On the measurement of gravity waves, tides and mean winds in the low and middle latitude mesosphere and thermosphere with MF radar

Advances in Space Research

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 131-140

  Reid, I M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GRAVITY WAVE; MEDIUM FREQUENCY RADAR; METHOD COMPARISON; TIDE MEASUREMENT; WIND MEASUREMENT;

ATMOSPHERE; GRAVITY WAVES; MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES; MEDIUM FREQUENCY; RADAR; TIDES; WINDS;

EID: 0043039335     PISSN: 02731177     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00852-6     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Doviak, R.J., and D.S. Zrnic, Doppler weather radar and weather observations, Academic Press, San Diego, 1993, 562pp.
2. Briggs, B. H., The analysis of spaced sensor records by correlation techniques, In Handbook for Map, 13, SCOSTEP Secretariat, Urbana, 1984, pp166-186
3. Reid, I.M., B.G.W. Vandepeer, S. Dillon and B. Fuller, The new Adelaide medium frequency Doppler radar, Radio Sci., In press, 1995.
4. Adams, W. and J. W. Brosnahan, D. C. Walden and S. F. Nerney, Mesospheric observations using a 2.66 MHz radar as an Imaging Doppler Interferometer: Description and first results, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 1671-1683, 1986
5. Franke, P. M, D. Thorsen, M. Champion, S. J. Franke and E. Kudeki, Comparison of time and frequency-domain techniques for wind velocity estimation using multiple receiver MF radar data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2193-2196, 17, 1990.
6. Meek, C. E. and Manson, A. H., Mesospheric motions observed by simultaneous medium-frequency interferometer and spaced antenna experiments, J. Geophys. Res., 5627-5637, 1987.
7. Vandepeer, B.G.W., A new MF Doppler radar for upper middle atmosphere research, PhD Thesis, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, 1993.
8. Brown, W.O.J., MF radar interferometry, PhD Thesis, University of Canterbury, NZ, 1992, 303pp.
9. Vandepeer, B.G.W., and I. M. Reid, On the Spaced Antenna and IDI techniques, , Radio Sci., In press, 1995.
10. Vandepeer, B.G.W., and I. M. Reid, Some preliminary results with obtained with the new Adelaide MF Doppler radar, Radio Sci., In press, 1995.
11. Hines, C.O. and R. R. Rao, Validity of three-station methods of determining ionospheric motions, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 30, 979-993, 1968
12. Hoffmann, W., W. Singer, D. Kreuer, R. Schmindler and D. Kürschner, Zeit. Meteorol.,40, 405-412, 1990.
13. Vincent, R.A. and D. Lesicar, Dynamics of the equatorial mesosphere: First results with a new generation partial reflection radar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 825-828, 1991.
14. Fraser, G., The measurement of atmospheric winds at altitudes of 64-120 km using ground based radio equipment, J Atmos. Sci., 22, 217-218, 1965.
15. Hines, C. O., G. W. Adams, J. W. Brosnahan, F. T. Djuth, M. P. Sulzer, C. A. Tepley and J. S. Van Baelen, Multi-Instrument observations of mesospheric motions over Arecibo: comparisons and interpretations, J. atmos. Terr. Phys., 55, 241-287, 1993.
16. Beatty, T.J., C.A. Hosteller, C.S. Gardner, Lidar observations of gravity waves and their spectra near the mesospause and stratopause at Arecibo, J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 477-496, 1992.
17. Dewan, E.M., The saturated cascade model for atmospheric gravity wave spectra and the Wavelength-Period (W-P) relations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 817-820, 1994.
18. Fritts, D.C., and J. R. Isler, First observations of mesospheric dynamics with a partial reflection radar in Hawaii (22° N, 160° W), Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 409-412, 1992.
19. Rajaram, R. and R.A. Vincent, Private Communication, 1994
20. Manson, A.H., C.E. Meek, G. Hall and R. McMurray, Winds and waves from the Canadian Praries (CSNR) triple-MF radar system, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1375-1378, 1993.
21. Tsuda, T., R.A. Vincent and I. M. Reid, Private Communication, 1995.
22. Igarashi, K., Private Communication, 1995.
