Predictors of psychiatric comorbidity in medical outpatients

Psychosomatic Medicine

Volumn 65, Issue 5, 2003, Pages 764-770

  Löwe, Bernd ^a   Gräfe, Kerstin ^a   Kroenke, Kurt ^b   Zipfel, Stephan ^a   Quenter, Andrea ^a   Wild, Beate ^a   Fiehn, Christoph ^a   Herzog, Wolfgang ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^b INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Diagnosis; Mental disorders; Predictive value of tests; Primary health care; Questionnaires; Sensitivity and specificity

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; NERVOUSNESS; OUTPATIENT; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS; QUESTIONNAIRE; RECOGNITION; SCREENING; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; VALIDATION PROCESS;

ADULT; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; GERMANY; HOSPITALS, UNIVERSITY; HUMANS; INTERNAL MEDICINE; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; MIDDLE AGED; OUTPATIENT CLINICS, HOSPITAL; OUTPATIENTS; PREVALENCE; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; QUESTIONNAIRES;

EID: 0141746295     PISSN: 00333174     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.PSY.0000079379.39918.17     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Olfson M, Fireman B, Weissman MM, Leon AC, Sheehan DV, Kathol RG. Mental disorders and disability among patients in a primary care group practice. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:1734-40.
2. Philbrick JT, Connelly JE, Wofford AB. The prevalence of mental disorders in rural office practice. J Gen Intern Med 1996;11:9-15.
3. Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhao S, Nelson CB, Hughes M, Eshleman S, Wittchen HU, Kendler KS. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51:8-19.
4. Ormel J, VonKorff M, Ustun TB, Pini S, Korten A, Oldehinkel T. Common mental disorders and disability across cultures: results from the WHO Collaborative Study on Psychological Problems in General Health Care. JAMA 1994;272:1741-8.
5. Hansen MS, Fink P, Frydenberg M, Oxhoj ML. Use of health services, mental illness, and self-rated disability and health in medical inpatients. Psychosom Med 2002;64:668-75.
6. Cronin-Stubbs D, de Leon CF, Beckett LA, Field TS, Glynn RJ, Evans DA. Six-year effect of depressive symptoms on the course of physical disability in community-living older adults. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:3074-80.
7. Broadhead WE, Blazer DG, George LK, Tse CK. Depression, disability days, and days lost from work in a prospective epidemiologic survey. JAMA 1990;264:2524-8.
8. Simon G, Ormel J, VonKorff M, Barlow W. Health care costs associated with depressive and anxiety disorders in primary care. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:352-7.
9. Herrmann C, Brand-Driehorst S, Kaminsky B, Leibing E, Staats H, Rüger U. Diagnostic groups and depressed mood as predictors of 22-month mortality in medical inpatients. Psychosom Med 1998;60:570-7.
10. Penninx BW, Beekman AT, Honig A, Deeg DJ, Schoevers RA, van Eijk JT, Van Tilburg W. Depression and cardiac mortality: results from a community-based longitudinal study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001;58:221-7.
11. Coulehan JL, Schulberg HC, Block MR, Madonia MJ, Rodriguez E. Treating depressed primary care patients improves their physical, mental, and social functioning. Arch Intern Med 1997;157:1113-20.
12. Smith GR Jr, Rost K, Kashner TM. A trial of the effect of a standardized psychiatric consultation on health outcomes and costs in somatizing patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:238-43.
13. Dowrick C, Dunn D, Ayuso-Mateos J, Dalgard O, Page H, Lehtinen V, Casey P, Wilkinsen C, Vazquez-Barquero JL, Wilkinson G, Outcomes of Depression International Network (ODIN) Group. Problem solving treatment and group psychoeducation for depression: multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2000;321:1450-4.
14. Whooley M, Simon G. Managing depression in medical outpatients. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1942-50.
15. Löwe B, Spitzer RL, Gräfe K, Kroenke K, Quenter A, Zipfel S, Buchholz C, Witte S, Herzog W. Comparative validity of three screening questionnaires for DSM-IV depressive disorders and physicians' diagnoses. J Affect Disord, in press.
16. Meyer T, Klemme H, Herrmann C. Depression but not anxiety is a significant predictor of physicians' assessments of medical status in physically ill patients. Psychother Psychosom 2000;69:147-54.
17. Thompson C, Kinmonth AL, Stevens L, Peveler RC, Stevens A, Ostler KJ, Pickering RM, Baker NG, Henson A, Preece J, Cooper D, Campbell MJ. Effects of a clinical-practice guideline and practice-based education on detection and outcome of depression in primary care: Hampshire Depression Project randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2000;355:185-91.
18. Zimmerman M, Mattia JI. Psychiatric diagnosis in clinical practice: is comorbidity being missed? Compr Psychiatry 1999;40:182-91.
19. Hansen MS, Fink P, Frydenberg M, Oxhoj M, Sondergaard L, Munk-Jorgensen P. Mental disorders among internal medical inpatients: prevalence, detection, and treatment status. J Psychosom Res 2001;50:199-204.
20. Katon W, Robinson P, Von Korff M, Lin E, Bush T, Ludman E, Simon G, Walker EA. A multifaceted intervention to improve treatment of depression in primary care. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:924-32.
21. Simon GE, Manning WG, Katzelnick DJ, Pearson SD, Henk HJ, Helstad CS. Cost-effectiveness of systematic depression treatment for high utilizers of general medical care. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001;58:181-7.
