Effective-index increase, form birefringence and transition losses in UV-side-illuminated photosensitive fibers

Optics Express

Volumn 9, Issue 11, 2001, Pages 546-560

  Renner, Hagen ^a  

^a HAMBURG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIREFRINGENCE; FIBER OPTICS; LIGHT ABSORPTION; OPTICAL COMMUNICATION; PHOTOSENSITIVITY; REFRACTIVE INDEX; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

FIBER OPTICS AND OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS; GAUSSIAN FUNCTIONS; TRANSITION LOSSES;

SINGLE MODE FIBERS;

EID: 0141690107     PISSN: 10944087     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.9.000546     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. K. O. Hill, Y. Fujii, D. C. Johnson, and B. S. Kawasaki, 'Photosensitivity in optical waveguides: Application to reflection filter fabrication,' Appl. Phys. Lett. 32, 647-649 (1978).
2. G. Meltz, W. W. Morey, and W. H. Glenn, 'Formation of Bragg gratings in optical fibers by transverse holographic method,' Opt. Lett. 14, 823-825 (1989).
3. 02 mode converters fabricated in photosensitive fiber: Spectral response,' Electron. Lett. 27, 682-684 (1991).
4. A. M. Vengsarkar, P. L. Lemaire, J. B. Judkins, V. Bathia, T. Erdogan, and J. E. Sipe, 'Long-period fiber gratings as band rejection filters,' J. Lightwave Technol. 14, 58-65 (1996).
5. V. Mizrahi and J. E. Sipe, 'Optical properties of photosensitive fiber phase gratings,' J. Lightwave Technol. 11, 1513-1517 (1993).
6. D. Johlen, H. Renner, P. Klose, E. Brinkmeyer, 'UV-Writing of Two-Mode Sections into Single-Mode Fibres for Hosting Mode-Converting Bragg Gratings,' IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 1015-1017 (1999).
7. R. Kashyap, Fiber Bragg Gratings (Academic Press, San Diego, 1999).
8. E. Brinkmeyer, D. Johlen, F. Knappe, and H. Renner, 'Methods for experimental characterization of UV-written gratings and waveguides,' OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Vol. 33, Bragg Gratinga, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides, pp. 155-175 (2000)
9. D. Inniss, Q. Zhong, A. M. Vengsarkar, W. A. Reed, S. G. Kosinski, and P. L. Lemaire, 'Atomic force microscopy study of uv-induced anisotropy in hydrogen-loaded germanosilicate fibers,' Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 1528-1530 (1994).
10. A. M. Vengsarkar, Q. Zhong, D. Inniss, W. A. Reed, P. L. Lemaire, and S. G. Kosinski, 'Birefringence reduction in side-written photoinduced fiber devices by a dual-exposure method,' Opt. Lett. 19, 1260-1262 (1994).
11. C. De Barros, I. Riant, T. Lopez, and P. Sansonetti, 'Tapered slanted Bragg grating for low insertion loss gain equalizing filter,' OSA Technical Digest: Conference on Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity and Poling in Glass Waveguides, Stresa, Italy, July 4-6 (paper JW1), (2001).
12. H. Renner, D. Johlen, E. Brinkmeyer, 'Modal field deformation and transition losses in UV side-written optical fibers,' Appl. Opt. 39, 933-940 (2000).
13. D. Johlen, F. Knappe, H. Renner, and E. Brinkmeyer, 'UV-Iuduced Absorption, Scattering and Transition Losses in UV Side-Written Fibers,' Proc. Conf. Opt. Fiber Comm. (OFC), San Diego, CA, USA (paper ThD1), (1999).
14. H. Renner, 'Modes of UV-written planar waveguides,' Opt. Lett, 23, 111-113 (1998).
15. S. Selleri und M. Zoboli, 'Performance comparison of finite-element approaches for electromagnetic waveguides,' J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 14, 1460-1466 (1997).
