'She kows more about Hong Kong than you do isn't it': Tags in Hong Kong conversational English

Journal of Pragmatics

Volumn 33, Issue 9, 2001, Pages 1419-1439

  Cheng, Winnie ^a   Warren, Martin ^a  

^a HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Corpus based study; Intercultural communication; Intercultural pragmatics; Tag questions; Tag words; Tags

Indexed keywords

EID: 0042836742     PISSN: 03782166     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-2166(00)00080-1     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Alexander Louis G. Longman English grammar. 1994;Longman, London.
2. Algeo John. The tag question in British English: It's different, i'n it? English World-Wide. 9:(2):1988;171-191.
3. Algeo John. It's a myth, innit? Politeness and the English tag question. Ricks Christopher, Michaels Leonard. The state of the language. 1990;443-450 University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
4. Ardent Russell. Sociopragmatic decisions regarding complaints by Chinese learners and NSs of American English. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics. 1:1996;125-147.
5. Baik Martin J., Shim Rosa J. Yes, we have no bananas: English negative tags in cross-linguistic communication. Studies in the Linguistics Sciences. 23:(1):1993;43-59.
6. Bargiela-Chiappini Francesca, Harris Sandra. The languages of business: An international perspective. 1997;Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
7. Beebe Leslie, Giles Howard. Speech-accommodation theories: A discussion in terms of second-language acquisition. International Journal of the Sociology of Language. 46:1984;5-32.
8. Beebe Leslie, Takahashi Tomoko, Uliss-Weltz Robin. Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. Scarcella Robin, Andersen Elaine, Krashen Stephen. Developing communicative competence in a second language. 1990;55-73 Newbury House, New York.
9. Blum-Kulka Shoshana. Learning to say what you mean in a second language: A study of the speech act performance of learners of Hebrew as a second language. Applied Linguistics. 3:(1):1982;29-59.
10. Blum-Kulka Shoshana, House Juliane, Kasper Gabriele. Cross-cultural pragmatics: requests and apologies. 1989;Ablex, Norwood, NJ.
11. Bourhis Richard. The sequential nature of language choice in cross-cultural communication. Cappella Joseph, Giles Howard, Street Richard. Sequence and pattern in communicative behaviour. 1985;120-141 Arnold, London.
12. Burton Deirdre. Dialogue and discourse. 1980;Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.
13. Byram Michael. Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence. 1997;Multilingual Matters, Clevedon.
14. Lakoff in context: The social and linguistic functions of tag questions. Cameron Deborah, McAlinden Fiona, O'Leary Kathy, Coates Jennifer, Cameron Deborah. Women in their speech communities: New perspectives on language and sex. 1989;74-93 Longman, London.
15. Canale Michael, Swain Merrill. Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics. 1:(1):1980;1-47.
16. Cheng Winnie. Learning how and when to speak indirectly. Proceedings of teaching and Language Corpora 98. 1998;33-41 Keble College, Oxford University.
17. Cheng Winnie, Warren Martin. Inexplicitness: What is it and should we be teaching it? Applied Linguistics. 20:(3):1999a;293-315.
18. Cheng Winnie, Warren Martin. Facilitating a description of intercultural conversations: The Hong Kong Corpus of Conversational English. ICAME Journal. 23:1997b;5-20.
19. Cheng Winnie, Warren Martin. The Hong Kong Corpus of Spoken English: Language learning through language description. Burnard Lou, McEnery Tony. Rethinking language pedagogy from a corpus perspective. 2000;107-116 Lang, Hamburg.
20. Creese Angela. Speech act variation in Britain and American English. PENN Working Papers. 7:(2):1991;37-58.
21. Giles Howard, Coupland Nikolas. Language: contexts and consequences. 1991;Open University Press, Milton Keynes.
22. Harris Sandra. Questions as a mode of control in magistrates' courts. International Journal of the Sociology of Language. 49:1984;5-27.
23. Holmes Janet. The functions of tag questions. English Language Research Journal. 3:1983;40-65.
24. Holmes Janet. Women's language: A functional approach. General Linguistics. 24:1984a;149-178.
25. Holmes Janet. Hedging your bets and sitting on the fence: Some evidence for hedges as support structures. Te Reo. 27:1984b;47-62.
