A microcosm study of the effects of chemical stress, earthworms and microorganisms and their interactions upon litter decomposition

European Journal of Soil Biology

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 25-33

  Förster, Bernhard ^a   Eder, Monika ^a   Morgan, Edward ^b   Knacker, Thomas ^a  

^a ECT OEKOTOXIKOLOGIE GMBH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLAMORGAN   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Carbendazim; Earthworm; Fungicide; Litter decomposition; Lumbricus terrestris; Microbial Biomass; Microcosm

Indexed keywords

EID: 0141731590     PISSN: 11645563     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Adema D.M.M., Barug D. & Vonk J.W. (1985). - Comparison of the effects of several chemicals on microorganisms, higher plants and earthworms. In : Actes du symposium international sur l'écotoxicologie terrestre. 12-14 Déc. 1984. Les Arcs (Savoie), France, 199-211.
2. Anderson J.P.E. & Domsch K.H. (1978). - A physiological method for the quantitative measurement of microbial biomass in soils. Soil Biol. Biochem., 10, 215-221.
3. Anderson J.M., Leonard M.A. & Ineson P. (1989). - Lysimeters with and without tree roots for investigating the role of macrofauna in forest soils. In: Harrison A.F., Ineson P. and Heal O.W. Eds. Nutrient Cycling in Terrestrial Ecosystems: Field Methods, Application and Interpretation. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 347-355.
4. Bardgett R.D., Whittaker J.B. & Frankland J.C. (1993). - The effect of collembolan grazing on fungal activity in differently managed upland pastures : A microcosm study. Biol. Fertil. Soils, 16, 255-262.
5. Beare M.H., Neely C.L., Coleman D.C. & Hargrove W.L. (1990). - A substrate-induced respiration method for measurement of fungal and bacterial biomass on plant residues. Soil Biol. Biochem., 22, 585-594.
6. Beck L., Dumpert K., Franke U., Römbke J., Mittmann H.-W. & Schönborn W. (1988). - Vergleichende ökologische Untersuchungen in einem Buchenwald nach Einwirkung von Umweltchemikalien. In : Scheele B. and Verfondern M. Eds. Auffindung von Indikatoren zur prospektiven Bewertung der Belastbarkeit von Ökosystemen, Jül Spez., 439, 548-701.
7. Binet F. & Trehen P. (1992). - Experimental microcosm study of the role of Lumbricus terrestris (Oligochaeta : Lumbricidae) on nitrogen dynamics in cultivated soils. Soil Biol. Biochem., 24, 1501-1506.
8. Blair J.M., Crossley D.A. & Riders S. (1989). - Effects of naphthalene on microbial activity and nitrogen pools in soil-litter microcosms. Soil Biol. Biochem., 21, 507-510.
9. Box G.E.P., Hunter W.G. & Hunter J.S. (1978). - Statistics for Experimenters; An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis, and Model Building, New York: J Wiley & Sons.
10. Clein J.S. & Schimel J.P. (1994). - Reduction in microbial activity in birch litter due to drying and rewetting events. Soil Biol. and Biochem., 26, 403-406.
11. Domsch K.H. (1992). - Pestizide im Boden. Mikrobieller Abbau und Nebenwirkungen auf Mikroorganismen. New York: VCH.
12. Domsch K.H., Jagnow G. & Anderson, T.H. (1983). - An ecological concept for the assesment of side-effects of agrochemicals on soil microorganisms. Residue Reviews, 86, 65-105.
13. Dunger W. (1983). - Tiere im Boden. Die Neue Brehm Bücherei, Wittenberg: Ziemsen.
14. Eder M., Knacker T. & Römbke J. (1992). - Effects of pesticides on the decomposition process and the carboxymethylcellulase-activity in terrestrial ecosystems. In : Anderson J.P., Arnold D.J., Lewis F. and Torstensson L. Eds. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Environmental Aspects of Pesticide Microbiology, Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 74-81.
15. Edwards C.A. & Heath G.W. (1963). - The role of animals in breakdown of leaf material. In : Doeksen J. & Van der Drift J. Eds. Soil organisms. Amsterdam : North Holland Publishing Company, 76-84.
16. Edwards C.A. & Lofty J.R. (1977). - Biology of Earthworms. London: Chapman & Hall Ltd.
