Early care and education policies in Sweden: Implications for the United States

Phi Delta Kappan

Volumn 83, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 237-246

  Kagan, Sharon L ^a   Hallmark, Lynda G ^b  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0043282012     PISSN: 00317217     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/003172170108300313     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. The details of the Swedish system reported in this article are taken from Early Childhood Education and Care Policy in Sweden: OECD Country Note (Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1999).
2. Early Childhood Education and Care Policy in the United States of America: OECD Country Note (Paris: OECD, 2000), p. 18. Unless otherwise noted, information in this article about the U.S. system is taken from this report.
3. 2001 Head Start Fact Sheet, available at www2.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/ hsb/about/fact2001.htm.
4. Sandra Hofferth, "Child Care in the United States Today," The Future of Children: Financing Child Care, Summer/Fall 1996, p. 44.
5. Susan Bredekamp et al., "What Does Research Say About Early Childhood Education?," 1992, available at www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/srw_esys/ Serly_ch.htm.
6. Nancy Cauthen, Jane Knitzer, and Carol Ripple, Map and Track: State Initiatives for Young Children and Families (New York: National Center for Children in Poverty, 2000).
7. Anne Mitchell, Louise Stoney, and Harriet Dichter, Financing Child Care in the United States (Kansas City, Mo.: Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, 2001); and website of the Office of School Readiness, www.osr.state.ga.us.
8. Helen Blank and Nicole Oxendine Poersch, State Developments in Child Care and Early Education (Washington, D.C.: Children's Defense Fund, 2000); Cauthen, Knitzer, and Ripple, op. cit.; and Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, op. cit.
9. Helen Blank and Nicole Oxendine Poersch, State Developments in Child Care and Early Education (Washington, D.C.: Children's Defense Fund, 2000); Cauthen, Knitzer, and Ripple, op. cit.; and Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, op. cit.
10. Helen Blank and Nicole Oxendine Poersch, State Developments in Child Care and Early Education (Washington, D.C.: Children's Defense Fund, 2000); Cauthen, Knitzer, and Ripple, op. cit.; and Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, op. cit.
11. 2001 Head Start Fact Sheet.
12. Blank and Poersch, op. cit.
13. Ibid.; Cauthen, Knitzer, and Ripple, op. cit.; and Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, op. cit.
14. Ibid.; Cauthen, Knitzer, and Ripple, op. cit.; and Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, op. cit.
15. Ibid.; Cauthen, Knitzer, and Ripple, op. cit.; and Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, op. cit.
16. Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, p. 3.
17. Marshall Smith, "Evaluation Findings in Head Start Planned Variation," in P. Michael Timpane and Alice Rivlin, eds., Planned Variation in Education (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1975), p. 108.
18. Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children from Birth Through Age 8 (Washington, D.C.: National Association for the Education of Young Children, 1987, 1996).
19. Eager to Learn (Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 2001), pp. 184-85.
20. Sharon Lynn Kagan, Evelyn Moore, and Sue Bredekamp, Reconsidering Children's Early Development and Learning: Toward Common Views and Vocabulary (Washington, D.C.: National Education Goals Panel, 1995).
21. Cost, Quality, and Child Outcomes in Child Care Centers: Executive Summary (Denver: University of Colorado at Denver, 1995); Family Day Care in the United States: National Day Care Home Study, Volume 1, Summary of Findings (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1981); Final Report of the National Day Care Study: Children at the Center (Cambridge, Mass.: Abt Associates, 1979); Ellen Frede, "Preschool Program Quality in Programs for Children in Poverty," in W. Steven Barnett and Sarane Spence Boocock, eds., Early Care and Education for Children in Poverty (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998); Carollee Howes, Deborah Phillips, and Marcy Whitebrook, "Thresholds of Quality: Implications for the Social Development of Children in Center-Based Child Care," Child Development, vol. 63, 1992, pp. 449-60; and Who Cares for America's Children? (Washington, D.C.: National Research Academy Press, 2000).
22. Cost, Quality, and Child Outcomes in Child Care Centers: Executive Summary (Denver: University of Colorado at Denver, 1995); Family Day Care in the United States: National Day Care Home Study, Volume 1, Summary of Findings (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1981); Final Report of the National Day Care Study: Children at the Center (Cambridge, Mass.: Abt Associates, 1979); Ellen Frede, "Preschool Program Quality in Programs for Children in Poverty," in W. Steven Barnett and Sarane Spence Boocock, eds., Early Care and Education for Children in Poverty (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998); Carollee Howes, Deborah Phillips, and Marcy Whitebrook, "Thresholds of Quality: Implications for the Social Development of Children in Center-Based Child Care," Child Development, vol. 63, 1992, pp. 449-60; and Who Cares for America's Children? (Washington, D.C.: National Research Academy Press, 2000).
