Boundary-layer mantle flow under the Dead Sea transform fault inferred from seismic anisotropy

Nature

Volumn 425, Issue 6957, 2003, Pages 497-501

  Rümpker, Georg ^a   Ryberg, Trond ^a   Bock, Günter ^a  

^a GFZ GERMAN RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GEOSCIENCES   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; BOUNDARY LAYERS; DEFORMATION; SEISMOLOGY;

MANTLE FLOW;

FLOW OF FLUIDS;

LITHOSPHERE; MANTLE PROCESS; PLATE MOTION; PLATE TECTONICS; SEISMIC ANISOTROPY; TRANSFORM FAULT;

ANISOTROPY; ARTICLE; CALCULATION; EARTHQUAKE; GEOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEA; VOLCANO; WAVEFORM;

DEAD SEA;

EID: 0141894895     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature01982     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Holt, W. E., Bingming, S.-T., Haines, J. & Jackson, J. in The History and Dynamics of Global Plate Motions (eds Richards, M. A., Gordon, R. G. & van der Hilst R. D.) 113-141 (American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, 2000).
2. Shachak, P. et al. Current plate motion across the Dead Sea Fault from three years of continuous GPS monitoring. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 10.1029/2001GL013879 (2002).
3. Stern, T. A. & McBride, J. H. Seismic exploration of continental strike-slip zones. Tectonophysics 286, 63-78 (1998).
4. Ben-Menahem, A., Nor, A. & Vered, M. Tectonics, seismicity and structure of the Afro-Eurasian junction - the breaking of an incoherent plate. Phys. Earth. Planet. Inter. 12, 1-50 (1976).
5. Garfunkel, Z. Internal structure of the Dead Sea leaky transform (rift) in relation to plate kinematics. Tectonophysics 80, 81-108 (1981).
6. Van Eck, T. & Hofstetter, A. Microearthquake activity in the Dead Sea region. Geophys. J. Int. 99, 605-620 (1989).
7. Quennel, A. M. The structural and geomorphic evolution of the Dead Sea rift. Q. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 114, 2-24 (1958).
8. Freund, R. et al. The shear along the Dead Sea rift. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 267, 107-130 (1970).
9. McKenzie, D. P., Davies, D. & Molnar, P. Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa. Nature 224, 125-133 (1970).
10. Mart, Y. & Rabinowitz, P. The northern Red Sea and the Dead Sea Rift. Tectonophysics 124, 85-113 (1986).
11. Zhang, S. & Karato, S. Lattice preferred orientation of olivine aggregates deformed in simple shear. Nature 375, 774-777 (1995).
12. Tommasi, A., Tikoff, B. & Vauchez, A. Upper mantle tectonics: Three-dimensional deformation, olivine crystallographic fabrics and seismic properties. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 168, 173-186 (1999).
13. Silver, P. G. & Chan, W. W. Implications for continental structure and evolution from seismic anisotropy. Nature 335, 34-39 (1988).
14. Savage, M. K. & Marson-Pidgeon, K. Frequency dependent anisotropy in Wellington, New Zealand. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24, 3289-3300 (1997).
15. Desert Team, Multinational geoscientific research kicks off in the Middle East. Eos 81, 609, 616-617 (2000).
16. Kind, R., Kosarev, G. L., Makeyeva, L. I. & Vinnik, L. P. Observations of laterally inhomogeneous anisotropy in the continental lithosphere. Nature 318, 358-361 (1985).
17. Silver, P. G. Seismic anisotropy beneath the continents: Probing the depths of geology. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 24, 385-432 (1996).
18. Crampin, S. Geological and industrial implications of extensive-dilatancy anisotropy. Nature 328, 491-496 (1987).
19. Sobolev, S. V., Babeyko, A. Y. & Garfunkel, Z. Desert Group., Thermo-mechanical model of the Dead Sea Transform. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. (submitted).
20. Wolfe, C. J., Vernon, F. L. III & Al-Amri, A. Shear-wave splitting across western Saudi Arabia: The pattern of upper mantle anisotropy at a Proterozoic shield. Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 779-782 (1999).
21. Reinecker, J., Heidbach O. & Müller, B. The 2003 release of the World Stress Map 〈http://www.world-stress-map.org/〉 (2003).
22. Bartov, Y., Avni, Y., Calvo, R. & Frieslander, U. The Zofar fault - A major intra-rift feature in the Arava Rift Valley. Geol. Surv. Israel Curr. Res. 11, 27-32 (1998).
23. Savage, M. K. Seismic anisotropy and mantle deformation: What have we learned from shear wave splitting? Rev. Geophys. 37, 65-106 (1999).
24. McNamara, D. E., Owens, T. J., Silver, P. G. & Wu, F. T. Shear wave anisotropy beneath the Tibetan Plateau. J. Geophys. Res. 99, 13655-13665 (1994).
25. Hirn, A. et al. Seismic anisotropy as an indicator of mantle flow beneath the Himalayas and Tibet. Nature 375, 571-574 (1995).
26. Herquel, G., Tapponnier, P., Wittlinger, G., Mei, J. & Danian, S. Teleseismic shear wave splitting and lithospheric anisotropy beneath and across the Altyn Tagh fault. Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 3225-3228 (1999).
27. Nicolas, A. & Christensen, N. I. in Composition, Structure and Dynamics of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere System (eds Fuchs, K. & Froidevaux, C.) Geodyn. Ser. 16, 111-123 (1987).