The seasonal footprinting mechanism in the CSIRO general circulation models

Journal of Climate

Volumn 16, Issue 16, 2003, Pages 2653-2667

  Vimont, Daniel J ^a   Battisti, David S ^a   Hirst, Anthony C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; FEEDBACK; WIND;

FOOTPRINTING MECHANISM;

CLIMATOLOGY;

ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN COUPLING; ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SEASONAL VARIATION; TEMPERATURE ANOMALY;

PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 0141451984     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<2653:TSFMIT>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Alexander, M. A., I. Bladé, M. Newman, J. R. Lanzante, N.-C. Lau, and J. D. Scott, 2002: The atmospheric bridge: The influence of ENSO teleconnections on air-sea interaction over the global oceans. J. Climate. 15, 2205-2231.
2. Barnett, T. P., D. W. Pierce, M. Latif, D. Dommenget, and R. Saravanan, 1999: Interdecadal interactions between the Tropics and midlatitudes in the Pacific basin. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 615-618.
3. Barsugli, J. J., and D. S. Battisti, 1998: The basic effects of atmosphere-ocean thermal coupling on midlatitude variability. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 477-493.
4. Battisti, D. S., 1988: Dynamics and thermodynamics of a warming event in a coupled tropical atmosphere-ocean model. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2889-2919.
5. Bladé, I., 1997: The influence of midlatitude ocean-atmosphere coupling on the low-frequency variability of a GCM. Part I: No tropical SST forcing. J. Climate, 10, 2087-2106.
6. Bladé, I., 1999: The influence of midlatitude ocean-atmosphere coupling on the low-frequency variability of a GCM. Part II: Interannual variability induced by tropical SST forcing. J. Climate, 12, 21-45.
7. Bretherton, C. S., M. Widmann, V. P. Dymnikov, J. M. Wallace, and I. Bladé, 1999: The effective number of spatial degrees of freedom of a time-varying field. J. Climate, 12, 1990-2009.
8. Chang, P., L. Ji, H. Li, and M. Flügel, 1996: Chaotic dynamics versus stochastic processes in El Niño-Southern Oscillation in coupled ocean-atmosphere models. Physica D, 98, 301-320.
9. Chiang, J. C. H., S. Zebiak, and M. A. Cane, 2001: Relative roles of elevated heating and surface temperature gradients in driving anomalous surface winds over tropical oceans. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1371-1394.
10. Cox, M. D., 1984: A primitive equation, 3-dimensional model of the ocean. GFDL Ocean Group Tech. Rep. 1, GFDL-Princeton University, 141 pp. [Available from NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08542.]
11. Gargett, A. E., 1984: Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior. J. Mar. Res., 42, 359-393.
12. Gent, P. R., and J. C. McWilliams, 1990: Isopyenal mixing in ocean circulation models. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 150-155.
13. Gershunov, A., and T. P. Barnett, 1998: Interdecadal modulation of ENSO teleconnections. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 79, 2715-2726.
14. Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 447-462.
15. Gordon, H. B., and S. P. O'Farrell, 1997: Transient climate change in the CSIRO coupled model with dynamic sea ice. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 875-907.
16. Hasselmann, K., 1976: Stochastic climate models. 1. Theory. Tellus, 28, 473-485.
17. Hirst, A. C., S. P. O'Farrell, and H. B. Gordon, 2000: Comparison of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model with and without oceanic eddy-induced advection. Part I: Ocean spinup and control integrations. J. Climate, 13, 139-163.
18. Hoskins, B. J., and D. J. Karoly, 1981: The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1179-1196.
19. Hsu, H.-H., and J. M. Wallace, 1985: Vertical structure of wintertime teleconnection patterns. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1693-1710.
20. Mantua, N. J., S. R. Hare, Y. Zhang, J. M. Wallace, and R. C. Francis, 1997: A Pacific interdecadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon production. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 1069-1079.
