Evidence for negative stiffness of QCD flux tubes in the large-N limit of SU(N)

Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

Volumn 381, Issue 1-3, 1996, Pages 286-290

  Kleinert, H ^a   Chervyakov, A M ^b  

^a FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^b JOINT INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0042877765     PISSN: 03702693     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00628-4     Document Type: Article

References (27)

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11. Field effects where shown to produce a negative stiffness of surfaces in H. Kleinert, Phys. Lett. B 211 (1988) 151.
12. Precisely such field effect arise for world sheet in the Abelian Higgs model in the London limit as can be seen in H. Kleinert, Phys. Lett. B 246 (1990) 127, where Eq. (24) shows that the energy parallel surface elements give a maximal energy which decreases if the surface is bent [more on this theory in Phys. Lett. B 293 (1992) 168; Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7 (1992) 4693].
13. Precisely such field effect arise for world sheet in the Abelian Higgs model in the London limit as can be seen in H. Kleinert, Phys. Lett. B 246 (1990) 127, where Eq. (24) shows that the energy parallel surface elements give a maximal energy which decreases if the surface is bent [more on this theory in Phys. Lett. B 293 (1992) 168; Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7 (1992) 4693].
14. Precisely such field effect arise for world sheet in the Abelian Higgs model in the London limit as can be seen in H. Kleinert, Phys. Lett. B 246 (1990) 127, where Eq. (24) shows that the energy parallel surface elements give a maximal energy which decreases if the surface is bent [more on this theory in Phys. Lett. B 293 (1992) 168; Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7 (1992) 4693].
15. A positive stiffness of flux tubes was found by R. Gregory, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 199; a negative in K.I. Maeda and N. Turok, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 376; S.M. Barr and D. Hochberg, Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2308; P. Orland, Nucl. Phys. B 428 (1994) 221. No stiffness was found in R. Gregory, D. Haws and D. Garfinkle, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 343; R. Gregory, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 520. For other discussions of world sheet actions derived from nonrelativistic Nielsen-Olesen vortices see A. Zee, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 111; M. Hatsuda, S. Yahikozawa, P. Ao and D.J. Thouless, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 15870.
16. A positive stiffness of flux tubes was found by R. Gregory, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 199; a negative in K.I. Maeda and N. Turok, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 376; S.M. Barr and D. Hochberg, Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2308; P. Orland, Nucl. Phys. B 428 (1994) 221. No stiffness was found in R. Gregory, D. Haws and D. Garfinkle, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 343; R. Gregory, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 520. For other discussions of world sheet actions derived from nonrelativistic Nielsen-Olesen vortices see A. Zee, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 111; M. Hatsuda, S. Yahikozawa, P. Ao and D.J. Thouless, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 15870.
17. A positive stiffness of flux tubes was found by R. Gregory, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 199; a negative in K.I. Maeda and N. Turok, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 376; S.M. Barr and D. Hochberg, Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2308; P. Orland, Nucl. Phys. B 428 (1994) 221. No stiffness was found in R. Gregory, D. Haws and D. Garfinkle, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 343; R. Gregory, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 520. For other discussions of world sheet actions derived from nonrelativistic Nielsen-Olesen vortices see A. Zee, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 111; M. Hatsuda, S. Yahikozawa, P. Ao and D.J. Thouless, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 15870.
18. A positive stiffness of flux tubes was found by R. Gregory, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 199; a negative in K.I. Maeda and N. Turok, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 376; S.M. Barr and D. Hochberg, Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2308; P. Orland, Nucl. Phys. B 428 (1994) 221. No stiffness was found in R. Gregory, D. Haws and D. Garfinkle, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 343; R. Gregory, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 520. For other discussions of world sheet actions derived from nonrelativistic Nielsen-Olesen vortices see A. Zee, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 111; M. Hatsuda, S. Yahikozawa, P. Ao and D.J. Thouless, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 15870.
19. A positive stiffness of flux tubes was found by R. Gregory, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 199; a negative in K.I. Maeda and N. Turok, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 376; S.M. Barr and D. Hochberg, Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2308; P. Orland, Nucl. Phys. B 428 (1994) 221. No stiffness was found in R. Gregory, D. Haws and D. Garfinkle, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 343; R. Gregory, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 520. For other discussions of world sheet actions derived from nonrelativistic Nielsen-Olesen vortices see A. Zee, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 111; M. Hatsuda, S. Yahikozawa, P. Ao and D.J. Thouless, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 15870.
20. A positive stiffness of flux tubes was found by R. Gregory, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 199; a negative in K.I. Maeda and N. Turok, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 376; S.M. Barr and D. Hochberg, Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2308; P. Orland, Nucl. Phys. B 428 (1994) 221. No stiffness was found in R. Gregory, D. Haws and D. Garfinkle, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 343; R. Gregory, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 520. For other discussions of world sheet actions derived from nonrelativistic Nielsen-Olesen vortices see A. Zee, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 111; M. Hatsuda, S. Yahikozawa, P. Ao and D.J. Thouless, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 15870.
21. A positive stiffness of flux tubes was found by R. Gregory, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 199; a negative in K.I. Maeda and N. Turok, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 376; S.M. Barr and D. Hochberg, Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2308; P. Orland, Nucl. Phys. B 428 (1994) 221. No stiffness was found in R. Gregory, D. Haws and D. Garfinkle, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 343; R. Gregory, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 520. For other discussions of world sheet actions derived from nonrelativistic Nielsen-Olesen vortices see A. Zee, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 111; M. Hatsuda, S. Yahikozawa, P. Ao and D.J. Thouless, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 15870.
22. A positive stiffness of flux tubes was found by R. Gregory, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 199; a negative in K.I. Maeda and N. Turok, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 376; S.M. Barr and D. Hochberg, Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2308; P. Orland, Nucl. Phys. B 428 (1994) 221. No stiffness was found in R. Gregory, D. Haws and D. Garfinkle, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 343; R. Gregory, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 520. For other discussions of world sheet actions derived from nonrelativistic Nielsen-Olesen vortices see A. Zee, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 111; M. Hatsuda, S. Yahikozawa, P. Ao and D.J. Thouless, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 15870.
23. For the generation of stiffness in biomembranes see; H. Kleinert, Phys. Lett. A 136 (1989) 253; M. Kiometzis and H. Kleinert, Phys. Lett. A 140 (1989) 520.
24. For the generation of stiffness in biomembranes see; H. Kleinert, Phys. Lett. A 136 (1989) 253; M. Kiometzis and H. Kleinert, Phys. Lett. A 140 (1989) 520.
25. H. Kleinert, Gauge Fields in Condensed Matter (World Scientific, Singapore, 1989) Vol. I.
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27. J. Polchinski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 (1992) 1267.