The Possession of Civic Virtue: Movement Narratives of Race and Class in the Knights of Labor

American Journal of Sociology

Volumn 108, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 580-615

  Gerteis, Joseph ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0141614806     PISSN: 00029602     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/367918     Document Type: Article

References (104)

1. Abbott, Andrew. 1990. "Conceptions of Time and Events in Social Science Methods." Historical Methods 23 (4): 140-50.
2. _. 1995. "Sequence Analysis: New Methods for Old Ideas." Annual Review of Sociology 21:93-113.
3. Abell, Peter. 1987. The Syntax of Social Life: The Theory and Method of Comparative Narratives. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
4. Aminzade, Ronald. 1993. Ballots and Barricades: Class Formation and Republican Politics in France, 1830-1871. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
5. Ayers, Edward L. 1992. The Promise of the New South: Life after Reconstruction, New York: Oxford University Press.
6. Babb, Sarah. 1996. "'A True American System of Finance': Frame Resonance in the U.S. Labor Movement, 1866 to 1886." American Sociological Review 61:1033-52.
7. Bearman, Peter, Robert Faris, and James Moody. 1999. "Blocking the Future: New Solutions for Old Problems in Historical Social Science." Social Science History 23 (4): 501-33.
8. Benford, Robert D. 1993. "Frame Disputes within the Nuclear Disarmament Movement." Social Forces 71 (3): 677-701.
9. Biernacki, Richard. 1995. The Fabrication of Labor: Germay and Britain, 1640-1914. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
10. Biggs, Michael. 2002. "Strikes as Sequences of Interaction: The American Strike Wave of 1886." Social Science History 26 (3): 583-617.
11. Blalock, Hubert M., Jr. 1967. Toward a Theory of Minority-Group Relations. New York: Wiley.
12. Bonacich, Edna. 1972. "A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split Labor Market." American Sociological Review 37:554-59.
13. _. 1975. "Abolition, the Extension of Slavery, and the Position of Free Blacks: A Study of Split Labor Markets in the United States, 1830-1863." American Journal of Sociology 81 (1): 601-28.
14. _. 1976. "Advanced Capitalism and Black/White Race Relations in the United States: A Split Labor Market Interpretation." American Sociological Review 41 (1): 34-51.
15. Boswell, Terry E. 1986. "A Split Labor Market Analysis of Discrimination against Chinese Immigrants, 1850-1882." American Sociological Review 51 (3): 352-71.
16. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1984. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste, translated by Richard Nice. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
17. _. 1992. The Logic of Practice, translated by Richard Nice. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
18. _. 1998. Practical Reason: On the Theory of Action. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
19. Bruner, Jerome. 1987. "Life as Narrative." Social Research 54 (1): 11-33.
20. Burke, Kenneth. 1969. A Grammar of Motives. Berkeley: University of California Press.
21. Clawson, Mary A. 1989. Constructing Brotherhood: Class, Gender, and Fraternalism. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
22. Clemens, Elisabeth S. 1997. The People's Lobby: Organizational Innovation and the Rise of Interest Group Politics in the United States, 1890-1925. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
23. Conell, Carol, and Kim Voss. 1990. "Formal Organization and the Fate of Social Movements: Craft Association and Class Alliance in the Knights of Labor." American Sociological Review 55:255-69.
24. Cornfield, Daniel B., and Bill Fletcher. 1998. "Institutional Constraints on Social Movement 'Frame Extension': Shifts in the Legislative Agenda of the American Federation of Labor, 1881-1955." Social Forces 76 (4): 1305-21.
25. Cress, Daniel M., and David A. Snow. 2000. "The Outcomes of Homeless Mobilization: The Influence of Organization, Disruption, Political Mediation, and Framing." American Journal of Sociology 105 (4): 1063-1104.
26. Dawley, Alan. 1976. Class and Community: The Industrial Revolution in Lynn. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
27. Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1883. Statistics of the Population of the United States at the Tenth Census (June 1, 1880). Washington, D.C. : Government Printing Office.
28. Diani, Mario. 1996. "Linking Mobilization Frames and Political Opportunities: Insights From Regional Populism in Italy." American Sociological Review 61 (6): 1053-69.
29. Ellingson, Stephen. 1995. "Understanding the Dialectic of Discourse and Collective Action: Public Debate and Rioting in Antebellum Cincinnati. " American Journal of Sociology 101 (1): 100-144.
30. Fink, Leon. 1985. Workingmen's Democracy: The Knights of Labor and American Politics. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
31. Foner, Philip S. 1955. History of the Labor Movement in the United States. New York: International Publishers.
32. _. 1974. Organized Labor and the Black Worker, 1619-1973. New York: Praeger.
33. Franzosi, Roberto. 1998. "Narrative Analysis - or Why (and How) Sociologists Should Be Interested in Narrative Analysis." Annual Review of Sociology 24:517-54.