23. Cost, Quality, and Child Outcomes in Child Care Centers: Executive Summary (Denver: University of Colorado at Denver, 1995); Family Day Care in the United States: National Day Care Home Study, Volume 1, Summary of Findings (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1981); Final Report of the National Day Care Study: Children at the Center (Cambridge, Mass.: Abt Associates, 1979); Ellen Frede, "Preschool Program Quality in Programs for Children in Poverty," in W. Steven Barnett and Sarane Spence Boocock, eds., Early Care and Education for Children in Poverty (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998); Carollee Howes, Deborah Phillips, and Marcy Whitebrook, "Thresholds of Quality: Implications for the Social Development of Children in Center-Based Child Care," Child Development, vol. 63, 1992, pp. 449-60; and Who Cares for America's Children? (Washington, D.C.: National Research Academy Press, 2000).
24. Cost, Quality, and Child Outcomes in Child Care Centers: Executive Summary (Denver: University of Colorado at Denver, 1995); Family Day Care in the United States: National Day Care Home Study, Volume 1, Summary of Findings (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1981); Final Report of the National Day Care Study: Children at the Center (Cambridge, Mass.: Abt Associates, 1979); Ellen Frede, "Preschool Program Quality in Programs for Children in Poverty," in W. Steven Barnett and Sarane Spence Boocock, eds., Early Care and Education for Children in Poverty (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998); Carollee Howes, Deborah Phillips, and Marcy Whitebrook, "Thresholds of Quality: Implications for the Social Development of Children in Center-Based Child Care," Child Development, vol. 63, 1992, pp. 449-60; and Who Cares for America's Children? (Washington, D.C.: National Research Academy Press, 2000).
25. Cost, Quality, and Child Outcomes in Child Care Centers: Executive Summary (Denver: University of Colorado at Denver, 1995); Family Day Care in the United States: National Day Care Home Study, Volume 1, Summary of Findings (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1981); Final Report of the National Day Care Study: Children at the Center (Cambridge, Mass.: Abt Associates, 1979); Ellen Frede, "Preschool Program Quality in Programs for Children in Poverty," in W. Steven Barnett and Sarane Spence Boocock, eds., Early Care and Education for Children in Poverty (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998); Carollee Howes, Deborah Phillips, and Marcy Whitebrook, "Thresholds of Quality: Implications for the Social Development of Children in Center-Based Child Care," Child Development, vol. 63, 1992, pp. 449-60; and Who Cares for America's Children? (Washington, D.C.: National Research Academy Press, 2000).
26. Cost, Quality, and Child Outcomes in Child Care Centers: Executive Summary (Denver: University of Colorado at Denver, 1995); Family Day Care in the United States: National Day Care Home Study, Volume 1, Summary of Findings (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1981); Final Report of the National Day Care Study: Children at the Center (Cambridge, Mass.: Abt Associates, 1979); Ellen Frede, "Preschool Program Quality in Programs for Children in Poverty," in W. Steven Barnett and Sarane Spence Boocock, eds., Early Care and Education for Children in Poverty (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998); Carollee Howes, Deborah Phillips, and Marcy Whitebrook, "Thresholds of Quality: Implications for the Social Development of Children in Center-Based Child Care," Child Development, vol. 63, 1992, pp. 449-60; and Who Cares for America's Children? (Washington, D.C.: National Research Academy Press, 2000).
27. Blank and Poersch, op. cit.
28. Ibid.; and Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, op. cit.
29. Ibid.; and Mitchell, Stoney, and Dichter, op. cit.
30. Emily Cahan, Past Caring: A History of U.S. Preschool Care and Education for the Poor, 1820-1965 (New York: National Center for Children in Poverty, 1989), pp. 11-12.
31. Florida's Children: Their Future Is in Our Hands (Tallahassee: Center for Prevention and Early Intervention Policy, Florida State University, 1997), pp. 4-5; and Lawrence Schweinhart, Helen Barnes, and David Weikart, Significant Benefits: The High/Scope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 27 (Ypsilanti, Mich.: High/Scope Press, 1993), p. 85.
32. Florida's Children: Their Future Is in Our Hands (Tallahassee: Center for Prevention and Early Intervention Policy, Florida State University, 1997), pp. 4-5; and Lawrence Schweinhart, Helen Barnes, and David Weikart, Significant Benefits: The High/Scope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 27 (Ypsilanti, Mich.: High/Scope Press, 1993), p. 85.
33. James Heckman and Lance Lochner, "Rethinking Education and Training Policy: Understanding the Sources of Skill Formation in a Modern Economy," in Sheldon Danziger and Jane Waldfogel, eds., Securing the Future (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2000).
34. Jean Layzer, Barbara Goodson, and Marc Moss, Life in Preschool (Cambridge, Mass.: Abt Associates, 1993).
35. Lester Salamon, America's Nonprofit Sector: A Primer (New York: Foundation Center, 1992).