Regime uncertainty: Why the great depression lasted so long and why prosperity resumed after the war

Independent Review

Volumn 1, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 561-590

  Higgs, Robert ^a,b  

^a Independent Institute   (United States)

^b SEATTLE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0042605064     PISSN: 10861653     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Alston, Lee J., Thráinn Eggertsson, and Douglass C. North. 1996. Introduction to Empirical Studies in Institutional Change, edited by L. J. Alston, T. Eggertsson, and D. G. North. New York: Cambridge University Press.
2. Anderson, Benjamin M. [1949] 1979. Economics and the Public Welfare: A Financial and Economic History of the United States, 1914-46. Indianapolis: Liberty Press.
3. Badger, Anthony J. 1989. The New Deal: The Depression Tears, 1933-40. New York: Noonday Press.
4. Bennett, W. Lance. 1980. Public Opinion in American Politics. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
5. Brinkley, Alan. 1995. The End of Reform: New Deal Liberalism in Recession and War. New York: Knopf.
6. Brownlee, W. Elliot. 1985. Taxation. In Franklin D. Roosevelt, His Life and Times: An Encyclopedic View, edited by O. L. Graham Jr. and M. R. Wander. Boston: G. K. Half & Co.
7. _. 1996. Federal Taxation in America: A Short History. Washington: Woodrow Wilson Center Press; New York: Cambridge University Press.
8. Calomiris, Charles W., and R. Glenn Hubbard. 1995. Internal Finance and Investment: Evidence from the Undistributed Profits Tax of 1936-37. Journal of Business 68 (October): 443-82.
9. Cantril, Hadley, ed. 1951. Public Opinion, 1935-1946. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
10. Chandler, Lester V. 1970. America's Greatest Depression, 1929-1941. New York: Harper & Row.
11. Collins, Robert M. 1981. Ttie Business Response to Keynes, 1929-1964. New York: Columbia University Press.
12. Darby, Michael R. 1976. Three-and-a-Half Million U.S. Employees Have Been Mislaid: Or, an Explanation of Unemployment, 1934-1941. Journal of Political Economy 84 (February): 1-16.
13. Ely, James W. Jr. 1992. Tlie Guardian of Every Other Right: A Constitutional History of Property Rights. New York: Oxford University Press.
14. Fearon, Peter. 1987. War, Prosperity and Depression: The U.S. Economy 1917-45. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
15. Field, Alexander James. 1992. Uncontrolled Land Development and the Duration of the Depression in the United States. Journal of Economic History 52 (December): 785-805.
16. Flynn, John T. 1944. As We Go Marching. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran and Co.
17. Friedman, Milton, and Anna Jacobson Schwartz. 1963. A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
18. Garraty, John A. 1973. The New Deal, National Socialism, and the Great Depression. American Historical Review 78 (October): 907-44.
19. Harris, Seymour. 1945. Price and Related Controls in the United States. New York: McGraw-Hill.
20. Higgs, Robert. 1987. Crisis and Leviathan: Critical Episodes in the Growth of American Government. New York: Oxford University Press.
21. _. 1992. Wartime Prosperity? A Reassessment of the U.S. Economy in the 1940s. Journal of Economic History 52 (March): 41-60.
22. _. 1993. Private Profit, Public Risk: Institutional Antecedents of the Modern Military Procurement System in the Rearmament Program of 1940-1941. In The Sinews of War: Essays on the Economic History of World War II, edited by G. T. Mills and H. Rockoff. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
23. Higgs, Robert, and Anthony Kilduff. 1993. Public Opinion: A Powerful Predictor of U.S. Defense Spending. Defence Economics 4:227-38.
24. Hooks, Gregory. 1991. Forging the Military-Industrial Complex: World War IPs Battle of the Potomac. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
25. Hughes, Jonathan R. T. 1991. The Governmental Habit Redux: Economic Controls from Colonial Times to the Present. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
26. Keller, Morton. 1990. Regulating a New Economy: Public Policy and Economic Change in America, 1900-1933. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
27. Krooss, Herman E. 1970. Executive Opinion: What Business Leaders Said and Thought on Economic Issues, 1920s-1960s. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Co.
28. Krug, J. A. 1945. Production: Wartime Achievements and the Reconversion Outlook. War Production Board Document No. 334, October 9.
29. Leuchtenburg, William E. 1963. Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1940. New York: Harper & Row.
30. May, Dean L. 1985. Temporary National Economic Committee. In Franklin D. Roosevelt, His Life and Times: An Encyclopedic View, edited by O. L. Graham Jr. and M. R. Wander. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co.
31. Pindyck, Robert S. 1991. Irreversibility, Uncertainty, and Investment. Journal of Economic Literature 29 (September): 1110-48.
32. Porter, David L. 1985. Congress, United States. In Franklin D. Roosevelt, His Life and Times: An Encyclopedic View, edited by O. L. Graham Jr. and M. R. Wander. Boston: G. K Hall & Co.
33. Rapaczynski, Andrzej. 1996. The Roles of the State and the Market in Establishing Property Rights. Journal of Economic Perspectives 10 (Spring): 87-103.
34. Riddell, Kelly. 1990. The State, Capitalism, and World War II: The U.S. Case. Armed Forces & Society 17 (Fall): 53-79.
35. Rockoff, Hugh. 1984. Drastic Measures: A History of Wajje and Price Controls in the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
36. Roose, Kenneth D. 1954. The Economics of Recession and Revival: An Interpretation of 1937-38. New Haven: Yale University Press.
37. Schilke, Charles. 1985. Reorganization Act. In Franklin D. Roosevelt, His Life and Times: An Encyclopedic View, edited by O. L. Graham Jr. and M. R. Wander. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co.
38. Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1939. Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical, and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
39. _. [1942] 1962. Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. New York: Harper Torchbooks.
40. Siegan, Bernard H. 1980. Economic Liberties and the Constitution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
41. Smiley, Gene. 1994. The American Economy in the Twentieth Century, Cincinnati: South-western.
42. Smith, R. Elberton. 1959. The Army and Economic Mobilization. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
43. Stimson, Henry L., and McGeorge Bundy. 1947. On Active Service in Peace and War. London: Hutchinson & Co.
44. Swanson, J. A., and S. H. Williamson. 1972. Estimates of National Product and Income for the United States Economy, 1919-1941. Explorations in Economic History 10 (Fall): 53-73.
45. Temin, Peter. 1989. Lessons from the Great Depression. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
46. U.S. Bureau of the Budget. 1946. The United States at War: Development and Administration of the War Program by the Federal Government. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
47. U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1975. Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
48. U.S. Council of Economic Advisers. 1970. Annual Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
49. _. 1995. Annual Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
50. Witte, John F. 1985. The Politics and Development of the Federal Income Tax. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.