A high-resolution Holocene sediment record from Húnafló aáll, N Iceland margin: Century- to millennial-scale variability since the Vedde tephra

Holocene

Volumn 13, Issue 5, 2003, Pages 625-638

  Andrews, John T ^a   Hardardóttir, Jórunn ^b   Kristjansdóttir, Gréta B ^a   Grönvold, Karl ^c   Stoner, J S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b National Energy Authority Reykjavik   (Iceland)

^c Nordic Institute of Volcanology   (Iceland)

Author keywords

High resolution; Holocene; Iceland; Marine sediment properties; Sediment drift; Sediment magnetic properties; Spectral analysis; Thermohaline circulation

Indexed keywords

HOLOCENE; MAGNETIC MINERAL; SEDIMENT ANALYSIS; SEDIMENT CORE; SHELF SEDIMENT; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;

ATLANTIC OCEAN;

EID: 0141792901     PISSN: 09596836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1191/0959683603hl651ft     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Aitchison, J. 1986: The statistical analysis of compositional data. London: Chapman and Hall, 416 pp.
2. Andrews, J.T. 2003: A review: Late Quaternary marine sediment studies of the Iceland shelf. Paleoceanography and land/ice sheet/ocean interactions. In Caseldine, C., Russell, A.J., Knudsen, O. and Hardardóttir, J., editors, Iceland - modern processes and past environments, Oxford: Elsevier, in press.
3. Andrews, J.T. and Freeman, W. 1996: The measurement of sediment color using the Colortron spectrophotometer. Arctic and Alpine Research 28, 524-28.
4. Andrews, J.T. and Giraudeau, J. 2003: Multi-proxy records showing significant Holocene environmental variability: the inner N Iceland Shelf (Hunafloi). Quaternary Science Reviews 22, 175-93.
5. Andrews, J.T. and Helgadóttir, G. 2003: Late Quaternary ice cap extent and deglaciation of Húnaflóaáll, North West Iceland: evidence from marine cores. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 35, 218-32.
6. Andrews, J.T. and Principato, S.M. 2002: Grain-size characteristics and provenance of ice-proximal glacial marine sediments (or why do grainsize analyses anyway?). In Dowdeswell, J.A. and O'Cofaigh, C., editors, Glacier-influenced sedimentation at high-latitude continental margins: Geological Society of London, 305-24.
7. Andrews, J.T., Barber, D.C. and Jennings, A.E. 1999: Errors in generating time-series and dating events at late Quaternary (radiocarbon) time-scales: examples from Baffin Bay, Labrador Sea, and East Greenland. In Clark, P.U., Webb, R.S. and Keigwin, L.D., editors, Mechanisms of global climate change at millennial time scales, Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 23-33.
8. Andrews, J.T., Caseldine, C., Weiner, N.J. and Hatton, J. 2001a: Late Quaternary (∼4 ka) marine and terrestrial environmental change in Reykjarfjördur, N Iceland: climate and/or settlement? Journal of Quaternary Sciences 16, 133-44.
9. Andrews, J.T., Geirsdóttir, A., Hardardóttir, J., Principato, S., Gronvold, K., Krisjansdóttir, G.B., Helgadóttir, G., Drexler, J. and Sveinbjornsdóttir, A. 2002a: Distribution, sediment magnetism, and geochemistry of the Saksunarvatn (10.18 ± cal. ka) tephra in marine, lake, and terrestrial sediments, NW Iceland. Journal of Quaternary Science 17, 731-45.
10. Andrews, J.T., Hardardóttir, J., Geirsdóttir, A. and Helgadóttir, G. 2002b: Late Quaternary ice extent and depositional history from the Djupall trough, off the Vestfirdir peninsula, north-west Iceland: a stacked 36 cal environmental record. Polar Research 21, 211-26.
11. Andrews, J.T., Hardardóttir, J., Helgadóttir, G., Jennings, A.E., Georsdóttir, A., Sveinbjörnsdóttir, A.E., Schoolfield, S., Kristjansdóttir, G.B., Smith, L.M., Thors, K. and Syvitski, J.P.M. 2000: The N and W Iceland shelf: insights into last glacial maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates. Quaternary Science Reviews 19, 619-31.