34. GA (Record of the Proceedings of the General Assembly [of the Knights of Labor]). 1880-89 [Microfilm], Terence Vincent Powderly Papers, 1864-1937, reel 67. Glen Rock, N.J.: Microfilm Corporation of America.
35. Gamson, William A. 1992. Talking Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
36. Garlock, Jonathan, ed. 1982. Guide to the Local Assemblies of the Knights of Labor. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
37. Garlock, Jonathan, and N. C. Builder. 1973a. Knights of Labor Data Bank [MRDF]. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research.
38. _. 1973b. Knights of Labor Data Bank: User's Manual and Index to Local Assemblies. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research.
39. Gerhards, Ju&rgen, and Dieter Rucht. 1992. "Mesomobilization: Organizing and Framing Two Protest Campaigns in West Germany." American Journal of Sociology 98 (3): 555-96.
40. Gerteis, Joseph. 1999. "Class and the Color Line: The Sources and Limits of Interracial Class Coalition, 1880-1896." Ph.D. dissertation. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
41. Giddens, Anthony. 1984. The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
42. Goffman, Erving. 1974. Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
43. Griffin, Larry J. 1992. "Temporality, Events, and Explanation in Historical Sociology." Sociological Methods and Research 20 (4): 403-27.
44. _. 1993. "Narrative, Event-Structure Analysis, and Causal Interpretation in Historical Sociology." American Journal of Sociology 98 (5): 1094-1133.
45. Griffin, Larry J., and Robert R. Korstad. 1995. "Class as Race and Gender: Making and Breaking a Labor Union in the Jim Crow South." Social Science History 19 (4): 425-54.
46. Grob, Gerald N. 1961. Workers and Utopia: A Study of Ideological Conflict in the American Labor Movement, 1865-1900. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press.
47. Gutman, Herbert G. 1987. "A Note on Immigration History, 'Breakdown Models,' and the Rewriting of the History of Immigrant Working-Class Peoples." Pp. 255-59 in Power and Culture: Essays on the American Working Class, edited by Ira Berlin. New York: Pantheon Books.
48. Hechter, Michael. 1975. Internal Colonialism: The Celtic Fringe in British National Development, 1536-1966. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
49. Ignatiev, Noel. 1995. How the Irish Became White. New York: Routledge.
50. Jacobs, Ronald N. 1996. "Civil Society and Crisis: Culture, Discourse and the Rodney King Beating." American Journal of Sociology 101 (5): 1238-72.
51. Jacobson, Matthew Frye. 1998. Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
52. Joyce, Patrick. 1991. Visions of the People: Industrial England and the Question of Class, 1848-1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
53. _. 1994. Democratic Subjects: The Self and the Social in Nineteenth-Century England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
54. JUL (Journal of United Labor, later Journal of the Knights of Labor). 1880-90. Marblehead, Mass.; Pittsburgh and Philadelphia [microfilm]. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin.
55. Katznelson, Ira. 1986. "Working-Class Formation: Constructing Cases and Comparisons." Pp. 3-44 in Working-Class Formation: Nineteenth-Century Patterns in Western Europe and the United States, edited by Ira Katznelson and Aristide R. Zolberg. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
56. Kaufman, Jason. 2002. For the Common Good? American Civic Life and the Golden Age of Fraternity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
57. Kessler, Sidney H. 1952. "The Organization of Negroes in the Knights of Labor." Journal of Negro History 37 (3): 248-76.
58. Laurie, Bruce. 1997. Artisans into Workers: Labor in Nineteenth-Century America. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
59. McLaurin, Melton A. 1978. The Knights of Labor in the South. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
60. McLean, Paul D. 1998. "A Frame Analysis of Favor Seeking in the Renaissance: Agency, Networks and Political Culture." American Journal of Sociology 104 (1): 51-91.
61. Montgomery, David. 1993. Citizen Worker: The Experience of Workers in the United States with Democracy and the Free Market during the Nineteenth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press.
62. Myers, Martha A. 1990. "Black Threat and Incarceration in Postbellum Georgia." Social Forces 69 (2): 373-93.
63. Nagel, Joane. 1986. "The Political Construction of Ethnicity." Pp. 93-112 in Competitive Ethnic Relations, edited by Susan Olzak and Joane Nagel. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press.
64. Nielsen, François. 1986. "Structural Conduciveness and Ethnic Mobilization: The Flemish Movement in Belgium." Pp. 173-98 in Competitive Ethnic Relations, edited by Susan Olzak and Joane Nagel. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press.
65. Olzak, Susan. 1989. "Labor Unrest, Immigration, and Ethnic Conflict in Urban America, 1880-1914." American Journal of Sociology 94 (6): 1303-33.
66. _. 1990. "The Political Context of Competition: Lynching and Urban Racial Violence, 1882-1914." Social Forces 69 (2): 395-421.
67. _. 1992. The Dynamics of Ethnic Competition and Conflict. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
68. Olzak, Susan, Suzanne Shanahan, and Elizabeth H. McEneaney. 1996. "Poverty, Segregation, and Race Riots: 1960 to 1993." American Sociological Review 61: 590-613.