21. Moore, A. M., and R. Kleeman, 1999: Stochastic forcing of ENSO by the intraseasonal oscillation. J. Climate, 12, 1199-1220.
22. Neelin, J. D., D. S. Battisti, A. C. Hirst, F. Jin, Y. Wakata, T. Yamagata, and S. E. Zebiak, 1999: ENSO theory. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14 261-14 290.
23. Ng, M. K. F., and W. W. Hsieh, 1994: The equatorial Kelvin wave in finite difference models. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 14 173-14 185.
24. O'Farrell, S. P., 1998: Investigation of the dynamic sea ice component of a coupled atmosphere-sea ice general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 103 (C8), 15 751-15 782.
25. Penland, C., and P. D. Sardeshmukh, 1995: The optimal growth of tropical sea surface temperature anomalies. J. Climate, 8, 1999-2024.
26. Pierce, D. W., T. P. Barnett, and M. Latif, 2000: Connections between the Pacific Ocean Tropics and midlatitudes on decadal time-scales. J. Climate, 13, 1173-1194.
27. Rogers, J. C., 1981: The North Pacific Oscillation. J. Climatol., 1, 39-57.
28. Saravanan, R., 1998: Atmospheric low-frequency variability and its relationship to midlatitude SST variability: Studies using the NCAR Climate System Model. J. Climate, 11, 1386-1404.
29. Schopf, P. S., and M. J. Suarez, 1988: Vacillations in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 549-566.
30. Thompson, C. J., and D. S. Battisti, 2000: A linear stochastic dynamical model of ENSO. Part I: Model development. J. Climate, 13, 2818-2832.
31. Thompson, C. J., and D. S. Battisti, 2001: A linear stochastic dynamical model of ENSO. Part II: Analysis. J. Climate, 14, 445-466.
32. Trenberth, K. E., G. W. Branstator, D. Karoly, A. Kumar, N.-C. Lau, and C. Ropelewski, 1998: Progress during TOGA in understanding and modelling global teleconnections associated with tropical sea surface temperatures. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14 291-14 324.
33. Vimont, D. J., D. S. Battisti, and A. C. Hirst, 2001: Footprinting: A seasonal connection between the Tropics and mid-latitudes. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3923-3926.
34. Vimont, D. J., D. S. Battisti, and A. C. Hirst, 2002: Pacific interannual and interdecadal equatorial variability in a 1000-yr simulation of the CSIRO coupled general circulation model. J. Climate, 15, 160-178.
35. Vimont, D. J., J. M. Wallace, and D. S. Battisti, 2003: The seasonal footprinting mechanism in the Pacific: Implications for ENSO. J. Climate, 16, 2668-2675.
36. Walker, G. T., and E. W. Bliss, 1932: World weather V. Mem. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 4, 53-84.
37. Wallace, J. M., E. M. Rasmusson, T. P. Mitchell, V. E. Kousky, E. S. Sarachik, and H. von Storch, 1998: On the structure and evolution of ENSO-related climate variability in the tropical Pacific: Lessons from TOGA. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14 241-14 259.
38. Watterson, I. G., 2001: Wind-induced rainfall and surface temperature anomalies in the Australian region. J. Climate, 14, 1901-1922.
39. Watterson, I. G., S. P. O'Farrell, and M. R. Dix, 1997: Energy and water transport in climates simulated by a general circulation model that includes dynamic sea ice. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 11 027-11 037.
40. Yin, J. H., and D. S. Battisti, 2001: The importance of tropical sea surface temperature patterns in simulations of last glacial maximum climate. J. Climate, 14, 565-581.
41. Zebiak, S. E., and M. A. Cane, 1987: A model ENSO. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2262-2278.
42. Zhang, C., H. H. Hendon, W. S. Kessler, and A. J. Rosati, 2001: A workshop on the MJO and ENSO. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 971-976.
43. Zhang, Y., J. M. Wallace, and N. Iwasaka, 1996: Is climate variability over the North Pacific a linear response to ENSO? J. Climate, 9, 1468-1478.
44. Zhang, Y., J. M. Wallace, and D. S. Battisti, 1997: ENSO-like interdecadal variability: 1900-93. J. Climate, 10, 1004-1020.