (1997).
30. Eduard, W., J. Douwes, R. Mehl, D. Heederik, and E. Melbostad: Short-term exposure to airborne microbial agents during farm work: Exposure-response relations with eye and respiratory symptoms. Occup. Environ. Med. 58:113–118 (2001).
31. Eduard, W., P. Sandven, and F. Levy: Exposure and IgG antibodies to mold spores in wood trimmers: Exposure-response relationships with respiratory symptoms. Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 9:44–48 (1994).
32. Eduard, W., G. Blomquist, B.H. Nielsen, and K.K. Heldal: Recognition errors in the quantification of micro-organisms by fluorescence microscopy. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 45:493–498 (2001).