Virtue ethics and Kant's cold-hearted benefactor

Journal of Value Inquiry

Volumn 36, Issue 2-3, 2002, Pages 187-204

  Stohr, Karen E ^a  

^a GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0141850970     PISSN: 00225363     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1016192117676     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, trans. H.J. Paton (New York: Harper & Row, 1956); Kant, Kants gesammelte Schiften, ed. Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1902-97), vol. 5, p. 398, abr. Ak 4: 398.
2. Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, trans. H.J. Paton (New York: Harper & Row, 1956); Kant, Kants gesammelte Schiften, ed. Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1902-97), vol. 5, p. 398, abr. Ak 4: 398.
3. See Arthur Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans. E.F.J. Payne (New York: Bobbs-Merrill Schiller, 1965); Philip Mercer, Sympathy and Ethics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972); Michael Stocker, "The Schizophrenia of Modern Ethical Theories," Journal of Philosophy, 73 (1976); Lawrence Blum, Friendship, Altruism, and Morality (Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980).
4. See Arthur Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans. E.F.J. Payne (New York: Bobbs-Merrill Schiller, 1965); Philip Mercer, Sympathy and Ethics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972); Michael Stocker, "The Schizophrenia of Modern Ethical Theories," Journal of Philosophy, 73 (1976); Lawrence Blum, Friendship, Altruism, and Morality (Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980).
5. See Arthur Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans. E.F.J. Payne (New York: Bobbs-Merrill Schiller, 1965); Philip Mercer, Sympathy and Ethics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972); Michael Stocker, "The Schizophrenia of Modern Ethical Theories," Journal of Philosophy, 73 (1976); Lawrence Blum, Friendship, Altruism, and Morality (Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980).
6. See Arthur Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans. E.F.J. Payne (New York: Bobbs-Merrill Schiller, 1965); Philip Mercer, Sympathy and Ethics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972); Michael Stocker, "The Schizophrenia of Modern Ethical Theories," Journal of Philosophy, 73 (1976); Lawrence Blum, Friendship, Altruism, and Morality (Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980).
7. Marcia Baron, Kantian Ethics, Almost Without Apology (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1995); Nancy Sherman, Making a Necessity of Virtue (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
8. Marcia Baron, Kantian Ethics, Almost Without Apology (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1995); Nancy Sherman, Making a Necessity of Virtue (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
9. See Aristotle, Kant, and the Stoics: Rethinking Happiness and Duty, eds. Stephen Engstrom and Jennifer Whiting (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1996). See also Sherman, op. cit., and Rosalind Hursthouse, "Virtue Ethics and the Emotions," in Virtue Ethics A Critical Reader, ed. Daniel Statman (Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 1997), pp. 99-117.
10. See Aristotle, Kant, and the Stoics: Rethinking Happiness and Duty, eds. Stephen Engstrom and Jennifer Whiting (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1996). See also Sherman, op. cit., and Rosalind Hursthouse, "Virtue Ethics and the Emotions," in Virtue Ethics A Critical Reader, ed. Daniel Statman (Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 1997), pp. 99-117.
11. See Aristotle, Kant, and the Stoics: Rethinking Happiness and Duty, eds. Stephen Engstrom and Jennifer Whiting (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1996). See also Sherman, op. cit., and Rosalind Hursthouse, "Virtue Ethics and the Emotions," in Virtue Ethics A Critical Reader, ed. Daniel Statman (Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 1997), pp. 99-117.
12. Hursthouse, op. cit., p. 99.