12. Andrews, J.T., Hardardóttir, J., Stoner, J.S., Mann, M.E., Kristjansdóttir, G. B. and Koc, N. 2003: Decadal to millennial-scale periodicities in North Iceland shelf sediments over the last 12,000 cal yrs: long-term North Atlantic oceanographic variability and Solar forcing. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, in press.
13. Andrews, J.T., Helgadóttir, G., Geirsdóttir, A. and Jennings, A.E. 2001b: Multicentury-scale records of carbonate (hydrographic?) variablity on the N Iceland margin over the last 5000 yrs. Quaternary Research 56, 199-206.
14. Andrews, J.T., Kihl, R., Kristjansdóttir, G.B., Smith, L.M., Helgadóttir, G., Geirsdóttir, A. and Jennings, A.E. 2002c: Holocene sediment properties of the East Greenland and Iceland continental shelves bordering Denmark Strait (64°-68°N), North Atlantic. Sedimentology 49, 5-54.
15. Andrews, J.T., Kristjansdóttir, G., Geirsdóttir, A., Hardardóttir, J., Helgadóttir, G., Sveinsbjörnsdóttir, A.E. and Smith, L.M. 2001c: Late Holocene (∼5 cal ka) trends and century-scale variability of N Iceland marine records: measures of surface hydrography, productivity, and land/ocean interactions. In Seivdov, D., Haupt, B. and Maslin, M., editors, The oceans and rapid climate change: past, present and future, Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 69-81.
16. Andrews, J.T., Tedesco, K., Briggs, W.M. and Evans, L.W. 1994: Sediments, sedimentation rates, and environments, SE Baffin Shelf and NW Labrador Sea 8 to 26 KA. Canadian Journal Earth Sciences 31, 90-103.
17. Bennett, K.D. 1994: Confidence intervals for age estimates and deposition times in late-Quaternary sediment sequences. The Holocene 4, 337-48.
18. Berger, W.H., Pätzold, J. and Wefer, G. 2002: A case for climate cycles: orbit, sun and moon. In Wefer, G., Berger, W.H., Behre, K.-E. and Jansen, E., editors, Climate development and history of the North Atlantic realm, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 101-23.
19. Bianchi, G.G. and McCave, I.N. 1999: Holocene periodicity in North Atlantic climate and deep-ocean flow south of Iceland. Nature 397, 515-17.
20. _ 2000: Hydrography and sedimentation under the deep western boundary current on Bjorn and Gardar Drifts, Iceland Basin. Marine Geology 165, 137-69.
21. Birks, H.H., Gulliksen, S., Haflidason, H., Mangerud, J. and Possnert, G. 1996: New radiocarbon dates for the Vedde ash and the Saksunarvatn ash from western Norway. Quaternary Research 45, 119-27.
22. Castaneda, I.S. 2001: Holocene paleoceanographic and climatic variations of the inner North Iceland continental shelf, Reykjarfjörddur area. Unpublished MSc thesis, University of Colorado.
23. Chapman, M.R. and Shackleton, N.J. 1998: What level of resolution is attainable in a deep-sea core? Results of a spectrophotometer study. Paleoceanography 13, 311-15.
24. Chave, K.E. 1967: Recent carbonate sediments: an unconventional view. Geological Education 7, 200-204.
25. Clark, P.U., Marshall, S.J., Clarke, G.K.C., Hostetley, S.W., Licciardi, J.M. and Teller, J.T. 2001: Freshwater forcing of abrupt climate change during the last glaciation. Science 293, 283-87.
26. Crowley, T.J. 1999: Correlating high frequency climate variations. Paleoceanography 14, 271-72.
27. Davis, J.C. 1986: Statistics and data analysis in geology. New York: Wiley, 646 pp.
28. Dawson, A.G., Elliott, L., Mayewski, P., Lockett, P., Noone, S., Hickey, K., Holt, T., Wadhams, P. and Foster, I. 2003: Late-Holocene North Atlantic climate 'seesaws', storminess changes and Greenland ice sheet (GISP20 palaeoclimates. The Holocene 13, 383-94.