23. Manson, A.H., C.E. Meek, T.L. Hansen and T. Trondsen, J. atmos. terr. Phys. 52, 971, 1990.
24. Wilson, D.A. and A.J. Miller, In Remote sensing of the Troposphere, ed V.E. Derr, University of Colorado, 1971, p13-1.
25. Reid, I.M., Some aspects of Doppler radar measurements of the mean and fluctuating components of the wind field in the upper middle atmosphere, J. atmos. terr. Phys. 49, 467-484, 1987.
26. Kudeki, E. and R. F. Woodman, A post-statistics steering technique for MST radar applications, Radio Sci., 25, 591-594, 1990.
27. May, P. T., Spaced antenna vs Doppler radars: a comparison of techniques revisited, Radio Sci., 25, 1111-1119, 1990.
28. Lindgard, D., PhD Thesis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 1994.
29. Fraser, G., Partial reflection spaced antenna wind measurements, In Handbook for Map, 13, SCOSTEP Secretariat, Urbana, 233-247, 1984.
30. Vincent R. A. and J. Roettger, Spaced antenna VHF radar observations of tropospheric velocities and irregularities, Radio Sci., 15, 319-335, 1980.
31. Vincent, R. A., P. T. May, W. K. Hocking, W. G. Elford, B. H. Candy and B. H. Briggs, First results with the Adelaide VHF radar: Spaced antenna studies of tropospheric winds, J. atmos. Terr. Phys., 49, 353-366, 1987.
32. Briggs, B. H., Radar observations of atmospheric winds and turbulence: a comparison of techniques, J atmos. terr. Physics, 42, 823-833, 1980.
33. Briggs, B. H. and Phillips, G. J. and Shinn, D. H., The analysis of observations on spaced receivers of the fading of radio signals, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) , B63 , 106, 1950.
34. Phillips, G.J. and M. Spencer, The effects of anisometric amplitude patterns in the measurement of ionospheric drifts, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London), 5, B68, 481, 1955.
35. Felgate, D.G., A.N. Hunter, S.P. Kingsley and H.G. Muller, Comparitive studies of E-region ionospheric drifts and meteor winds, Plan. Space Sci., 23, 389-400, 1975.
36. Wright, J.W., M. Glass and A. Spizzichino, The interpretation of ionospheric radio drift measurements-IX. Direct comparisons of meteor radar winds and kinesonde measurements: mean and random motions, J. atmos. Terr. Phys., 38, 713-730, 1976.
37. Kent, G. S. and R. W. H. Wright, Movements of irregularities and atmospheric winds, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 30, 657-691, 1968.
38. Briggs, B. H., Ionospheric Drifts, J atmos. terr. Physics, 39, 1023-1033, 1977.
39. Hocking, W.K., The spaced antenna drift method, In Handbook for MAP, 9, ed. S.A. Bowhill and B. Edwards, SCOSTEP Secretariat, Urbana, 1983, pp. 171-186.
40. Reid, I.M., MF Doppler and spaced antenna radar measurements of upper middle atmosphere winds, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 50, 117-134, 1988.
41. Briggs, B.H. and R.A. Vincent, Some theoretical considerations on remote probing of weakly scattering irregularities, Aust. J. Phys., 26, 805-814, 1973.
42. Hocking, W.K., Adv. Space. Res., 7, 327, 1987.
43. Hocking, W.K., P.T. May and J. Röttger, Interpretation, reliability and accuracy of parameters deduced from by the spaced antenna method in middle atmosphere applications, Pure Appl. Geophys., 130, 571-604, 1989.
44. Briggs, B.H., Radar measurements of aspect sensitivity of atmospheric scatterers using spaced-antenna correlation techniques, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 54, 153-165, 1992.
45. Hocking, W.K., S. Fukao, T. Tsuda, M. Yamamoto, T. Sato and S. Kato, Radio Sci., 25, 613, 1990.
46. Reid, I.M., Radar observations of stratified layers in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (50-100 km), Adv. Space Res., 10, 7-19, 1990.
47. Liu, C. H., J. Rottger, C.J. Pan and S.J. Franke, A model for spaced antenna observational mode for MST radars, Radio Sci., 25, 551-563, 1990.
48. Holdsworth, D.A., and I.M. Reid, A simple model of atmospheric radar backscatter; description and application to the full correlation analysis of spaced antenna data, Radio Sci., In Press, 1995.
49. Briggs B.H. and R. A. Vincent, Spaced-antenna analysis in the frequency domain, Radio Sci., 27, 117-129, 1992.
