Self-healing structural composite materials

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Volumn 34, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 743-753

  Kessler, M R ^a   Sottos, N R ^b,c   White, S R ^b,c  

^a The University of Tulsa   (United States)

^b United States of America   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

A. Polymer matrix composites (PMCs); B. Delamination; B. Fracture toughness; E. Repair

Indexed keywords

CANTILEVER BEAMS; COMPOSITE STRUCTURES; CRACK PROPAGATION; DELAMINATION; EPOXY RESINS; FRACTURE TOUGHNESS; MICROCRACKING; NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION; POLYMERIZATION; REACTION KINETICS;

POLYMER-MATRIX COMPOSITES (PMC);

FIBER REINFORCED MATERIALS;

EID: 0042632948     PISSN: 1359835X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1359-835X(03)00138-6     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Talrega R. Damage development in composites: mechanisms and modelling. J Strain Anal Engng Des. 24:1989;215-222.
2. Talrega R. Damage mechanics of composite materials. 1994;Elsevier, New York.
3. Gamstedt E.K., Talrega R. Fatigue damage mechanisms in unidirectional carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics. J Mater Sci. 34:1999;2535-2546.
4. Hollaway L. Polymer composites for civil and structural engineering. 1993;Chapman & Hall, London.
5. Heslehurst R.B. Challenges in the repair of composite structures - Part I. SAMPE J. 33:(5):1997;11-16.
6. Heslehurst R.B. Challenges in the repair of composite structures - Part II. SAMPE J. 33:(6):1997;16-21.
7. Liu D., Lee C.Y., Lu X. Repairability of impact-induced damage in SMC composites. J Compos Mater. 27:(13):1993;1257-1270.
8. Mahler M, Hahn HT. In Eighth Japan-US Conference on Composite Materials, Baltimore, Md, September 24-25, 1998. Proceedings (A99-19426 04-24).Lancaster, Pa: Technomic Publishing Co. Inc; 1998. p. 53-62.
9. Russell AJ, Bowers CP. Resin requirements for successful repair of delaminations. In 36th International SAMPE Symposium, San Diego, CA; April 15-18, 1991. p. 2279-91.
10. Dehm S., Wurzel D. Fast in-situ repair of aircraft panel components. J Aircraft. 26:(5):1989;476-481.
11. Heslehurst R.B. Repair of delamination damage-a simplified approach. Int SAMPE Symp Exhibition. 41:(2):1996;915-924.
12. Suchar-Buell K.J. Structural repair of composites. Polym Polym Compos. 1:(4):1993;297-308.
13. White S.R., Sottos N.R., Geubelle P.H., Moore J.S., Kessler M.R., Sriram S.R., Brown E.N., Viswanathan S. Autonomic healing of polymer composites. Nature. 409:2001;794-797.
14. Brown E.N., Sottos N.R., White S.R. Fracture testing of a self-healing polymer composite. Exp Mech. 42:(4):2002;372-379.
15. Kessler M.R., White S.R. Self-activated healing of delamination damage in woven composites. Composites Part A: Appl Sci Manuf. 32:2001;683-699.
16. Kessler MR. Characterization and performance of a self-healing composite material. PhD Dissertation. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2002.
17. Mostovoy S. 10th Interim Report, LR27614-10, Contract F 33615-75-C-5224, AFML; 1975.
18. Brussat TR, Chin ST, Mostovoy S. Fracture mechanics for structural adhesive bonds. Phase II, AFML-TR-77-163. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Ohio; 1978.
19. Bandyopadhyay S., Gellert E.P., Silva V.M., Underwood J.H. Microscopic aspects of failure and fracture in cross-ply fibre reinforced composite laminates. J Compos Mater. 23:1989;1216-1231.
20. Bascom W.D., Bitner J.L., Moulton R.J., Siebert A.R. The interlaminar fracture of organic-matrix, woven reinforcement composites. Composites. 11:(1):1980;9-18.
21. Hwang W., Han K.S. Interlaminar fracture behavior and fiber bridging of glass-epoxy composite under mode I static and cyclic loadings. J Compos Mater. 23:1989;396-430.
22. Smith G., Green A.K., Bowyer W.H. The fracture toughness of glass fabric reinforced polyester resins. Stanley P. Fracture mechanics in engineering practice. 1976;271-287 Applied Science Publishers Ltd, London.
23. Daniel I.M., Shareef I., Aliyu A.A. Rate effects on delamination fracture toughness of a toughened graphite/epoxy. Johnston N.J. Toughened composites. ASTM STP. 1987;260-274 American Society for Testing and Materials.
24. Zhu X.Y., Li Z.X., Jin Y.X. Laminar fracture behaviour of (carbon/glass) hybrid fibre reinforced laminates. Part I. Laminar fracture process. Engng Fract Mech. 44:(4):1993;545-552.
25. Han K.S., Koutski J. The interlaminar fracture energy of glass fiber reinforced polyester composites. J Compos Mater. 15:1981;371-388.
26. Bascom W.D., Boll D.J., Hunston D.L., Fuller B., Phillips P.J. Fractographic analysis of interlaminar fracture. Johnston N.J. Toughened composites. ASTM STP. 1987;131-149 American Society for Testing and Materials.
27. Lee S.M. A comparison of fracture toughness of matrix controlled failure modes: delamination and transverse cracking. J Compos Mater. 20:1986;185-196.
28. Li Z., Zhou J., Ding M., He T. A study of the effect of geometry on the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness measured by width tapered double cantilever beam specimen. J Mater Sci Lett. 15:1996;1489-1491.
29. Ebeling T., Hiltner A., Baer E. Delamination failure of a woven glass fiber composite. J Compos Mater. 31:(13):1997;1318-1333.
30. Hirai Y., Hamada H. Determination of interfacial material constants in plain glass woven fabric using finite element analysis. Compos Interfaces. 5:(1):1997;69-86.
31. Suzuki Y., Maekawa Z., Hamada H., Yokoyama A., Sugihara T., Hojo M. Influence of silane coupling agents on interlaminar fracture in glass fibre fabric reinforced unsaturated polyester laminates. J Mater Sci. 28:(7):1993;1725-1732.
32. Martin R.H. Delamination characterization of woven glass/polyester composites. J Compos Technol Res. 19:(1):1997;20-28.
33. Drzal L.T., Madhukar M. Fiber-matrix adhesion and its relationship to composite mechanical properties. J Mater Sci. 28:(3):1993;569-610.
34. Bradley W.L., Cohen R.N. Matrix deformation and fracture in graphite-reinforced epoxies. Delamination and debonding of materials. ASTM STP 876. 1985;American Society for Testing and Materials.
35. Kessler M.R., White S.R. Cure kinetics of ring-opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene. J Polym Sci, Part A. 40:2002;2373-2383.