The Nature and Effects of Young Children's Lies

Social Development

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 21-45

  Wilson, Anne E ^a,b   Smith, Melissa D ^a   Ross, Hildy S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

^b WILFRID LAURIER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Deception; Parent socialization; Young children

Indexed keywords

EID: 0141461823     PISSN: 0961205X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1467-9507.00220     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Alston, L. (1980). Defining misconducts: Parents vs. teachers in head start centers. Child Care Quarterly, 9, 203-205.
2. Astington, J. W. (1993). The child's discovery of the mind. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
3. Barnes, J. A. (1994). A pack of lies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4. Bussey, K. (1992). Lying and truthfulness: Children's definitions, standards, and evaluative reactions. Child Development, 63, 129-137.
5. Cairns, R. & Cairns, B. (1994). Lifelines and risks: Pathways of youth in our time. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6. Cameron, C. A., Xu, F., & Fu, G. (1999). Chinese and Canadian children's concept of lying and their moral judgment: Similarities and differences. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Albuquerque, New Mexico, April.
7. Chandler, M., Fritz, A. S., & Hala, S. (1989). Small-scale deceit: Deception as a marker of two-, three-, and four-year-olds' early theories of mind. Child Development, 60, 1263-1277.
8. Crick, N. (1997). Engagement in gender normative versus nonnormative forms of aggression: Links to social-psychological adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 33, 610-617.
9. de Villiers, J. G. & de Villiers, P. A. (1978). Language acquisition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
10. den Bak, I. M. & Ross, H. S. (1996). I'm telling! The content, context, and consequences of children's tattling on their siblings. Social Development, 5, 292-309.
11. DePaulo, B. M., Kashy, D. A., Kirkendol, S. E., Wyer, M. M., & Epsetin, J. A. (1996). Lying in everyday life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 979-995.
12. Dunn, J. (1988). The beginnings of social understanding. Oxford: Blackwell.
13. Ekman, P. (1989). Why kids lie: How parents can encourage truthfulness. New York: Penguin Books.
14. Flanagan, O. (1992). Other minds, obligation and honesty. In S. J. Ceci, M. D. Leichtman, & M. E. Putnick (Eds.), Cognitive and social factors in early deception (pp. 111-126). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
15. Grice, H. P. (1980). Studies in the way of words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
16. Hala, S., Chandler, M., & Fritz, A. S. (1991). Fledging theories of mind: Deception as a marker of 3-year-olds' understanding of false belief. Child Development, 61, 83-97.
17. Kashy, D. A. & DePaulo, B. M. (1996). Who lies? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 1037-1051.
18. Lee, K. (2000). Lying as doing deceptive things with words: A speech act theoretical perspective. In J. W. Astington (Ed.), Minds in the making: Essays in honor of David A. Olson (pp. 177-196). Oxford: Blackwell.
19. Lee, K. & Cameron, A. (2000). Extracting truthful information from lies: Emergence of the expression-representation distinction. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 46, 1-20.
20. Lewis, M. (1993). The development of deception. In M. Lewis & C. Saarni (Eds.), Lying and deception in everyday life (pp. 90-105). New York: The Guilford Press.
21. Lewis, M., Stanger, C., & Sullivan, M. W. (1989). Deception in 3-year-olds. Developmental Psychology, 25, 439-443.
22. Morton, J. (1988). When can children lie? In G. Davies & J. Drinkwater (Eds.), The child witness - Do the courts abuse children? (pp. 35-36). Leicester: The British Psychological Society.
23. Newton, P., Reddy, V., & Bull, R. (2000). Children's everyday deception and performance on false-belief tasks. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 18, 297-317.
24. Peskin, J. (1992). Ruse and representations: On children's ability to conceal their intentions. Developmental Psychology, 28, 84-89.
25. Peterson, C. C., Peterson, J. L., & Seeto, D. (1983). Developmental changes in ideas about lying. Child Development, 54, 1529-1535.
26. Piaget, J. (1932/1965). The moral judgment of the child. New York: Free Press.
27. Polak, A. & Harris, P. L. (1999). Deception by young children following noncompliance. Developmental Psychology, 35, 561-568.
28. Robinson, W. P. (1996). Language and language behaviors: Vol. 6. Deceit, delusion, and detection. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
29. Ross, H. S. & den Bak-Lammers, I. (1998). Consistency and change in children's tattling on their siblings: Children's perspectives on the moral rules and procedures of family life. Social Development, 7, 275-300.
30. Ross, H. S., Filyer, R. E., Lollis, S. P., Perlman, M., & Martin, J. (1994). Administering justice in the family. Journal of Family Psychology, 8, 254-273.
31. Ross, H. S., Martin, J., Perlman, M., Smith M., Blackmore, E., & Hunter. J. (1996). Autonomy and authority in the resolution of sibling disputes. In M. Killen (Ed.), Autonomy and social conflict resolution in adult-child and peer interactions: Variations and consequences. New Directions in Child Development, Vol. 73. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
32. Rothenberg, K. J., Simourd, L., & Moore, D. (1989). Children's use of a verbal-nonverbal consistency principle to infer truth and lying. Child Development, 60, 309-322.
33. Ruffman, T., Olson, D. R., Ash, T., & Keenan, T. (1993). The abcs of deception: Do young children understand deception in the same way as adults? Developmental Psychology, 29, 74-87.
34. Siegel, M. & Peterson, C. C. (1996). Breaking the mold: A fresh look at children's understanding of questions about lies and mistakes. Developmental Psychology, 32, 322-334.
35. Sodian, B., Taylor, C., Harris, P. L., & Perner, J. (1991). Early deception and the child's theory of mind: False trials and genuine markers. Child Development, 62, 468-483.
36. Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1986). Lying as a problem behavior in children: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 6, 267-289.
37. Stouthamer-Loeber, M. & Loeber, R. (1986). Boys who lie. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 14, 551-564.
38. Strichartz, A. F. & Burton, R. V. (1990). Lies and truth: A study of the development of the concept. Child Development, 61, 211-220.
39. Sullivan, K. & Winner, E. (1993). Three-year-olds' understanding of mental states: The influence of trickery. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 56, 135-148.
40. Sweetser, E. E. (1987). The definition of lie: An examination of the fold models underlying a semantic prototype. In D. Holland (Ed.), Cultural models in language and thought (pp. 43-66). New York: Cambridge University Press.
41. Vasek, M. E. (1986). Lying as a skill: The development of deception in children. In R. W. Mitchell & N. S. Thompson (Eds.), Deception: Perspectives on human and nonhuman deceit (pp. 271-293). New York: State University of New York Press.
42. Wimmer, H., Gruber, S., & Perner, J. (1984). Young children's conception of lying: Lexical realism - moral subjectivism. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 37, 1-30.