29. Dearing, J.A. 1999: Holocene environmental change from magnetic proxies in lake sediments. In Maher, B.A. and Thompson, R., editors, Quaternary climates, environments and magnetism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 231-78.
30. Dickson, R.R., Meincke, J., Malmberg, S. and Lee, A. 1988: The 'Great Salinity Anomaly' in the Northern North Atlantic 1968-1982. Progress in Oceanography 20, 103-51.
31. Douglas, R.G., Gorsline, D., Grippo, A., Granados, I. and Yajimovich Gonzales, O. 2001: Holocene ocean-climate variations in Alfonso Basin, Gulf of California, Mexico. In West, J. and Bullaloe, J.B., editors, 18th Annual Pacific Climate Workshop, San Francisco: Interagency Ecological program for San Francisco Estuary, Technical Report 69, 7-20.
32. 14C dates and tephra markers from the volcano, Hekla, Iceland. Journal of Quaternary Science 15, 273-80.
33. Eiríksson, J., Knudsen, K.L., Haflidason, H. and Henriksen, P. 2000b: Late-glacial and Holocene paleoceanography of the North Iceland Shelf. Journal of Quaternary Science 15, 23-42.
34. Geirsdóttir, A., Andrews, J.T., Ólafsdóttir, S., Helgadóttir, G. and Hardardóttir, J. 2002: A 36 ka record of iceberg rafting and sedimentation from north-west Iceland. Polar Research 21, 291-98.
35. Giraudeau, G., Cremer, M., Manthe, S., Laberrie, L. and Bond, G. 2000: Coccolith evidence for instabilities in surface circulation south of Iceland during Holocene times. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 179, 257-68.
36. Grobe, H. 1987: A simple method for the determination of ice-rafted debris in sediment cores. Polarforschung 57, 123-26.
37. Grönvold, K., Óskarsson, N., Johnsen, S.J., Clausen, H.B., Hammer, C.U., Bond, G. and Bard, E. 1995: Ash layers from Iceland in the Greenland GRIP ice core correlated with oceanic and land sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 135, 149-55.
38. Gudmundsson, H.J. 1997: A review of the Holocene environmental history of Iceland. Quaternary Science Reviews 16, 81-92.
39. Hamilton, L.C. 1990: Modern data analysis. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/ Cole Publishing Co.
40. Harris, P.T., Brancolini, G., Armand, L., Busetti, M., Beaman, R.J., Giorgetti, G., Presti, M. and Trincardi, F. 2001: Continental shelf drift deposit indicates non-steady state Antarctic bottom water production in the Holocene. Marine Geology 179, 1-8.
41. Heider, F., Bock, J.M., Hendy, I., Kennett, J.P., Matzka, J. and Schneider, J. 2001: Latest Quaternary rock magnetic record of climatic and oceanic change, Tanner Basin, California borderland. Geological Society of America Bulletin 113, 346-59.
42. Helgad́ttir, G. 1997: Paleoclimate (0 to >14 ka) of W and NW Iceland: an Iceland/USA Contribution to P.A.L.E., Cruise Report B9-97. Reykjavik: Marine Research Institute of Iceland.
43. Holtedahl, H. 1958: Some remarks on the geomorphology of continental shelves off Norway, Labrador and southeast Alaska. Journal of Geology 66, 461-71.
44. Hopkins, T.S. 1991: The GIN Sea - a synthesis of its physical oceanography and literature review 1972-1985. Earth Science Reviews 30, 175-318.
45. Hurrell, J.W. 1995: Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: regional temperatures and precipitation. Science 269, 676-79.
46. Hurrell, J.W., Kushnir, Y. and Visbeck, M. 2001: The North Atlantic Oscillation. Science 291, 603-604.
47. Janacek, G. 2001: Practical time series. London: Arnold, 156 pp.
48. Jennings, A.E., Syvitski, J.P.M., Gerson, L., Grönvold, K., Geirsdóttir, A., Hardardóttir, J., Andrews, J.T. and Hagen, S. 2000: Chronology and paleoenvironments during the late Weichselian deglaciation of the SW Iceland Shelf. Boreas 29, 167-83.
