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Volumn 90, Issue 5, 2003, Pages 1173-1184

Oxidative degradation of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes: Studies of molecular model compounds and selected membranes

Author keywords

Chlorination; Degradation; Membranes; Polyamides; Reverse osmosis

Indexed keywords

CHLORINATION; CHLORINE; DEGRADATION; OSMOSIS MEMBRANES; OXIDATION; PH; POLYAMIDES; REVERSE OSMOSIS;

EID: 0141830263     PISSN: 00218995     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/app.12774     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (121)

References (51)
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    • note
    • Parts per million hr (ppm·hr) is defined as the product of ppm available chlorine and hours of exposure. Under this measure of chlorine exposure 1 ppm available chlorine for 1000 h (1000 ppm·hr) is the same as 100 ppm for 10 h (1000 ppm·hr).
  • 20
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    • note
    • - in solution usually determined by titration or colorimetric methods.
  • 32
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    • Spectrometric identification of organic compounds
    • John Wiley and Sons: New York
    • Silverstein, R. M.; Bassler, G. C.; Morrill, T. C. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1991.
    • (1991)
    • Silverstein, R.M.1    Bassler, G.C.2    Morrill, T.C.3
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    • U.S. Pat. 4,259,183, 0000.
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    • Somanathan, R.1
  • 43
    • 0141482843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Azocoupled products would possess molecular weights that generally lead to very long retention times even at higher temperatures. Degradation of these products and difficulty in their elution from the GC column inhibited us from characterizing the azocoupled products of 9.
  • 44
    • 0141594400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2-chloroacetanilide was used as a standard for the identification of chlorinated products based on their retention times. Once 2-chloroacetanilide was identified, the second mono-chloro-isomer observed in GC/MS analysis was taken to be 4-chloroacetanilide in agreement with published isomer distributions of the Orton rearrangement.
  • 45
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    • note
    • Cleaning protocols for Koch/Fluid Systems RO membrane modules.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.