50. Sheppard, E.L. and M.F. Larsen, Analysis of model simulations of spaced antenna/radar interferometer measurements, Radio Sci., 27, 759-768, 1992.
51. Liu, C.H. and C.J. Pan, New observational techniques for studying the dynamics of the middle atmosphere using the Chung Li VHF radar, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 55, 1055-1066, 1993.
52. Sheppard, E.L., M.F. Larsen, R.D. Palmer, S. Fukao, M. Yamamoto, T. Tsuda and S. Kato, A statistical comparison of spaced antenna and spatial interferometry wind estimation, Radio Sci., 28, 585-593, 1993.
53. Briggs, B.H., On radar interferometric techniques in the situation of volume scatter, Radio Sci., In Press, 1995.
54. Holdsworth, D., and I.M. Reid, Spaced antenna analysis of atmospheric radar backscatter model data, Radio Sci., In Press, 1995.
55. Appleton, E.V., and M.A.F. Barnett, On some direct evidence for downward atmospheric reflection of electric rays, Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 109, 621-641, 1925.
56. Briggs, B.H. PhD Thesis, Cambridge University, 1950.
57. Kudeki, E., and G.R. Stitt, Frequency domain interferometry: a high resolution radar technique for studies of atmospheric turbulence, Geophys. Res.Lett., 14, 198, 1987.
58. Special issue of J atmos. terr. Physics, 55, 241, 1993
59. Mathews, J.D., M. P. Sulzer, C.A. Tepley, R. Bernard, J.L. Fellous, M. Glass, M. Massebeuf, S. Ganguly, R. M. Harper, R.A. Behnke, abd J.C.G. Walker, A comparison between Thompson scatter and meteor radar wind measurements in the 65-105 km altitude region at Arecibo, Plan. Space Sci., 29, 341-348, 1981.
60. Stubbs, T.J., The measurement of winds in the D-region of the ionosphere by tyhe use of partially reflected radio waves, J. atmos. terr. Phys, 35, 909-919, 1973.
61. Cervera, M.A., and I.M. Reid, Comparison of simultaneous wind measurements using co-located VHF meteor radar and MF spaced antenna radar systems, Radio Sci., In Press, 1995.
62. Burrage, M.D., W.R. Skinner, A.R. Marshall, P.B. Hays, R.S. Leiberman, S.J. Franke, D.A. Gell, D.A. Ortland, Y.T. Morton, F.J. Schmidlin, R.A. Vincent, and W.L. Wu, Comparison of HRDI wind measurements with radar and rocket observations, Geophys. Res Lett., 20, 1259-1262, 1993.
63. Pittaway, M.L.V., J.W. Wright and L.S. Fedor, The interpretation of ionospheric radio drift meaurements-III: Validation of correlation analysis by computer simulation, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 33, 635-660, 1971.
64. Meek, C.E., and I. M. Reid, A simple model for testing the effects of gravity wave produced vertical oscillations of scattering irregularities on spaced antenna horizontal drift measurements, In Handbook for Map, 14, SCOSTEP Secretariat, Urbana, 1984, pp131-133.
65. Sürücü, F., S.J. Franke and E. Kudeki, On the influence of specular reflections in medium frequency (MF) radar wind measurements, Radio Sci., In press, 1994.
66. Pfister, W., The wave-like nature of irregularities in the E-region, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 33, 999-1025, 1971.
67. Holmes, N. E., An ultrasonic image forming system for ionospheric studies, PhD Thesis, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, 1974
68. Mitra, S. N. A radio method of measuring winds in the ionosphere, Proc. of the IEE, 96, 441-446, 1949.
69. Roettger, J. and H. M. Ierkic , Postset beam steering and interferometer applications of VHF radars to study winds, waves and turbulence in the lower and middle atmosphere, Radio Sci., 20, 1461-1480, 1985.
70. VanBaelen, J. S. and A. D. Richmond, Radar interferometry technique: three-dimensional wind measurement theory, Radio Sci., 26, 1209-1218, 1991
71. Fritts, D.C., private communication, 1995.
72. Singer, W., private communication, 1995.
73. Vincent, R.A., D.A. Holdsworth, I.M. Reid and M.A. Cervera, Spaced antenna wind measurements: The effects of signal saturation, Procedings of the workshop on Wind Observations in the Middle Atmosphere, Paris, In Press, 1995.
74. Holdsworth, D.A, On the analysis of spaced sensor data, Ph.D Thesis, University of Adelaide, Australia, 1995.