Techniques for Extending the Life of Low-Volume Roads in Seasonal Frost Areas

Transportation Research Record

Volumn II, Issue 1819, 2003, Pages 275-284

  Kestler, Maureen A ^a  

^a USDA FOREST SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; FROST EFFECTS; HIGHWAY ENGINEERING; HIGHWAY TRAFFIC CONTROL; MOISTURE; SOIL TESTING; STRUCTURAL DESIGN; THERMAL EFFECTS;

HEAVY VEHICLES; THAWINGS;

ROAD CONSTRUCTION;

EID: 0141572463     PISSN: 03611981     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3141/1819b-35     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (43)

1. Eck, R. Foreword. In Transportation Research Record 1652, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1999, Vol. 1.
2. Isotalo, J. Seasonal Truck Load Restrictions: Mitigating Effects on Seasonal Strength Variations. In Conference Proceedings 6: Sixth International Conference on Low Volume Roads, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1995, Vol. 1, pp. 137-141.
3. Casagrande, A. Effects of Frost in Soil. Proc., 8th Congress Permanent International Association of Road Congresses, 1938.
4. Pavement Design for Seasonal Frost Conditions. Army TM 5-818-2/AFM 88-6. Departments of the Army and Air Force, Washington, D.C. (rescinded 1985).
5. Janoo, V., B. Eaton, and L. Barna. Evaluation of Airport Subsurface Materials. CRREL SR97-13. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, N.H., 1997.
6. ASTM Standard Test Methods for Frost Heave and Thaw Weakening Susceptibility of Soils (ASTM D5918-96). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa., 1996.
7. Kestler, M. A. Current and Proposed Practices for Nondestructive Highway Pavement Testing. CRREL SR97-28. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, N.H., Nov. 1997.
8. Andersland, O. B., and B. Ladanyi. Introduction to Frozen Ground Engineering. Chapman and Hall, New York, 1994.
9. Siekmeier, J. A., D. Young, and D. Beberg. Comparison of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer with Other Tests During Subgrade and Granular Base Characterization in Minnesota. ASTM Third International Symposium on Non-Destructive Testing of Pavements and Backcalculation, Seattle, Wash., 1999, pp. 175-188.
10. Davies, T. Assessing the Suitability of the Loadman Single-Point Falling Weight Deflectometer to Tracking the Change in Strength in Thin Asphalt Roads Through Spring Thaw in Saskatchewan. University of New Brunswick International Symposium on Thin Pavements, Surface Treatments, and Unbound Roads, Fredericton, Canada, 1997, pp. 117-124.
11. Clegg, B. An Impact Soil Test as Alternative to California Bearing Ratio. Proc., 3rd Australia-New Zealand Geomechanics Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 1980, Vol. 1, pp. 225-230.
12. Clegg Model 95049/05050 Instruction Manual. Lafayette Instrument Company, Lafayette, Ind., 1993.
13. Baichtal, J. F. Monitoring Subgrade Frost Penetration Using Constant Data Loggers with Thermistor Installations. Engineering Field Notes, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Washington, D.C., Vol. 22, 1990.
14. Hanek, G. L., M. Truebe, and M. A. Kestler. Using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) and Radio Frequency (RF) Devices to Monitor Seasonal Moisture Variation in Forest Road Subgrade and Base Materials. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Report, San Dimas, Calif., 2001.
15. Rutherford, M. S., J. P. Mahoney, R. G. Hicks, and T. Rwebingira. Guidelines for Spring Highway Use Restrictions. Report No. FHWA-RD-86-501. Washington State Department of Transportation, Seattle, 1985.
16. Van Deusen, D. Improved Spring Load Restriction Guidelines Using Mechanistic Analysis. Proc., ASCE Cold Regions Specialty Conference, Duluth, Minn., 1998, pp. 188-199.
17. Dore, G., and C. Imbs. Development of a New Mechanistic Index to Predict Pavement Performance During Spring Thaw. Proc., ASCE Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference, Anchorage, Alaska, 2002, pp. 348-359.
18. Jong, D.-T., P. J. Bosscher, and C. H. Benson. Field Assessment of Changes in Pavement Moduli Caused by Freezing and Thawing. In Transportation Research Record 1615, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1998, pp. 41-48.
19. Kestler, M. A., and E. Cortez. Large Aircraft Operations at Small Airports: When Can Heavier Than Design Aircraft Use Thin Frozen Pavements. Proc., ASCE Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference - Putting Research Into Practice, Lincoln, N.H., Aug. 1999, pp. 472-486.
20. Kestler, M. A., T. Knight, and A. Krat. Thaw Weakening on Low Volume Roads and Load Restriction Practices. ERDC/CRREL TR 00-6. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, N.H., June 2000.