16. G. Tartarini und H. Renner, 'Efficient Finite-Element Analysis of Tilted Open Anisotropie Optical Channel Waveguides,' IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett. 9, 389-391 (1999).
17. A. W. Snyder and J. D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman and Hall, London, 1983).
18. Ph. M. Morse and H. Feshbach, Methods of Theoretical Physics (McGraw- Hill, New York, 1953).
19. Ge-doped single-mode fiber, OFTC Sydney, Australia.
20. H. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, Handbook of mathematical functions (US Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1964).
21. D. Johlen, H. Renner, A. Ewald, and E. Brinkmeyer: 'Fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perot interferometer for a precise measurement of the UV-induced index change,' in Proc. ECOC'98, Madrid, 1998, Vol. 1, pp. 393-394.
22. T. Erdogan and V. Mizrahi, 'Characterization of UV-induced birefringence in photosensitive Gedoped silica optical fibers,' J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 11, 416-417 (1994).
23. O. Duhem and M. Douay, 'Effect of birefringence on long-period-grating coupling characteristics,' Electron. Lett., 36, 416-417 (2000).
24. M. Schiano and G. Zaffiro, 'Polarisation mode dispersion in chirped fibre gratings,' in Proc. ECOC'98, Madrid, 1998, Vol. 1, pp. 403-405.
25. F. Oullette, 'Dispersion cancellation using linearly chirped Bragg grating filters in optical waveguides,' Opt. Lett. 12, 847-849 (1987).
26. J. L. Philipsen, M. O. Berendt, P. Vanning, V. C. Lauridsen, J. H. Povlsen, J. Hübner, M. Kristensen, and B. Palsdottir, 'Polarisation control of DFB fibre laser using UV- induced birefringent phase-shift,' Electron. Lett. 34 678-679 (1998).
27. E.-G. Neumann, Single-Mode Fibers (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988).
28. H. Rosenfeldt, Gh. Knothe, R. Ulrich, E. Brinkmeyer, U. Feiste, C. Schubert, J. Berger, R. Ludwig, H. G. Weber, A. Ehrhardt, 'Automatic PMD Compensation at 40 Gbit/s and 80 Gbit/s Using a 3-Dimensional DOP Evaluation for Feedback,' Proc. Conf. Opt. Fiber Comm. (OFC), Anaheim, USA (Postdeadline Paper PD27), (2001).
29. K. O. Hill, B. Malo, K. Vineberg, F. Bilodeau, D. Johnson, and I. Skinner, 'Efficient mode-conversion in telecommunication fiber using externally written gratings,' Electron. Lett. 26 pp. 1270-1272 (1990).
30. A. S. Kurkov, M. Douay, O. Duhem, B. Leleu, J. F. Henninot, J. F. Bayon, and L. Rivoallan, 'Long-period fibre gratings as a wavelength selective polarisation element,' Electron. Lett. 33, 616-617 (1997).
31. A. W. Snyder and J. D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman and Hall, London, 1983), Sect. 13-6.
32. A. W. Snyder and J. D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman and Hall, London, 1983), Sect. 17.
33. M. Parent, J. Bures, S. Lacroix, and J. Lapierre, 'Proprits de polarisation des rfiecteurs de Bragg induits par photosensibilit dans les fibres optiques monomodes,' Appl. Opt. 24, 354-357 (1985).
34. J. Albert, B. Malo, D. C. Johnson, F. Bilodeau, K. O. Hill, J. L. Brebner, and G. Kajrys, 'Dichroism in the absorption spectrum of photobleached ion-implanted silica,' Opt. Lett. 18, 1126-1128 (1993).
35. T. Meyer, P.-A. Nicati, P. A. Robert, D. Varelas, H. G. Limberger and R. P. Salathe, 'Birefringence writing and erasing in ultra-low-birefringence fibers by polarized UV side-exposure: origin and applications,' Proc. 11th international Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors COFS'96), Sapporo, Japan, 1997, vol. 1, pp. 368-371.