69. Patterson, Orlando. 1982. Slavery and Social Death: A Comparative Study. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
70. Polletta, Francesca. 1997. "Culture and Its Discontents: Recent Theorizing on the Cultural Dimensions of Protest." Sociological Inquiry 67 (4): 431-50.
71. _. 1998. "'It Was Like a Fever . . . ': Narrative and Identity in Social Protest." Social Problems 45 (2): 137-59.
72. Przeworski, Adam. 1977. "Proletariat into a Class: The Process of Class Formation From Karl Kautsky's The Class Struggle to Recent Controversies." Politics and Society 7:343-401.
73. Rabinowitz, Howard N. 1978. Race Relations in the Urban South, 1865-1890. New York: Oxford University Press.
74. Rachleff, Peter J. 1984. Black Labor in the South: Richmond, Virginia, 1865-1890. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
75. Roediger, David R. 1991. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class. London: Verso.
76. Schlesinger, Arthur M. 1944. "Biography of a Nation of Joiners." American Historical Review 50 (1): 1-25.
77. Sewell, William H., Jr. 1980. Work and Revolution in France: The Language of Labor from the Old Regime to 1848. London: Cambridge University Press.
78. _. 1992. "A Theory of Structure: Duality, Agency, and Transformation." American Journal of Sociology 98 (1): 1-29.
79. _. 1996. "Historical Events as Transformations of Structures: Inventing Revolution at the Bastille." Theory and Society 25:841-81.
80. Snow, David A., and Robert D. Benford. 1992. "Master Frames and Cycles of Protest." Pp. 133-55 in Frontiers of Social Movement Theory, edited by Aldon Morris and Carol Mueller, New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.
81. Snow, David A., E. B. Rochford, Jr., Steven K. Worden, and Robert D. Benford. 1986. "Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation." American Sociological Review 51:464-81.
82. Somers, Margaret. 1992. "Narrativity, Narrative Identity, and Social Action." Social Science History 16 (4): 591-630.
83. _. 1994. "The Narrative Constitution of Identity: A Relational and Network Approach." Theory and Society 23:605-49.
84. Soule, Sarah A. 1992. "Populism and Black Lynching in Georgia, 1890-1900." Social Forces 71 (2): 431-49.
85. Stedman Jones, Gareth. 1983. Languages of Class: Studies in English Working-Class History, 1832-1982. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
86. Steinberg, Marc W. 1991. "Talkin' Class: Discourse, Ideology, and Their Roles in Class Conflict." Pp. 261-83 in Bringing Class Back In, edited by Scott G. McNall, Rhonda F. Levine, and Rick Fantasia. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
87. _. 1999. "The Talk and Back Talk of Collective Action: A Dialogic Analysis of Repertoires of Discourse among Nineteenth-Century English Cotton Spinners." American Journal of Sociology 105 (3): 736-80.
88. Steinfeld, Robert J. 1991. The Invention of Free Labor: The Employment Relation in English and American Law and Culture, 1350-1870. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
89. _. 2001. Coercion, Contract, and Free Labor in the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
90. Steinmetz, George. 1992. "Reflections on the Role of Social Narratives in Working-Class Formation: Narrative Theory and the Social Sciences." Social Science History 16 (3): 489-516.
91. Takaki, Ronald. 2000. Iron Cages: Race and Culture in 19th-Century America, rev. ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
92. Thompson, E. P. 1966. The Making of the English Working Class. New York: Vintage Books.
93. Tilly, Charles. 2003. Stories, Identities, and Political Change. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield.
94. Tocqueville, Alexis de. 1994. Democracy in America, New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
95. Tolnay, Stewart E., E. M. Beck, and James L. Massey. 1989. "Black Lynchings: The Power Threat Hypothesis Revisited." Social Forces 67 (3): 605-23.
96. Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald, and Vincent J. Roscigno. 1996. "Racial Economic Subordination and White Gain in the U.S. South." American Sociological Review 61:565-89.
97. Voss, Kim. 1988. "Labor Organization and Class Alliance: Industries, Communities, and the Knights of Labor." Theory and Society 17:329-64.
98. _. 1993. The Making of American Exceptionalism: The Knights of Labor and Class Formation in the Nineteenth Century. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
99. Ware, Norman. 1959. The Labor Movement in the United States, 1860-1895: A Study in Democracy. Glouchester, Mass.: Peter Smith.
100. Weber, Max. 1947. The Theory of Social and Economic Organization. Translated by A. M. Henderson and Talcott Parsons. Edited by Talcott Parsons. New York: Free Press.
101. Weir, Robert E. 1996. Beyond Labor's Veil: The Culture of the Knights of Labor. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
102. Wilentz, Sean. 1984. Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American Working Class, 1788-1850. New York: Oxford University Press.
103. Woods, Thomas A. 1991. Knights of the Plow: Oliver H. Kelley and the Origins of the Grange in Republican Ideology. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
104. Woodward, C. V. (1955) 2002. The Strange Career of Jim Crow, comm. ed. New York: Oxford University Press.