Placental sonolucency and pregnancy outcome in women with elevated second trimester serum alpha-fetoprotein levels

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association

Volumn 102, Issue 5, 2003, Pages 319-325

  Kuo, Pao Lin ^a   Lin, Chin Chuan ^b   Lin, Ying Hui ^a   Guo, How Ran ^a  

^a NATIONAL CHENG KUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b CHI MEI FOUNDATION HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Alpha fetoproteins; Case control studies; Fetomaternal transfusion; Pregnancy outcome; Ultrasonography, prenatal

Indexed keywords

ALPHA FETOPROTEIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD LEVEL; CONGENITAL MALFORMATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DATA ANALYSIS; DELIVERY; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; FETAL HEMORRHAGE; FETUS DEATH; HIGH RISK PREGNANCY; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MATERNAL SERUM; MEDICAL RECORD; OBSTETRIC CARE; PLACENTA; PREECLAMPSIA; PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; PREMATURE LABOR; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SECOND TRIMESTER PREGNANCY; SMALL FOR DATE INFANT; SOLUTIO PLACENTAE;

ADULT; ALPHA-FETOPROTEINS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; PLACENTA; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, SECOND; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL;

EID: 0141427908     PISSN: 09296646     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Katz VL, Chescheir NC, Cefalo RC: Unexplained elevations of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1990; 45:719-26.
2. Thomas RL, Blakemore KJ: Evaluation of elevations in maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1990; 45:269-83.
3. Burton BK: Unexplained elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and adverse perinatal outcome. In: Elias S, Simpson JL, editors. Maternal Serum Screening for Fetal Genetic Disorders. 1st ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1992:109-119.
4. Saller DN, Canick JA: Maternal serum screening for fetal Down syndrome: clinical aspects. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1996;39: 793-800.
5. Salafia CM, Silberman L, Herrera NE, et al: Placental pathology at term associated with elevated midtrimester maternal serum α-fetoprotein concentration. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988;158: 1064-6.
6. Boyd PA: Why might maternal serum AFP be high in pregnancies in which the fetus is normally found? Br J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 99:93-5.
7. Morssink LP, de Wolf BT, Kornman LH, et al: The relation between serum markers in the second trimester and placental pathology: a study on extremely small-for-gestational-age fetuses. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1996;103:779-83.
8. Perkes EA, Baim Rs, Goodman KJ, et al: Second-trimester placental changes associated with elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982;144:935-8.
9. Kelly RB, Nyberg DA, Mack LA, et al: Sonography of placental abnormalities and oligohydramnios in women with elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels: comparison with control subjects. Am J Roentgenol 1989;153:815-9.
10. Haney AF, Trough WS: The sonolucent placenta in high-risk obstetrics. Obstet Gynecol 1980;55:38-41.
11. Jauniaux E, Ramsay B, Campbell S: Ultrasonographic investigation of placental morphologic characteristics and size during the second trimester of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;170:130-7.
12. Wald NJ, Cuckle HS, Densem JW, et al: Maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome in early pregnancy. BMJ 1988;297:883-7.
13. Holcomb WL, Gunderson E, Petrie R: Clinical use of the Kleihauer-Betke test. J Perinat Med 1990;18:331-7.
14. Hamilton MPR, Abdalla HI, Whitfield CR: Significance of raised maternal serum α-fetoprotein in singleton pregnancies with normally formed fetuses. Obstet Gynecol 1985;465:465-70.
15. Robinson L, Grau P, Crandall BF: Pregnancy outcomes after increasing maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels. Obstet Gynecol 1989;74:17-20.
16. Bernstein IM, Barth RA, Miller R, et al: Elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein: association with placental sonolucencies, fetomaternal hemorrhage, vaginal bleeding, and pregnancy outcome in the absence of fetal anomalies. Obstet Gynecol 1992; 79:71-4.
17. Waller DK, Lusting LS, Cunningham GC, et al: The association between maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and preterm birth, small for gestational age infants, preeclampsia, and placental complications. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:816-22.
18. Cusick W, Rodis J, Vintzileos AM, et al: Predicting pregnancy outcome from the degree of maternal serum α-fetoprotein elevation. J Reprod Med 1996;41:327-32.
19. Pinette M, Pan Y, Pinette SG, et al: Elevated maternal serum α-fetoprotein, abnormal midtrimester ultrasound placental findings, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. J Matern Fetal Investig 1997;7:188.
20. Berkeley AS, Killackey MA, Cederqvist LL: Elevated maternal serum α-fetoprotein levels associated with breakdown in fetal-maternal-placental barrier. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983;146: 859-61.
21. Fleischer AC, Kurtz AB, Wapner RJ, et al: Elevated alpha-fetoprotein and a normal fetal sonogram: association with placental abnormalities. Am J Roentgenol 1987;150:881-3.
22. Katz VL, Bowes WA, Sierkh AE: Maternal floor infarction of the placenta associated with elevated second trimester serum alpha-fetoprotein. Am J Perinatol 1987;4:225-8.
23. Jauniaux E, Gibb D, Moscoso G, et al: Ultrasonographic diagnosis of a large placental intervillous thrombosis associated with elevated maternal serum α-fetoprotein level. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;163:1558-60.
24. Spirt BA, Kagan EH, Rozanski RM: Sonolucent areas in the placenta: sonographic and pathologic correlation. Am J Roentgenol 1978;131:961-65.
25. Spirt BA, Gordon LP, Kagan EH: Intervillous thrombosis: sonographic and pathologic correlation. Radiology 1983;147: 197-200.
26. Harris R, Simpson WA, Pet LR, et al: Placental hypoechoic-anechoic areas and infarction: sonographic-pathologic correlation. Radiology 1990;176:75-80.
27. Williams MA, Hickok DE, Zingheim RW, et al: Elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and midtrimester placental abnormalities in relation to subsequent adverse pregnancy outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;167:1032-7.
28. Hsu CD, Smith K, Hong SF, et al: Does preeclamptic pregnancy increase fetal-maternal hemorrhage? Am J Perinatol 1995;12: 205-7.