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We thank D. Shindell, H. Wright, T. Johnson, D. Peteet, and two anonymous reviewers for comments; Y. Axford, J. Briner, and A. Werner for field assistance; and J. Bright and S. McMillan for laboratory assistance. Supported by a Packard Fellowship in Science and Engineering (F.S.H.); NSF grant nos. ATM-9996064 and ATM-0318404 (F.S.H.), EAR-9808593 (D.K.), and ATM-0081478 (Y.S.H.); and an Israeli Science Foundation grant (A.S.). Radiocarbon dating was performed, in part, under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. W-7405-Eng-48. NSF Paleoenvironmental Arctic Sciences (PARCS) contribution number 212.
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