The scalable modeling system: Directive-based code parallelization for distributed and shared memory computers

Parallel Computing

Volumn 29, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 995-1020

  Govett, M ^a   Hart, L ^a   Henderson, T ^a,b   Middlecoff, J ^a,c   Schaffer, D ^a,c  

^a NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^b NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^c Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

Automatic parallel code generation; Directive based parallelization tool; Distributed memory computers; Fortran source code translator; Weather and ocean models

Indexed keywords

APPROXIMATION THEORY; BINARY CODES; FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD; FORTRAN (PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE);

SHARED MEMORY COMPUTERS;

PARALLEL PROCESSING SYSTEMS;

EID: 0042864602     PISSN: 01678191     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0167-8191(03)00084-X     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Arakawa A., Lamb V. Computational design of the basic dynamical processes of the UCLA general circulation model. Meth. Comput. Phys. 17:1977;173-265.
2. C. Baillie, A.E. MacDonald, J.L. Lee, QNH: a Numerical Weather Prediction Model developed for MPPs, in: International Conference HPCN Challenges in Telecomp and Telecom: Parallel Simulation of Complex Systems and Large Scale Applications, Delft, The Netherlands, 1996.
3. V. Balaji, Parallel numerical kernels for climate models, in: Proceeds of the 9th ECMWF Workshop on the Use of High-performance Computing in Meteorology, 2001, pp. 277-295.
4. S. Benjamin, J. Brown, K. Brundage, D. Dévényi, G. Grell, D. Kim, B. Schwartz, T. Smirnova, T. Smith, S. Weygandt, G. Manikin, RUC 20 - The 20-km version of the rapid update cycle, National Weather Service Technical Procedures Bulletin No. 490, 2002. Available from < http://ruc.fsl.noaa.gov/ppp_pres/RUC20-tpb.pdf>.
5. Bleck R. An Oceanic General Circulation Model framed in hybrid isopycnic-cartesian coordinates. J. Ocean Model. 4:2002;55-88.
6. Bleck R., Dean S., O'Keefe M., Sawdey A. A comparison of data-parallel and message passing versions of the Miami Isopycnic Coordinate Ocean Model (MICOM). Parallel Comput. 21:1995.
7. Bleck R., Rooth C., Hu D., Smith L. Salinity-driven thermocline transients in a wind and thermohaline-forced isopycnic coordinate model of the North Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 22:1992;1486-1505.
8. Blumberg A.F., Mellor G.L. A description of a three-dimensional coastal ocean circulation model. Heaps N. Three-Dimensional Coastal Ocean Models. 1987;208 American Geophysical Union.
9. D.S. Chen, K.N. Huang, T.C. Yeh, M.S. Peng, S.W. Chang, Recent improvements of the typhoon forecast system in Taiwan, in: 23rd Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meterology, Dallas, TX, 2000, pp. 823-825.
10. Earth System Modeling Framework Development Team. Available from .
11. Edwards J., Snook J., Christidis Z. Forecasting for the 1996 Summer Olympic Games with the NNT-RAMS Parallel Model. 13th International Information and Interactive Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology, Long Beach, CA. 1997;19-21 American Meteorological Society.
12. M. Frumkin, H. Jin, J. Yan, Implementation of NAS parallel benchmarks in high-performance FORTRAN, NAS Technical Report NAS-98-009, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 1999. Available from .
13. M. Frumkin, H. Jin, A. Waheed, J. Yan, A comparison of automatic parallelization tools/compilers on the SGI Origin 2000, in: Proceedings of Super Computing '98, Orlando, Florida, 1998. Available from .
14. M. Govett, J. Edwards, L. Hart, T. Henderson, D. Schaffer, SMS Reference Manual, 2001. Available from .
15. Gray R., Heuring V., Levi S., Sloane A., Waite W., Eli A flexible compiler construction system. Commun. ACM. 35:1992;121-131.
16. Gropp W., Lusk E., Skjellum A. Using MPI, Portable Parallel Programming with the Message Passing Interface. 1994;MIT Press.