49. Jiang, H., Seidenkrantz, M.-S., Knudsen, K.L. and Eiríksson, J. 2002: Late-Holoeene summer sea-surface temperatures based on a diatom record from the north Icelandic shelf. The Holocene 12, 137-47.
50. Jónsson, S. 1992a: Sources of fresh water in the Iceland Sea and the mechanisms governing its interannual variability. International Council for Exploration of the Seas (ICES) Marine Science Symposium 195, 62-67.
51. _ 1992b: Variability of convective conditions in the Greenland Sea. International Council for Exploration of the Seas (ICES) Marine Science Symposium 195, 32-39.
52. _ 1994: Cyclonic gyres in the North Atlantic. International Councillor Exploration of the Seas (ICES) Marine Science Symposium 198, 287-91.
53. Jónsson, S. and Briem, J. 2003: Flow of Atlantic water west of Iceland and onto the north Iceland shelf. ICES Marine Science Symposia, in press.
54. Keigwin, L.D. 1996: The Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period in the Sargasso Sea. Science 274, 1504-508.
55. Kerr, R.A. 2000: A North Atlantic climate pacemaker for the centuries. Science 288, 1984-86.
56. Kovach, W.L. 1998: Multi-variate statistical package. Pentraeth, Wales: Kovach Computing Services.
57. Kristjansdóttir, G.B. 2002: Holocne Hekla tephras: a stratigraphic tool for estimating changes in reservoir age of seawater, core MD99-2269, NW Iceland Shelf. 32nd Arctic Workshop, University of Colorado, Boulder, abstract vol., 103-104.
58. _ 1999: Late Quaternary climatic and environmental changes on the North Iceland shelf. Unpublished MSc thesis, University of Iceland, 175 pp.
59. Lamb, H.H. 1979: Climatic variations and changes in the wind and ocean circulation: the Little Ice Age in the Northeast Atlantic. Quaternary Research 11, 1-20.
60. Leroy, S.D. 1981: Grain-size and moment measures: a new look at Karl Pearson's ideas of distributions. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 51, 625-30.
61. Maher, B.A., Thompson, R. and Hounslow, M.W. 1999: Introduction. In Maher, B.A. and Thompson, R., editors, Quaternary climates, environments, and magnetism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1-48.
62. Malmberg, S.-A. and Jónsson, S. 1997: Timing of deep convection in the Greenland and Iceland Seas. Journal of Marine Science 54, 300-309.
63. Mann, M.E. and Lees, J.M. 1996: Robust estimation of background noise and signal detection in climatic time series. Climatic Change 33, 409-45.
64. McCave, I.N., Manighetti, B. and Beveridge, N.A.S. 1995a: Circulation in the glacial North Atlantic inferred from grain-size measurements. Nature 374, 149-52.
65. McCave, I.N., Manighetti, B. and Robinson, S.G. 1995b: Sortable silt and fine sediment size/composition slicing: parameters for palaeocurrent speed and palaeoceanography. Paleoceanography 10, 593-610.
66. MeMillan, D.G., Constable, C.G. and Parker, R.L. 2002: Limitations on stratigraphic analyses due to incomplete age control and their relevance to sedimentary paleomagnetism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 201, 509-23.
67. Norddahl, H. and Haflidason, H. 1992: The Skogar Tephra, a Younger Dryas marker in North Iceland. Boreas 21, 23-41.
68. Olafsson, J. 1999: Connections between oceanic conditions off N Iceland, Lake Myvatn temperature, regional wind direction variability and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Rit Fiskideilclar 16, 41-57.
69. Paillard, D., Labeyrie, L. and Yiou, P. 1996: Macintosh program performs time-series analysis. EOS Transactions, American Geophysical Union 77, 379.
70. Pestiaux, P., Van der Mersch, I. and Berger, A. 1988: Paleoclimatic variability at frequencies ranging from 1 cycle per 10,000 years to 1 cycle per 1000 years: evidence for nonlinear behaviours of the climate system. Climatic Change 12, 9-37.