17. Förster B., Römbke J., Knacker T. & Morgan E. (1995). - Microcosm study of the interactions between microorganisms and enchytraeid worms in grassland soil an litter. European Journal of Soil Biology, 31, 21-27.
18. Förster B., Schallnaß H.-J. & Eder M. (1992). - Bodenbiologische Untersuchungen an zwei Ökosystemen. Natürliche Variabilität am Beispiel von Bodeneigenschaften und Bodenmikroflora. Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Ökologie, 21, 65-69.
19. Gillett J.W. & Witt J.M. (1979). - Terrestrial microcosms.-The proceedings of the workshop on terrestrial microcosms. NSF/RA 79-0027, Washington D.C. : National Sci. Foundation.
20. Hedlund K., Boddy L. & Preston C. (1991). - Mycelial responses of the soil fungus, Mortierella isabellina, to grazing by Onychirus armatus (Collembola). Soil Biol. Biochem., 23, 361-366.
21. Hendriksen N.B. (1990). - Leaf litter selection by detritivore & geophagous earthworms. Biol. Fertil. Soils, 10, 17-21.
22. Jörgensen R.G. & Meyer B. (1990). - Nutrient changes in decomposing beech leaf litter assessed using a solution flux approach. J. Soil Sci., 41, 279-293.
23. Judas M. (1993). - Indifferente Bodenwühler oder selektive Feinschmecker? Strategie der Nahrungsaufnahme bei Regenwürmern. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 69, 167-170.
24. Knacker T., Römbke J., Beck L., Eder M., Federschmidt A., Förster B., Diehlmann H., Jacobi K. & Coenen-Stass D. (1994). - Übertragbarkeit und Präzisierung der Wirkungsmechanismen chemischer Belastung in verschiedenen Ökosystemen. Special Report of the Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH Projektleitung, Biologie, Ökologie, Energie.
25. Liu L. & Hsiang T. (1994). - Bioassays for benomyl adsorption and persistence in soil. Soil Biol. Biochem., 26, 317-324.
26. Malkomes H.P. (1992). - Interactions between pesticides and soil biocenosis. In: Anderson J.P., Arnold D.I., Lewis F. & Torstensson L. Eds. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Environmental Aspects of Pesticide Microbiology. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 225-233.
27. Mathes K. (1994). - On the effects of pesticides at the ecosystem level. In: Donker M.H., Eijsackers M. & Heimbach F. Eds. Ecotoxicology of Soil Organisms. Lewis Publ., Boca Raton, 445-454.
28. Morgan E. (1991). - Chemometrics : Experimental design. Analytical chemistry by Open Learning. New York : John Wiley & Sons.
29. Morgan E. & Knacker T. (1994). - The role of laboratory terrestrial model ecosystems in the testing of potentially harmful substances. Ecotoxicology, 3, 213-233.
30. Römbke J. & Federschmidt A. (1995). - Effects of the fungicide carbendazim on Enchytraeidae in laboratory and field tests. Newsletter on Enchytraeidae, 4, 79-96.
31. 14C-labelled beech leaf litter. Soil Biol. Biochem., 23, 1029-1034.
32. Smith J. & Paul E. (1990). - The significance of soil microbial biomass estimations. Soil Biochemistry, 6, 357-369.
33. Swift M.J., Heal W. & Anderson J.M. (1979). - Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
34. Van Wensem J. (1989). - A terrestrial micro-ecosystem for measuring effects of pollutants on isopod-mediated litter decomposition. Hydrobiologia, 188/189, 507-516.
35. Van Wensem J., Verhoef H.A. & Van Straalen N.M. (1993). - Litter degradation stage as a prime factor for isopod interaction with mineralization processes. Soil Biol. Biochem., 25, 1175-1183.
36. Visser S. (1985). - Role of the invertebrates in determining the composition of soil microbial communities. In: Fittner A.H. Ed. Ecological interactions in soil. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 297-317.
37. Wainwright M. (1977). - Effects of fungicides on the microbiology and biochemistry of soils - a review. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde, 140, 587-603.
38. Yarden O., Gamliel A., Aharonson N. & Katan J. (1989). - Solarization enhances dissipation of Carbendazim (MBC) in soil. Soil Biol. Biochem., 21, 857-861.