17. Haidvogel D.B., Arango H.G., Hedstrom K., Beckman A., Malanotte-Rizzoli P., Shchepetkin A.F. Model evaluation experiments in the North Atlantic Basin: simulations in nonlinear terrain-following coordinates. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans. 32:2000;239-281.
18. T. Henderson, C. Baillie, S. Benjamin, T. Black, R. Bleck, G. Carr, L. Hart, M. Govett, A. Marroquin, J. Middlecoff, B. Rodriguez, Progress toward demonstrating operational capability of massively parallel processors at Forecast Systems Laboratory, in: Proceedings of the Sixth ECMWF Workshop on the Use of Parallel Processors in Meteorology, European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, 1994.
19. T. Henderson, D. Schaffer, M. Govett, L. Hart, SMS User's Guide, 2002. Available from .
20. Ierotheou C.S., Johnson S.P., Cross M., Leggett P.F. Computer-aided parallelization tools (CAPTools) - conceptual overview and performance on the parallelization of structured mesh codes. Parallel Comput. 22:1996;163-195.
21. Koelbel C., Loverman D., Shreiber R., Steele G. Jr., Zosel M. The High-performance Fortran Handbook. 1994;MIT Press.
22. S. Kothari, Y. Kim, Parallel agent for atmospheric models, in: Proceedings of the Symposium on Regional Weather Prediction on Parallel Computing Environments, 1997, pp. 287-294.
23. Liou C.S., Chen J., Terng C., Wang F., Fong C., Rosmond T., Kuo H., Shiao C., Cheng M. The second-generation Global Forecast System at the Central Weather Bureau in Taiwan. Weather Forecast. 12:1997;653-663.
24. MacDonald A.E., Lee J.L., Xie Y. QNH: Design and test of a Quasi Non-hydrostatic Model for mesoscale weather prediction. Month. Weather Rev. 128:2000;1016-1036.
25. G. Manikin, M. Baldwin, W. Collins, J. Gerrity, D. Keyser, Y. Lin, K. Mitchell, E. Rodgers, Changes to the NCEP Eta Runs: extended range, added input, added output, convective changes, National Centers for Environmental Prediction Technical Procedures Bulletin, 2000. Available from < http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/tpb/465.htm>.
26. F. Mesinger, The Eta Regional Model and its performance at the US National Centers for Environmental Prediction, in: International Workshop on Limited-area and Variable Resolution Models. Beijing, China, vol. 699, WMO/TD, 1995, pp. 42-51.
27. J. Michalakes, RSL: A Parallel Runtime System Library for Regular Grid Finite Difference Models using Multiple Nests, Tech. Rep. ANL/MCS-TM-197, Argonne National Laboratory, 1994.
28. J. Michalakes, FLIC: A Translator for Same-Source Parallel Implementation of Regular Grid Applications, Tech. Rep. ANL/MCS-TM-223, Argonne National Laboratory, 1997.
29. J. Michalakes, J. Dudhia, D. Gill, J. Klemp, W. Shamarock, Design of a next generation Regional Weather Research and Forecast Model, in: Proceedings of the Eighth ECMWF Workshop on the Use of Parallel Processors in Meteorology, European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, 1998.
30. T. Ngo, L. Snyder, B. Chamberlain, Portable performance of data parallel languages, in: Supercomputing'97 Conference, San Jose, CA, 1997.
31. Numrich R., Reid K. Co-Array Fortran for parallel programming. ACM Fortran Forum. 17(2):1998;1-31.
32. Program for Integrated Earth System Modeling (PRISM). Available from .
33. Portland Group, Parallel Fortran for HP Systems, 1999. Available from .
34. R.K. Rew, G.P. Davis, Unidata's netCDF interface for scientific data access, in: Sixth International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology, Anaheim, CA, 1990.
35. Rodriguez B., Hart L., Henderson T. Parallelizing Operational Weather Forecast Models for portable and fast execution. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 37:1996;159-170.
36. D. Schaffer, J. Middlecoff, M. Govett, T. Henderson, Performance analysis of the Scalable Modeling System, in: Proceedings of the Tenth ECMWF Workshop on the Use of Parallel Processors in Meteorology, European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, 2002.