71. Piper, D.J.W., Mudie, P.J., Fader, G.B., Josenhans, H.W., MacLean, B. and Vilks, G. 1991: Quaternary Geology. In Keen, M.J. and Williams, G.L., editors, Geology of the continental margin of eastern Canada, Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America, 475-607.
72. Reyment, R.A. and Savazzi, E. 1999: Aspects of multivariate statistical analysis in Geology. New York: Elsevier, 285 pp.
73. Rumohr, J., Blaume, F., Erlenkeuser, H., Fohrmann, H., Hollender, F.-J., Mienert, J. and Schafer-Neth, C. 2001: Records and processes of near-bottom sediment transport along the Norwegian-Greenland Sea margins during Holocene and Late Weischelian (Termination I) time. In Schafer, P., Ritzrau, W., Schutter, M. and Thiede, J., editors, The Northern North Atlantic: a changing environment, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 155-78.
74. Schulz, M., Berger, W.H., Sarnthein, M. and Grootes, P.M. 1999: Amplitude variations of 1470-year climate oscillations during the last 100,000 years linked to fluctuations of continental ice mass. Geophysical Research Letters 26, 3385-88.
75. Sigtryggsson, H. 1972: An outline of sea ice conditions in the vicinity of Iceland. JOkull 22, 1-11.
76. Smith, L.M. 2001: Holocene paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the continental shelves adjacent to the Denmark Strait. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Colorado, 219 pp.
77. Smith, L.M. and Licht, K.J. 2000: Radiocarbon Date List IX: Antarctica, Arctic Ocean, and the Northern North Atlantic. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado, Occasional Paper no. 54, 138 pp.
78. Stefansson, U. 1962: North Icelandic Waters. Rit Fiskideildar III Bind, vol 3, 269 pp.
79. Stoner, J.S. and Andrews, J.T. 1999: The North Atlantic as a Quaternary magnetic archive. In Matter, B. and Thompson, R., editors, Quaternary climates, environments and magnetism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 49-80.
80. Stotter, J., Wastl, M., Caseldine, C. and Haberle, T. 1999: Holocene paleoclimatic reconstructions in Northern Iceland: approaches and results. Quaternary Science Reviews 18, 457-74.
81. Stuiver, M., Reimer, P.J., Bard, E., Beck, J.W., Hughen, K.A., Kromer, B., McCormack, F.G., van der Plicht, J. and Spurk, M. I998: INTCAL98 radiocarbon age calibration 24,000-0 cal. BP. Radiocarbon 40, 1041-83.
82. Syvitsld, J.P.M. and Hutton, E.W.H. 2001: 2-D SEDFLUX 1.0C: an advanced process-response numerical model for the fill of marine sedimentary basins. Computers and Geosciences 27, 731-53.
83. Tauxe, L., LaBrecque, J.L., Dodson, R. and Fuller, M. 1983: U-channels - a new technique for paleomagnetic analysis of hydralic piston cores. Transactions, American Geophysical Union (EOS) 64, 219.
84. Thompson, R. and Oldfield, F. 1986: Environmental magnetism. Winchester, MA: Allen and Unwin, 227 pp.
85. Torrence, C. and Compo, G.P. 1998: A practical guide to wavelet analysis. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 79, 61-78.
86. Velleman, P.F. and Hoaglin, D.C. 1981: Applications, basics, and computing of exploratory data analysis. Boston: Duxbury, 354 pp.
87. Verosub, K. 1999: Paleomagnetic Dating. In Noller, J.S., Sowers, J.M. and Lettis, W.R., editors, Quaternary geochronology. Methods and Applications, Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 339-56.
88. Walden, J., Oldfield, F. and Smith, J. 1999: Environmental magnetism. A practical guide. In Technical Guide No. 6, London: Quaternary Research Association.
89. Weeks, R.J., Laj, C., Endignoux, L., Fuller, M.D., Roberts, A.P., Manganne, R., Blanchard, E. and Goree, W. 1993: Improvements in long core measurement techniques: applications in paleomagnetism and paleoceanography. Geophysical Journal International 114, 651-62.