The nature and management of labor pain: Part II. Pharmacologic pain relief

American Family Physician

Volumn 68, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 1115-1122

  Leeman, Lawrence ^a   Fontaine, Patricia ^b   King, Valerie ^c   Klein, Michael C ^d   Ratcliffe, Stephen ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^e Lancaster Gen Fam Pract Residency   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BUPIVACAINE; FENTANYL CITRATE; LIDOCAINE; LOCAL ANESTHETIC AGENT; NALOXONE; NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST; NITROUS OXIDE PLUS OXYGEN; OPIATE; OXYTOCIN; PETHIDINE; ROPIVACAINE; UTERUS SPASMOLYTIC AGENT;

ANALGESIA; ANESTHESIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES; APGAR SCORE; BACKACHE; BRADYCARDIA; BREAST FEEDING; CESAREAN SECTION; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG PREFERENCE; DRUG SAFETY; EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FEMALE; FEVER; HUMAN; LABOR; LABOR PAIN; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MEMORY DISORDER; NAUSEA; NERVE BLOCK; NEWBORN SEPSIS; OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PARACERVICAL BLOCK; PERINEUM INJURY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RESPIRATION DEPRESSION; REVIEW; URINE INCONTINENCE; VAGINAL DELIVERY; VOMITING;

ANALGESIA, EPIDURAL; ANESTHESIA, OBSTETRICAL; DECISION MAKING; FEMALE; HUMANS; LABOR, OBSTETRIC; NITROUS OXIDE; PAIN; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY OUTCOME;

EID: 0141795549     PISSN: 0002838X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Hawkins JL, Beaty BR, Gibbs CP. Update on obstetric anesthesia practices in the U.S. Anesthesiology 1999;91:A1060.
2. Bricker L, Lavender T. Parenteral opioids for labor pain relief: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186(Suppl 5):S94-109.
3. DeKornfeld TJ, Pearson JW, Lasagna L. Methotrimeprazine in the treatment of labor pain. N Engl J Med 1964;270:391-4.
4. Bofill JA, Vincent RD, Ross EL, Martin RW, Norman PF, Werhan CF, et al. Nulliparous active labor, epidural analgesia, and cesarean delivery for dystocia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;177:1465-70.
5. Loughnan BA, Carli F, Romney M, Dore CJ, Gordon H. Randomized controlled comparison of epidural bupivacaine versus pethidine for analgesia in labour. Br J Anaesth 2000;84:715-9.
6. Sharma SK, Sidawi JE, Ramin SM, Lucas MJ, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. Cesarean delivery: a randomized trial of epidural versus patient-controlled meperidine analgesia during labor. Anesthesiology 1997;87:487-94.
7. Riordan J, Gross A, Angeron J, Krumwiede B, Melin J. The effect of labor pain relief medication on neonatal suckling and breastfeeding duration. J Hum Lact 2000;16:7-12.
8. Nissen E, Lilja G, Matthiesen AS, Ransjo-Arvidsson AB, Uvnas-Moberg K, Widstrom AM. Effects of maternal pethidine on infants' developing breast feeding behaviour. Acta Paediatr 1995;84:140-5.
9. Caton D, Frolich MA, Euliano TY. Anesthesia for childbirth: controversy and change. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186(Suppl 5):S25-30.
10. ACOG committee opinion. Pain relief during labor. No. 231, February 2000. Obstet Gynecol 2000;95:1.
11. Collis RE, Baxandall ML, Srikantharajah ID, Edge G, Kadim MY, Morgan BM. Combined spinal epidural (CSE) analgesia: technique, management, and outcome of 300 mothers. Int J Obstet Anesth 1994;3:75-81.
12. Fontaine P, Adam P, Svendsen KH. Should intrathecal narcotics be used as a sole labor analgesic? A prospective comparison of spinal opioids and epidural bupivacaine. J Fam Pract 2002;51:630-5.
13. Lieberman E, O'Donoghue C. Unintended effects of epidural analgesia during labor: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186(Suppl 5):S31-68.
14. Leighton BL, Halpern SH. The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal, and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186(Suppl 5):S69-77.
15. Ramin SM, Gambling DR, Lucas MJ, Sharma SK, Sidawi JE, Leveno KJ. Randomized trial of epidural versus intravenous analgesia during labor. Obstet Gynecol 1995;86:783-9.
16. Clark A, Carr D, Loyd G, Cook V, Spinnato J. The influence of epidural analgesia on cesarean delivery rates: a randomized, prospective clinical trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998;179:1527-33.
17. Howell CJ, Kidd C, Roberts W, Upton P, Lucking L, Jones PW, et al. A randomised controlled trial of epidural compared with non-epidural analgesia in labour. BJOG 2001;108:27-33.
18. Lieberman E, Lang JM, Frigoletto F Jr, Richardson DK, Ringer SA, Cohen A. Epidural analgesia, intrapartum fever, and neonatal sepsis evaluation. Pediatrics 1997;99:415-9.
19. Chestnut DH, Vincent RD Jr, McGrath JM, Choi WW, Bates JN. Does early administration of epidural analgesia affect obstetric outcome in nulliparous women who are receiving intravenous oxytocin? Anesthesiology 1994;80:1193-200.
20. Chestnut DH, McGrath JM, Vincent RD Jr, Penning DH, Choi WW, Bates JN, et al. Does early administration of epidural analgesia affect obstetric outcome in nulliparous women who are in spontaneous labor? Anesthesiology 1994;80:1201-8.
21. Caton D, Corry MP, Frigoletto FD, Hopkins DP, Lieberman E, Mayberry L. The nature and management of labor pain: executive summary. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186(Suppl 5):S1-15.
22. Mayberry LJ, Clemmens D, De A. Epidural analgesia side effects, co-interventions, and care of women during childbirth: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186(Suppl 5):S81-93.
23. Fraser WD, Marcoux S, Krauss I, Douglas J, Goulet C, Boulvain M. Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of delayed pushing for nulliparous women in the second stage of labor with continuous epidural analgesia. The PEOPLE (Pushing Early or Pushing Late with Epidural) Study Group. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;182:1165-72.
24. Kangas-Saarela T, Kangas-Karki K. Pain and pain relief in labour: Parturients' experiences. Int J Obstet Anesth 1994;3:67-74.
25. Rosen MA. Nitrous oxide for relief of labor pain: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186 (Suppl 5):S110-26.
26. Rosen MA. Paracervical block for labor analgesia: a brief historic review. Am J Obstet. Gynecol 2002;186(Suppl 5):S127-30.
27. Levitt C. Survey of routine maternity care and practices in Canadian hospitals. Ottawa: Canadian Institute of Child Health, 1995.
28. Findley I, Chamberlain G. ABC of labour care. Relief of pain. BMJ 1999;318:927-30.
29. Marmor TR, Krol DM. Labor pain management in the United States: understanding patterns and the issue of choice. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186 (Suppl 5):S173-80.
30. Hawkins JL, Gibbs CP, Orleans M, Martin-Salvaj G, Beaty B. Obstetric anesthesia work force survey, 1981 versus 1992. Anesthesiology 1997;87:135-43.