13. I b i d.
14. Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Ak 4: 398-399.
15. J.C.F. Schiller, Über die Grundlage der Moral, sec. 6, trans. A.B. Bullock; cited in H.J. Paton, The Categorical Imperative (London: Hutchinson, 1963).
16. J.C.F. Schiller, Über die Grundlage der Moral, sec. 6, trans. A.B. Bullock; cited in H.J. Paton, The Categorical Imperative (London: Hutchinson, 1963).
17. See Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, trans. Terence Irwin (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1985), 1105a28-30.
18. Stocker, op. cit. See also Blum, op. cit.
19. Stocker, op. cit., p. 42.
20. Herman, "On the Value of Acting from the Motive of Duty," in The Practice of Moral Judgment (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993), pp. 8-12; also see Sherman, op. cit., p. 151.
21. Herman, "On the Value of Acting from the Motive of Duty," in The Practice of Moral Judgment (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993), pp. 8-12; also see Sherman, op. cit., p. 151.
22. See Blum, op. cit., and Justin Oakley, Morality and the Emotions (London: Routledge, 1992).
23. See Blum, op. cit., and Justin Oakley, Morality and the Emotions (London: Routledge, 1992).
24. See Baron, op. cit., p. 121.
25. Kant, The Metaphysics of Morals, trans. Mary Gregor (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1991), p. 380.
26. Christine Korsgaard, "From Duty and for the Sake of the Noble, " in Engstrom and Whiting, Aristotle, Kant, and the Stoics; Hursthouse, op. cit.
27. Christine Korsgaard, "From Duty and for the Sake of the Noble, " in Engstrom and Whiting, Aristotle, Kant, and the Stoics; Hursthouse, op. cit.
28. Korsgaard, op. cit., p. 223.
29. Hursthouse, op. cit., p. 107.
30. Kant, The Metaphysics of Morals, Ak 6: 484.
31. Kant, Critique of Practical Reason, Ak 5: 83.
32. Ibid., Ak 5: 73.
33. Ibid., Ak 5: 83.
34. Ibid., Ak 5: 83-84.
35. See Richard Henson, "What Kant Might Have Said: Moral Worth and the Over-determination of Dutiful Action," Philosophical Review, 88 (1979); Keith Simmons, "Kant on Moral Worth," History of Philosophy Quarterly, 6 (1989); Walter Schaller, "Should Kantians Care about Moral Worth?, " Dialogue, 32 (1993).
36. See Richard Henson, "What Kant Might Have Said: Moral Worth and the Over-determination of Dutiful Action," Philosophical Review, 88 (1979); Keith Simmons, "Kant on Moral Worth," History of Philosophy Quarterly, 6 (1989); Walter Schaller, "Should Kantians Care about Moral Worth?, " Dialogue, 32 (1993).
37. See Richard Henson, "What Kant Might Have Said: Moral Worth and the Over-determination of Dutiful Action," Philosophical Review, 88 (1979); Keith Simmons, "Kant on Moral Worth," History of Philosophy Quarterly, 6 (1989); Walter Schaller, "Should Kantians Care about Moral Worth?, " Dialogue, 32 (1993).
38. Kant, The Metaphysics of Morals, Ak 6: 457.
39. Ibid., Ak 6: 457.
40. Baron, op. cit.; Sherman, op. cit.
41. Sherman, ibid., p. 158.
42. Baron, op. cit., p. 137.
43. Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Ak 4: 394.
44. Ibid., Ak 4: 398.
45. See Hursthouse, op. cit., pp. 112-114.
46. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 1099a31-b6.
47. Ibid., 1124a24.
48. Aristotle, Politics, trans. T.A. Sinclair, rev. T.J. Saunders (London: Penguin Books, 1981), 1260a9-16.
49. Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Ak 4: 428; Kant, Critique of Practical Reason, Ak 5: 118.
50. Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Ak 4: 428; Kant, Critique of Practical Reason, Ak 5: 118.
51. Kant, The Metaphysics of Morals, Ak 6: 457.
52. Kant, Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone, trans. Theodore Greene and Hoyt Hudson (New York: Harper & Row, 1960), p. 51.
53. Baron, op. cit., p. 123.
54. I am grateful for the help of numerous people on this paper, most especially Tom Hill, but also Geoff Sayre-McCord, Simon Blackburn, Bill Lycan, and Roderick Long. I am also indebted to audiences at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the University of Cincinnati for helpful comments, as well as to several anonymous reviewers.