High CO2 levels in the Proterozoic atmosphere estimated from analyses of individual microfossils

Nature

Volumn 425, Issue 6955, 2003, Pages 279-282

  Kaufman, Alan J ^a   Xiao, Shuhai ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^b Tulane University   (United States)

^c VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION; CARBON MONOXIDE; GREENHOUSE EFFECT; METHANE;

MICROFOSSILS;

EARTH ATMOSPHERE;

CARBON; CARBON DIOXIDE; METHANE; ORGANIC COMPOUND; OXYGEN;

ARTICLE; ASTRONOMY; ATMOSPHERE; CALCULATION; CARBON DIOXIDE MEASUREMENT; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHINA; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); FOSSIL; FRACTIONATION; GREENHOUSE GAS; LUMINANCE; MICROANALYSIS; NONHUMAN; OXYGENATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEROZOIC; THEORETICAL MODEL; ALGA; BACTERIUM; CHEMISTRY; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY;

ALGAE; ATMOSPHERE; BACTERIA; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON ISOTOPES; CHINA; FOSSILS; METHANE; OXYGEN;

EID: 0141605050     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature01902     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Kasting, J. F. Earth's early atmosphere. Science 259, 920-926 (1993).
2. Pavlov, A. A., Hurtgen, M. T., Kasting, J. F. & Arthur, M. A. Methane-rich Proterozoic atmosphere? Geology 31, 87-90 (2003).
3. Xiao, S., Knoll, A. H., Kaufman, A. J., Yin, L. & Zhang, Y. Neoproterozoic fossils in Mesoproterozoic rocks? Chemostratigraphic resolution of a biostratigraphic conundrum from the North China Platform. Precambr. Res. 84, 197-220 (1997).
4. Brasier, M. D. & Lindsay, J. F. A billion years of environmental stability and the emergence of eukaryotes: New data from northern Australia. Geology 26, 555-558 (1998).
5. Javaux, E. J., Knoll, A. H. & Walter, M. R. Morphological and ecological complexity in early eukaryotic ecosystems. Nature 412, 66-69 (2001).
6. Shively, J. M. & Barton, L. L. Variations in Autotrophic Life 1-346 (Academic, New York, 1991).
7. Schulz, H. et al. Dense populations of a giant sulfur bacterium in Namibian shelf sediments. Science 284, 493-495 (1999).
8. Cristy, S. S. in Inorganic Mass Spectrometry (eds Barshick, C.M., Duckworth, D.C. & Smith, D.H.) 159-221 (Marcel Dekker, New York, 2000).
9. House, C. H. et al. Carbon isotope composition of individual Precambrian microfossils. Geology 28, 707-710 (2000).
10. Ueno, Y., Isozaki, Y., Yurimoto, H. & Maruyama, S. Carbon isotopic signatures of individual Archean microfossils(?) from Western Australia. Int. Geol. Rev. 43, 196-212 (2001).
11. Hayes, J. M., Strauss, H. & Kaufman, A. J. The abundance of C-13 in marine organic matter and isotopic fractionation in the global biogeochemical cycle of carbon during the past 800 Ma. Chem. Geol. 16, 103-125 (1999).
12. 2(aq)]: Theoretical considerations and experimental results. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 1131-1138 (1995).
13. 2 concentration on carbon isotopic fractionation by the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42, 1552-1560 (1997).
14. Popp, B. N. et al. Effect of phytoplankton geometry on carbon isotopic fractionation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62, 69-77 (1998).
15. Bidigare, R. R. et al. Consistent fractionation of C-13 in nature and in the laboratory: Growth-rate effects in some haptophyte algae. Glob. Geochem. Cycles 13, 251-252 (1999).
16. Knoll, A. H. Microbiotas of the late Precambrian Hunnberg Formation, Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. J. Paleontol. 58, 131-162 (1984).
17. Grotzinger, J. P. & Kasting, J. F. New constraints on Precambrian ocean composition. J. Geol. 101, 235-243 (1993).
18. Rye, R., Kuo, P. H. & Holland, H. D. Atmospheric carbon-dioxide concentrations before 2.2-billion years ago. Nature 378, 603-605 (1995).
19. Holland, H. D. in Early Life on Earth (ed. Bengtson, S.) 237-244 (Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 1994).
20. Karhu, J. & Holland, H. Carbon isotopes and the rise of atmospheric oxygen. Geology 24, 867-870 (1996).
21. Habicht, K. S., Gade, M., Thamdrup, B., Berg, P. & Canfield, D. E. Calibration of sulfate levels in the Archean oceans. Science 298, 2372-2374 (2002).
22. Farquhar, J., Hauri, E. & Wang, J. New insights into carbon fluid chemistry and graphite precipitation: SIMS analysis of granulite facies graphite from Ponmudi, South India. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 171, 607-621 (1999).