22. Schoenbaum M, Unützer J, Sherboume C, Duan N, Rubenstein LV, Miranda J, Meredith LS, Carney MF, Wells K. Cost-effectiveness of practice-initiated quality improvement for depression: results of a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001;286:1325-30.
23. Kroenke K, Price RK. Symptoms in the community: prevalence, classification, and psychiatric comorbidity. Arch Intern Med 1993;153:2474-80.
24. Jackson JL, O'Malley PG, Kroenke K. Clinical predictors of mental disorders among medical outpatients: validation of the "S4" model. Psychosomatics 1998;39:431-6.
25. Kroenke K, Jackson JL, Chamberlin J. Depressive and anxiety disorders in patients presenting with physical complaints: clinical predictors and outcome. Am J Med 1997;103:339-47.
26. Jackson JL, Houston JS, Hanling SR, Terhaar KA, Yun JS. Clinical predictors of mental disorders among medical outpatients. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:875-9.
27. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Kroenke K, Homyak R, McMurray J. Validity and utility of the PRIME-MD patient health questionnaire in assessment of 3000 obstetric-gynecologic patients: the PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire Obstetrics-Gynecology Study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183:759-69.
28. Whooley MA, Avins AL, Miranda J, Browner WS. Case-finding instruments for depression: two questions are as good as many. J Gen Intern Med 1997;12:439-45.
29. Brody DS, Hahn SR, Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Linzer M, deGruy FV, Williams JB. Identifying patients with depression in the primary care setting: a more efficient method. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:2469-75.
30. Williams JW, Mulrow CD, Kroenke K, Dhanda R, Badgett RG, Omori D, Lee S. Case-finding for depression in primary care: a randomized trial. Am J Med 1999;106:36-43.
31. Valenstein M, Vijan S, Zeber JE, Boehm K, Buttar A. The cost-utility of screening for depression in primary care. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:345-60.
32. Lish JD, Kuzma MA, Lush DT, Plescia G, Farber NJ, Zimmerman M. Psychiatric screening in primary care: what do patients really want? J Psychosom Res 1997;42:167-75.
33. Dwight-Johnson M, Sherbourne CD, Liao D, Wells KB. Treatment preferences among depressed primary care patients. J Gen Intern Med 2000;15:527-34.
34. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Kroenke K, Linzer M, deGruy FV, Hahn SR, Brody D, Johnson JG. Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care: the PRIME-MD 1000 study. JAMA 1994;272:1749-56.
35. First MB, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M. Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Association; 1995.
36. Wittchen H, Zaudig M, Fydrich T. Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV (SCID), axis 1 disorders. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe; 1997.
37. Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Patient Health Questionnaire Primary Care Study Group. Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. JAMA 1999;282:1737-44.
38. Löwe B, Spitzer RL, Zipfel S, Herzog W. PRIME MD Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-German version: manual and materials. 2nd ed. Karlsruhe, Germany: Pfizer; 2002.
39. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-15: validity of a new measure for evaluating the severity of somatic symptoms. Psychosom Med 2002;64:258-66.
40. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR. 4th ed. Text revision ed. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
41. World Health Organization. Info package: mastering depression in primary care, version 2.2. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO, Regional Office for Europe; 1998.
42. Ware JE, Kosinski M, Keller SD. A 12-item short-form health survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care 1996;34:220-33.
43. Clement U, Löwe B. Body image questionnaire, FKB-20, manual. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe; 1996.
44. Löwe B, Clement U. The Body Image Questionnaire, FKB-20: literature review, description and validation of the questionnaire. Diagnostica 1996;42:352-76.
45. Fleiss JL. Measuring nominal scale agreement among many raters. Psychol Bull 1971;76:378-82.
46. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regression. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1989.
47. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977;33:159-74.
48. Klinkman MS. Competing demands in psychosocial care: a model for the identification and treatment of depressive disorders in primary care. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1997;19:98-111.
49. Kroenke K. Discovering depression in medical patients: reasonable expectations. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:463-5.
50. Williams JW. Competing demands: does care for depression fit in primary care? J Gen Intern Med 1998;13:137-9.
51. Kroenke K, Taylor-Vaisey A, Dietrich AJ, Oxman TE. Interventions to improve provider diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in primary care: a critical review of the literature. Psychosomatics 2000;41:39-52.
52. Oxman TE, Dietrich AJ, Williams JW Jr, Kroenke K. A three-component model for reengineering systems for the treatment of depression in primary care. Psychosomatics 2002;43:441-50.
53. Herrmann C. International experiences with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: a review of validation data and clinical results. J Psychosom Res 1997;42:17-41.
54. Mulrow CD, Williams JW, Gerety MB, Ramirez G, Montiel OM, Kerber C. Case-finding instruments for depression in primary care settings. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:913-21.
55. Bush B, Shaw S, Cleary P, Delbanco TL, Aronson MD. Screening for alcohol abuse using the CAGE questionnaire. Am J Med 1987;82:231-5.