Shallow ripples with giant wavelengths observed by atomic force microscopy: Real effects and the report of a new artifact

Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures

Volumn 14, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 1591-1595

  Dai, Zhenxi ^a   Yoo, Minsun ^a   De Lozanne, Alex ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0042779927     PISSN: 10711023     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1116/1.589196     Document Type: Article

References (19)

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3. P.W.M. Jacobs and H.M. Whitehead, Chem. Rev. 69, 551 (1969); S.-M. Shen, S.-I. Chen, and B.-H. Wu, Thermochim. Acta 223, 135 (1993).
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7. M. Yoo, S. Yoon, and A. de Lozanne, in Structure and Properties of Energetic Materials, edited by D.H. Liebenberg, R.W. Amstrong, and J.J Gilman (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1992), pp. 93-98; J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 12, 1638 (1994).
8. Additional forces (e.g., electrostatic) may be present between the tip and the sample, as in most AFM work.
9. R.D. Stewart, Perchlorates, edited by J.C. Schumacher (Reinhold, New York, 1960), pp. 30-35.
10. Naval Surface Weapons Center, Silver Spring, MD.
11. M. Ya. Grinfeld, Sov. Phys. Dokl. 831 (1986); a recent review is published in J. Nonlin. Sci. 3, 35 (1993).
12. M. Ya. Grinfeld, Sov. Phys. Dokl. 831 (1986); a recent review is published in J. Nonlin. Sci. 3, 35 (1993).
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14. P. Nozières, J. Phys. I France 3, 681 (1993).
15. P. Nozières, in Spatio Temporal Patterns in Nonequilibrium Complex Systems, edited by P.E. Cladis and P. Palffy-Muhoray (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1995), pp. 65-75.
16. NaCl has been measured by AFM in the pioneering work of G. Meyer and N.M. Amer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 2100 (1990); 53, 1045 (1988); 53, 2400 (1988). Unfortunately all of their published images are too small to show the effects reported here.
17. NaCl has been measured by AFM in the pioneering work of G. Meyer and N.M. Amer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 2100 (1990); 53, 1045 (1988); 53, 2400 (1988). Unfortunately all of their published images are too small to show the effects reported here.
18. NaCl has been measured by AFM in the pioneering work of G. Meyer and N.M. Amer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 2100 (1990); 53, 1045 (1988); 53, 2400 (1988). Unfortunately all of their published images are too small to show the effects reported here.
19. We have recently attempted to image the ripples with a commercial NSOM and with a commercial AFM that uses piezoresistive cantilevers. Unfortunately these techniques are thus far not able to image the smaller crystalline steps, so it is not surprising that we have not seen the ripples with them.