21. Steward, J. E. Tire Pressure Control Through Central Tire Inflation - the "Lightest Foot" on the Road. International Road Federation Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 1994, pp. C29-C41.
22. Moore, T. L. Implementation of Variable Tire Pressure Technology in the USDA Forest Service. Presented at 76th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 1997.
23. Kestler, M. A., R. L. Berg, S.-I. Nam, and C. E. Smith. Reduced Tire Pressure: Review of An Alternate Road Usage Technique for Reducing Springtime Damage on Low Volume Roads. Proc., ASCE Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference, Anchorage, Alaska, May 2002, pp. 382-393.
24. Bradley, A. Central Tire Inflation Systems: General Information and FERIC's Research. Program Literature from Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, 1992.
25. Bradley, A. H. The Effect of Reduced Tire Inflation Pressures on Road Damage: A Literature Review. FERIC Special Report SR-123. Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, 1997.
26. Blair, C. W. Investigation into Improved Road Friendliness Offered by Optimized Tire Pressures on Thawing Thin Pavement Roads. Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, June 2001.
27. Davies, T. L., T. F. Wall, and A. Carpentier. Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation Reduced Tire Pressure Initiative. In Transportation Research Record 1589, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1997, pp. 1-8.
28. Davies, T., M. Brown, A. Carpentier, D. Clark, R. Paragg, and T. Wall. CRP Tire Heating Trials Federated Coop - Summer 1996. Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation Internal Report, Saskatchewan, Canada, 1997.
29. Hemer, C. Pressure Up Automatically. MotorHome Magazine, July 2002, pp. 97-100.
30. Kestler, M. A., and R. L. Berg. Case Study of Insulated Pavement in Jackman, Maine. In Transportation Research Record 1481, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1995, pp. 47-55.
31. Bowman, J. K., R. B. Lidell, and G. B. Schulze. The Use of Wood Chips in Low-Volume Road Construction in the Great Lake States. In Transportation Research Record 1106, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987, pp. 47-58.
32. Lawrence, B., D. Humphrey, and L.-H. Chen. Field Trial of Tire Shreds As Insulation for Paved Roads. Proc. ASCE Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference - Putting Research Into Practice, Lincoln, N.H., Aug. 1999, pp. 428-439.
33. Dore, G., J. M. Konrad, M. Roy, and N. Rioux. Use of Alternative Materials in Pavement Frost Protection: Material Characteristics and Performance Modeling. In Transportation Research Record 1481, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1995, pp. 63-74.
34. Barcomb, J. Prolonging Haul over Frozen Roads. In Conference Proceedings 6: Sixth International Conference on Low Volume Roads, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1995, Vol. 2, pp. 207-210.
35. Gustavsson, H., O. Ravaska, and A. Hermansson. The Effect of Insulation on Surface Icing. Proc., ASCE Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference, Anchorage, Alaska, May 2002, pp. 278-289.
36. Gandahl, R. Polystyrene Foam as a Frost Protection Measure on National Roads in Sweden. In Transportation Research Record 1146, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987, pp. 1-9.
37. Holtz, R. D., B. R. Christopher, and R. R. Berg. Geosynthetic Design and Construction Guidelines. FHWA HI-95-038. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., 1998.
38. FHWA website of publications, http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/geopub.htm#geosynthetics. Accessed Sept. 22, 2002.
39. Henry, K. S., and R. D. Holtz. Geocomposite Capillary Barriers to Reduce Frost Heave in Soils. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 38, 2001, pp. 678-694.
40. Evans, M. D., K. S. Henry, S. A. Hayden, and M. Reese. The Use of Geocomposite Drainage Layers to Mitigate Frost Heave in Soils, Proc., ASCE Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference - Cold Regions Impacts on Transportation and Infrastructure, Anchorage, Alaska, May 2002, pp. 323-335.
41. Allen, W. L. Subsurface Drainage of Pavement Structures: Current Corps of Engineers and Industry Practice. CR91-22. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, N.H., 1991.
42. Kestler, M. A. An Open Graded Base to Reduce Thaw Weakening in Flexible Pavements Drainage. Proc., ASCE Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference, Fairbanks, Alaska, Aug. 1996, pp. 878-889.
43. Smith, R. M. Open-Graded Rock Base for Asphalt and Portland Cement Concrete Pavements. Proc., 46th Annual Road Builder Clinic, Washington State University; University of Idaho, 1996, pp. 103-113.