26. Holmes Janet. Functions of you know in women's and men's speech. Language in Society. 15:(1):1986;1-22.
27. House Juliane. Politeness in English and German: The functions of please and bitte. Blum-Kulka Shoshana, House Juliane, Kasper Gabriele. Cross-cultural pragmatics: requests and apologies. 1989;96-119 Ablex, Norwood, NJ.
28. Hudson Richard A. The meaning of questions. Language. 51:1975;1-31.
29. Hymes Dell. On communicative competence. Pride John B., Holmes Janet. Sociolinguistics. 1972;269-293 Penguin, Harmondsworth.
30. Kachru Yamuna. Speech acts in the other tongue: An integrated approach to cross-cultural research. World Englishes. 11:(2-3):1992;235-240.
31. Kumagai Tomoko. Matsuda Tokuichiro. Remedial interactions as face-management: The case of Japanese and Americans. 1993;278-300 Kenkyusha, Tokyo. In: In honor of.
32. Lakoff Robin. Language in context. Language. 48:1972;907-927.
33. Lakoff Robin. Language and woman's place. 1975;Harper and Row, New York.
34. Leech Geoffrey. Principles of pragmatics. 1983;London, Longman.
35. Levinson Stephen. Pragmatics. 1983;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
36. Liao Chao-chih. A study on the strategies, maxims, and development of refusal in Mandarin Chinese. 1994;Crane, Taipei.
37. Liao Chao-chih, Bresnahan Mary I. A contrastive pragmatic study on American English and Mandarin refusal strategies. Language Sciences. 18:(3-4):1996;703-727.
38. Maschler Yael. Metalanguaging and discourse markers in bilingual conversation. Language in Society. 23:1994;325-366.
39. Matthews Stephen, Virginia Yip. Cantonese: a comprehensive grammar. 1994;Routledge, London.
40. Morin Yves. Tag questions in French. Linguistic Inquiry. 4:1973;97-100.
41. Nässlin Siv. The English tag question: A study of sentences containing tags of the type 'isn't it?', 'is it?'. 1984;University of Stockholm, Stockholm.
42. Olshtain Elite, Cohen Andrew D. A speech-act set. Wolfson Nessa, Judd Elliot. Sociolinguistics and language acquisition. 1983;13-35 Newbury House, Cambridge, MA.
43. Östman Jan-Ola. 'You know': A discourse-functional approach. Pragmatics and Beyond II (7). 1981;Benjamins, Amsterdam.
44. Östman Jan-Ola. The symbiotic relationship between pragmatic particles and impromptu speech. Enkvist Nils Erik. Impromptu speech: A symposium. 1982;147-177 Åbo Akademi, Åbo.
45. Quirk Randolph, Greenbaum Sidney, Leech Geoffrey, Svartvik Jan. A comprehensive grammar of the English language. 1985;Longman, New York.
46. Renouf Antoinette. The elicitation of spoken English. Tottie Gunnel, Bäcklund Ingegerd. English in speech and writing: A symposium. 1986;177-194 Almqvist and Wiksell, Stockholm.
47. Ribeau Sidney, Hecht Michael. The alignment of interethnic communication. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Eastern Communication Association. Atlantic City, NJ. 1986.
48. Sankoff Gillian, Thibault Pierrette, Nagy Naomi, Blondeau Hélène, Fonollosa Marie-Odile, Gagnon Lucie. Variation in the use of discourse markers in a language contact situation. Language Variation and Change. 9:1997;191-217.
49. Schiffrin Deborah. Discourse markers. 1987;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
50. Schmidt Richard A., Richards Jack C. Speech acts and second language learning. Applied Linguistics. 1:(2):1980;129-157.
51. Scollon Ron, Scollon Suzanne B.K. Athabaskan-English interethnic communication. Center for Cross-cultural Studies, University of Alaska, Fairbanks. 1980.
52. Sinclair John. A course in spoken English: Grammar. 1972;Oxford University Press, Oxford.
53. Sinclair John. Collins COBUILD English grammar. 1990;HarperCollins, London.
54. Thomas Jenny. Cross-cultural pragmatic failure. Applied Linguistics. 4:(2):1983;91-112.
55. Togeby Ole. Is there a separate women's language? International Journal of the Sociology of Language. 94:1992;63-73.
56. van Ek Jan Ate. Objectives for foreign language learning. Scope. 1:1986;Council of Europe, Strasbourg.
57. Watts Richard. A relevance-theoretic approach to commentary pragmatic markers: The case of actually, really and basically. Acta Linguistica Hungarica. 38:(1-4):1988;235-260.
58. Wever Elizabeth. Varieties of questions in English conversation. 1993;Benjamins, Amsterdam.
59. Winefield Helen R., Chandler Margaret A., Bassett Darryl L. Tag questions and powerfulness: quantitative and qualitative analyses of a course of psychotherapy. Language in Society. 18:1989;77-86.