Race and women's identity development: Distinguishing between feminism and womanism among black and white women

Sex Roles

Volumn 49, Issue 5-6, 2003, Pages 211-218

  Boisnier, Alicia D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Feminism; Identity development; Racial differences; Self esteem

Indexed keywords

EID: 0042730046     PISSN: 03600025     EISSN: 15732762     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1024696022407     Document Type: Review

References (26)

1. Alarcon, M. C. B. (1998). The relationship between womanist identity attitudes, cultural identity, and acculturation to Asian-American women's self-esteem. Dissertation Abstracts International, 58(7), 3954B. (UMI No. AAM9738286)
2. Bargad, A., & Hyde, J. S. (1991). Women's studies: A study of feminist identity development in women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 15, 181-202.
3. Breinlinger, S., & Kelly, C. (1994). Women's responses to status inequality: A test of social identity theory. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18, 1-16.
4. Burn, S. M., Aboud, R., & Moyles, C. (2000). The relationship between gender social identity and support for feminism. Sex Roles, 42, 1081-1089.
5. Buschman, J. K., & Lenart, S. (1996). "I am not a feminist, but...": College women, feminism, and negative experiences. Political Psychology, 17, 59-75.
6. Carpenter, S., & Johnson, L. E. (2001). Women derive self-esteem from their feminist identity. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 25, 254-257.
7. Cross, W. E., Jr. (1971). The Negro-to-Black conversion experience: Toward a psychology of Black liberation. Black World, 20, 13-27.
8. Downing, N. E., & Roush, K. L. (1985). From passive acceptance to active commitment: A model of feminist identity development for women. Counseling Psychologist, 13, 695-709.
9. Fox, M., & Auerbach, D. (1983). Whatever it is, don't call me one: Women students' attitudes toward feminism. International Journal of Women's Studies, 6, 352-362.
10. Hemmons, W. M. (1974). Towards an understanding of attitudes held by the Black woman on the Women's Liberation Movement. Dissertation Abstracts International, 34(8), 5359A.
11. Inoue, S. (1998). Coping with oppression among Japanese-American women: Cross-cultural comparisons of coping, cognitive appraisal, ethnic identity, and feminist identity. Dissertation Abstracts International, 59(6), 3121B.
12. Jacobson, M. B. (1979). A rose by any other name: Attitudes toward feminism as a function of its label. Sex Roles, 5, 67-78.
13. Jacobson, M. B. (1981). You say potato and I say potahto: Attitudes toward feminism as a function of its subject-selected label. Sex Roles, 7, 349-354.
14. Kelly, E. M. (2001). Female, young, African-American and low-income: What's feminism got to do with her? Feminism and Psychology, 11, 152-156.
15. King, K. R. (1999). The role of multiple group identities in the experience of discrimination: Black women's attributions to prejudice. Dissertation Abstracts International, 59(9), 5167B. (UMI No. AAM9905566)
16. Levitt, M. J. (1996). Intersections/missed connections: Racial and womanist identity development in a group of Black and White women. Dissertation Abstracts International, 56(9), 3753A. (UMI No. AAM9600043)
17. Martin, J. K., & Hall, G. C. N. (1992). Thinking Black, thinking internal, thinking feminist. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 39, 509-514.
18. Miles, S. E. (1998). The relationship between racial identity, feminist identity, and psychological well-being in a sample of Black women. Dissertation Abstracts International, 59(1), 451B. (UMI No. AAM9820682)
19. Moradi, B., Subich, L., & Phillips, J. (2002). Revisiting feminist identity development theory, research, and practice. Counseling Psychologist, 30, 6-43.
20. Myaskovsky, L., & Wittig, M. A. (1997). Predictors of feminist social identity among college women. Sex Roles, 37, 861-883.
21. Ossana, S. M., Helms, J. E., & Leonard, M. M. (1992). Do "womanist" identity attitudes influence college women's self-esteem and perceptions of environmental bias? Journal of Counseling and Development, 70, 402-408.
22. Poindexter-Cameron, J. M., & Robinson, T. L. (1997). Relationships among racial identity attitudes, womanist identity attitudes, and self-esteem in African American college women. Journal of College Student Development, 38, 288-296.
23. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
24. Smith, C. A. (1999). I enjoy being a girl: Collective self-esteem, feminism, and attitudes toward women. Sex Roles, 40, 281-293.
25. Walker, A. (1983). In search of our mothers' gardens: Womanist prose. San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
26. Watt, S. K. (1997). Identity and the making of meaning: Psychosocial identity, racial identity, womanist identity, self-esteem, and the faith development of African-American college women. Dissertation Abstracts International, 58(6), 2091A. (UMI No. AAM9736850)